法國裁定：市長不能拒絕主持同性婚姻

French mayors can't refuse to perform same-sex marriages

中國日報網(wǎng) 2013-10-21 17:20

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French mayors and their deputies cannot invoke their freedom of conscience to refuse to perform same-sex marriages that Paris legalized last May, the country's Constitutional Council ruled on Friday.

Seven mayors, backed by groups that led mass protests against gay nuptials early this year, asked France's highest constitutional authority for a ruling after the Interior Ministry threatened dissenters with jail or fines.

Gay marriage opponents condemned the decision and vowed to take the issue to the European Court of Human Rights.

"The legislator has not violated their freedom of conscience," the Council said in its ruling.

The government did not include an opt-out clause "to assure the law is applied by its agents and to guarantee the proper functioning and neutrality of public service," it added.

President Francois Hollande promised to legalize gay marriage as the major social reform of his five-year presidency. It is a touchstone issue for many of his Socialist supporters.

After the law came into effect, several mayors announced they would refuse to perform such marriages, prompting Interior Minister Manuel Valls to issue a memo warning they risked five years in jail or a 7,500-euro fine for discrimination.

Under French law, all couples must be married in civil ceremonies conducted by mayors or their deputies. Those choosing a religious wedding can only do so after this ceremony.

Ludovine de la Rochere, head of the "Demo for All" movement championing traditional marriage, rejected the ruling and said: "We will go to the European Court of Human Rights."

But Paris regional councilor Jean-Luc Romero hailed it as a setback for "homophobic mayors" and said: "This country's laws are not applied selectively."

Valls's memo reminded mayors and their deputies that they could empower a municipal councilor to perform a marriage if they were not available, but not out of opposition to the law.

According to the gay magazine Tetu, 510 same-sex couples married in Paris in the four months from June to September, accounting for 12 percent of all weddings celebrated during that period in the French capital.

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法國的市長及其副手們不能再以“良心自由”為由，拒絕為同性戀者舉行婚禮了。據(jù)英國媒體報道，法國憲法委員會10月18日裁定，法國內(nèi)政部警告公務人員有義務依法主持同性戀婚禮否則將被嚴懲的行為沒有侵犯公民的“良心自由”權(quán)利。反同性戀婚姻者對此表示不滿，誓要前往歐洲人權(quán)法庭繼續(xù)申訴。

今年5月18日，法國政府宣布，總統(tǒng)奧朗德已經(jīng)簽署通過同性戀婚姻的法律。自此，法國成為歐洲第9個、世界上第14個認可同性婚姻的國家。然而，這項同性戀婚姻法案在法國頗受爭議。

依據(jù)法國法律，公民結(jié)婚必須先到政府登記，并且婚禮要由市長或者市長的副手主持，然后選擇宗教婚禮的新人才能前往教堂舉行儀式。

自同性戀婚姻法案正式生效后，一些市長公開表示他們不會為同性戀者主持婚禮。由此，法國內(nèi)政部長曼努埃爾·瓦爾斯發(fā)出警告稱，公務人員有義務遵守法律，倘若市長及其副手們執(zhí)意拒絕主持同性婚禮，他們將因“歧視”而面臨5年監(jiān)禁或7500歐元（約合6.3萬元人民幣）的罰款。隨后，在反同性戀婚姻團體的支持下，7名市長要求法國憲法委員會裁決內(nèi)政部的上述行為是否違憲。

當?shù)貢r間18日，法國憲法委員會公布裁決，稱“立法機構(gòu)沒有侵犯他們良心自由的權(quán)利”，并且政府頒布的法律中不包含選擇退出條款，“從而確保法律得到相關機構(gòu)的有效執(zhí)行，保證公共服務的中立性和正常運行”。

路迪唯·容契是法國一個倡導傳統(tǒng)婚禮組織的負責人，他對憲法委員會的裁決感到強烈不滿，“接下來，我們會去歐洲人權(quán)法庭”。巴黎地區(qū)地方議員羅梅羅則認為，憲法委員會做得很好，“對于憎惡同性戀的市長而言，這是一個挫敗，國家法律不能被選擇性地執(zhí)行”。

此外，根據(jù)法國同性戀雜志“Tetu”發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)，從今年6月到9月，共有510對同性戀者在巴黎登記結(jié)婚，占到該市同期結(jié)婚總?cè)藬?shù)的12%。