冰屋內(nèi)部會(huì)融化嗎？
[ 2007-01-29 17:25 ]
愛斯基摩人的冰屋大家一定都聽說過吧？這可是名副其實(shí)的冰雪房子。愛斯基摩人冬天狩獵的時(shí)候就會(huì)用這些冰屋做休息站。如果你想體驗(yàn)住在冰屋的感覺的話，你可以去瑞典北部基律納的朱卡恩佳維村，住宿那里的冰旅館。在親身體驗(yàn)之前，所有人都擔(dān)心的問題就是：這個(gè)冰屋里面會(huì)不會(huì)融化？畢竟人類的呼吸和活動(dòng)可是會(huì)釋放很多熱量哦！就讓下面這篇文章來解決您的擔(dān)憂吧！
 The igloo, a temporary winter hunting shelter to
the Alaskan Inuit does, in fact, melt inside, but not to a great extent.
The snowflakes falling outside of the igloo, in the harsh Alaskan winter,
quickly melt when they land on its roof, and provide a replacement layer of
insulation for the igloo. The ongoing freezing and re-freezing of the igloo,
hardens it, and transforms the blocks of snow the Eskimos used in the
construction process into a solid, icy, domed refuge. The igloo can now
withstand the weight of a massive polar bear, should one happen along and have
the urge to play "king of the mountain."
The initial freezing and re-freezing of the igloo takes place at the end of
the igloo's construction. First, the men must dig a trench into a fresh snow-
drift, and, using their knives, cut blocks of snow from it that are specifically
shaped to face inward when fully laid out. They then lay the blocks on their
edges to form a circle, cutting them to size as they go, so that the end result
will be a narrowing spiral. They cap the igloo by dropping a keystone, or block
with edges cut wider above than below, into the remaining gap in the roof, and
"grout" the gaps between blocks of snow with additional snow.
The men then call in the resident expert, the Inuit woman, to put the
finishing touches on the igloo. Armed with her whale blubber lamp, she enters
the structure, lights her lamp to the highest possible setting, beats a hasty
retreat, and seals the entrance with a block of ice. Inside the igloo, the snow
on the roof begins to melt but, because of its domed design, the water melts
down the sides of the igloo, and soaks the blocks of snow. When the blocks are
almost completely saturated with water, the woman returns, douses her blubber
lamp, and allows the frigid outside air to rush in, transforming the fragile
snow structure into one of hard, solid ice.
The igloo is now prepared for its temporary tenants, whose body heat,
combined with the warmth of one to two blubber lamps, maintain its interior at
approximately 55°F. Not until the winter ends, and the exterior temperature
rises, does the igloo begin to melt. Hopefully, the Inuit will be long gone by
then, as the igloo will collapse…dome-first!
（英語點(diǎn)津 Annabel 編輯） |
