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Watching television more than two hours a day early in life can lead to attention problems later in adolescence, according to a study released on Tuesday.
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Watching television more than two hours a day early in life can lead to attention problems later in adolescence, according to a study released on Tuesday.
The roughly 40 percent increase in attention problems among heavy TV viewers was observed in both boys and girls.
The link was established by a long-term study of the habits and behaviors of more than 1,000 children born in Dunedin, New Zealand, between April 1972 and March 1973.
The children aged 5 to 11 watched an average of 2.05 hours of weekday television. From age 13 to 15, time spent in front of the tube rose to an average of 3.1 hours a day.
"Those who watched more than two hours, and particularly those who watched more than three hours, of television per day during childhood had above-average symptoms of attention problems in adolescence," Carl Landhuis of the University of Otago in Dunedin wrote in his report, published in the journal Pediatrics.
Young children who watched a lot of television were more likely to continue the habit as they got older, but even if they did not the damage was done, the report said.
"This suggests that the effects of childhood viewing on attention may be long lasting," Landhuis wrote.
Landhuis offered several possible explanations for the association.
One was that the rapid scene changes common to many TV programs may over stimulate the developing brain of a young child, and could make reality seem boring by comparison.
"Hence, children who watch a lot of television may become less tolerant of slower-paced and more mundane tasks, such as school work," he wrote.
It was also possible that TV viewing may supplant other activities that promote concentration, such as reading, games, sports and play, he said.
Previous studies have linked the sedentary habit of TV watching among children to obesity and diabetes, and another study in the same journal cited the poor nutritional content of the overwhelming majority of food products advertised on the top-rated US. children's television shows.
Up to 98 percent of the TV ads promoting food products that were directed at children aged 2 through 11 "were high in either fat, sugar, or sodium," wrote Lisa Powell of the University of Illinois in Chicago.
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據(jù)本周二公布的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果，兒童時(shí)期每天看電視超過兩小時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致青少年時(shí)期出現(xiàn)注意力問題。
調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論男孩女孩，老看電視的人的注意力問題多出約40%。
研究人員對(duì)1972年4月至1973年3月在新西蘭達(dá)尼丁出生的1000多個(gè)孩子的行為習(xí)慣進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)長期調(diào)查，得出了上述結(jié)論。
調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子在5歲至11歲期間平均每天看電視的時(shí)間為2.05個(gè)小時(shí)。而到了13歲至15歲，每天看電視的時(shí)間則增加到了3.1個(gè)小時(shí)。
達(dá)尼丁奧塔哥大學(xué)的卡爾?蘭德胡易斯在研究報(bào)告中提到：“兒童時(shí)期每天看電視超過兩個(gè)小時(shí)，尤其是超過三個(gè)小時(shí)的人青少年時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的注意力問題超過平均水平?！痹撗芯繄?bào)告在《兒科》期刊上發(fā)表。
隨著年齡的增長，兒童時(shí)期老看電視的人很可能會(huì)繼續(xù)這一習(xí)慣，即使他們不再這樣，但影響已經(jīng)造成了。
蘭德胡易斯在報(bào)告中寫道：“這說明兒童時(shí)期老看電視會(huì)對(duì)注意力造成長期影響?！?/font>
蘭德胡易斯為這一結(jié)論提供了以下幾種可能的解釋：
一是很多電視節(jié)目中的快速畫面切換可能會(huì)過度刺激孩子們正在發(fā)育的大腦，與電視中的畫面相比，現(xiàn)實(shí)可能會(huì)讓他們覺得沒意思。
他在報(bào)告中說：“因此，老看電視的孩子對(duì)節(jié)奏較慢和較“世俗”的任務(wù)，如做家庭作業(yè)，可能沒什么耐心。”
還有一種可能是，看電視可能會(huì)占用其它有助于培養(yǎng)注意力的活動(dòng)的時(shí)間，如，看書、做游戲、運(yùn)動(dòng)及玩耍等。
此前有研究表明，兒童看電視所養(yǎng)成的久坐習(xí)慣會(huì)導(dǎo)致肥胖或糖尿病，該期刊中的另一項(xiàng)研究指出，美國收視率最高的兒童電視節(jié)目中廣告的絕大多數(shù)食品營養(yǎng)價(jià)值都很低。
芝加哥伊利諾斯州大學(xué)的莉莎?鮑威爾在研究報(bào)告中說：“多達(dá)98%的、針對(duì)兩歲至11歲兒童的廣告食品‘要么脂肪含量高、要么糖份多或者含鹽量高’?！?/font>
（英語點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯）
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