我國(guó)獨(dú)生子女?dāng)?shù)量達(dá)9000萬(wàn)
90m Chinese grow up as 'only' children
[ 2007-01-22 15:21 ]
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The generation of "only" children numbers 90
million. | China's
one-child policy since the end of 1970s has created a generation of "only"
children that now numbers 90 million, Zhao Baige, vice minister for
China's National Population and Family Planning Commission said Friday.
The one-child policy has helped prevent 400 million births - about the
size of the US and Mexican populations combined - and aided China's rapid
economic development.
Despite that, Zhao said surveys have shown that 60 percent of Chinese
would prefer to have two children, but that the government has no plan to
relax birth limits.
Critics say the policy has led to forced abortions and a dangerously
imbalanced sex ratio due to a traditional preference for male heirs, which
has prompted countless families to abort female fetuses in hopes of
getting boys.
Zhao blamed the imbalanced sex ratio on a
traditional preference for boys and the availability of gender testing of fetuses
with sonograms. She
said the government was addressing the problem with education, subsidies
and strict regulation of sonograms.
In 2005, the government began giving US$150 annual pensions to older
couples with a daughter as a reward for complying with the policy and as
an incentive to others to have just one girl baby.
Government statistics show that 117 boys are born for every 100 girls
in China, well above the average for industrialized countries of between
104 and 107 boys for every 100 girls.
Experts have said the gender imbalance resulting
from sex-selective abortions
and other practices could have dangerous social consequences due to
anticipated shortages of marriageable
young women.
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(AP)
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國(guó)家人口和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)副主任趙白鴿上周五介紹，自上世紀(jì)70年代末實(shí)行計(jì)劃生育政策以來，我國(guó)的獨(dú)生子女?dāng)?shù)量已達(dá)到9000萬(wàn)。
計(jì)劃生育政策使我國(guó)的人口出生數(shù)減少了4億，這個(gè)數(shù)字相當(dāng)于美國(guó)和墨西哥的人口總數(shù)。同時(shí)，這一政策對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展也起到了一定作用。
盡管如此，趙主任說，調(diào)查顯示60%的中國(guó)人還是想要兩個(gè)孩子，但目前政府還沒有放開生育政策的計(jì)劃。
批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，計(jì)劃生育政策使很多具有“重男輕女”傳統(tǒng)思想的家庭進(jìn)行了選擇性人工墮胎，由此造成了我國(guó)男女比例的嚴(yán)重失調(diào)。
趙主任說，傳統(tǒng)的“重男輕女”思想和B超胎兒性別鑒定技術(shù)是造成這一問題的主要根源。她說目前政府正在通過教育、補(bǔ)貼和禁止（注：非醫(yī)學(xué)用）胎兒性別鑒定等辦法來解決這一問題。
為了鼓勵(lì)人們只生一個(gè)孩子，2005年政府對(duì)響應(yīng)政策、只生一個(gè)女兒的老年夫婦進(jìn)行了2000元人民幣的養(yǎng)老金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
據(jù)政府的有關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，目前我國(guó)男女出生的性別比例為117:100，大大高于工業(yè)化國(guó)家104:100至107:100的平均水平。
據(jù)專家分析，由選擇性墮胎等行為造成的男女比例失調(diào)將會(huì)導(dǎo)致達(dá)到適婚年齡的年輕女性緊缺，而這會(huì)對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重危害。
（英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯） |
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Vocabulary:
gender testing of fetuses :
胎兒性別鑒定
sex-selective abortion
: 選擇性墮胎
marriageable : suitable
for marriage（達(dá)到適婚年齡的） |
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