美英兩國(guó)先后宣布禁止入境航班乘客攜帶大型電子設(shè)備登機(jī)。美國(guó)政府21日宣布將禁止8個(gè)中東、北非國(guó)家境內(nèi)10座機(jī)場(chǎng)的赴美航班乘客隨身攜帶大于手機(jī)的電子設(shè)備登機(jī)；此類設(shè)備需放入托運(yùn)行李中。英國(guó)政府隨后也針對(duì)來(lái)自土耳其、中東、北非地區(qū)的一些國(guó)家的航班宣布了類似的禁令。據(jù)報(bào)道，美英兩國(guó)的禁令與恐怖主義威脅有關(guān)。BBC稱，美國(guó)情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)可能獲得關(guān)于恐怖襲擊的情報(bào)。

The US and UK are banning laptops from cabin baggage on flights from certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as Turkey.
美英兩國(guó)正對(duì)由中東、北非地區(qū)某些國(guó)家及土耳其入境的航班實(shí)施禁止隨身攜帶筆記本電腦登機(jī)的禁令。

The US ban on electronic devices larger than a smartphone is being imposed as an anti-terrorist precaution.
美國(guó)禁止隨身攜帶大于智能手機(jī)的電子設(shè)備登機(jī)的禁令是為了防范恐怖襲擊。

The US ban applies to 10 airports in eight Muslim-majority countries. It covers inbound flights on nine airlines. Phones are not affected.
該禁令針對(duì)8個(gè)穆斯林為主要人口國(guó)家的10座機(jī)場(chǎng)，涉及9家航空公司的入境航班。手機(jī)不受影響。

The British ban, announced hours after the American measure, is similar but applies to different airlines.
幾小時(shí)后，英國(guó)緊隨美國(guó)公布了類似的禁令，但是涉及的航空公司不同。

Downing Street said airline passengers on 14 carriers would not be able to carry laptops in cabin luggage on inbound direct flights from Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia.
英國(guó)政府表示，乘坐14家航空公司從土耳其、黎巴嫩、約旦、埃及、突尼斯以及沙特阿拉伯直飛英國(guó)入境航班的乘客將無(wú)法隨身攜帶筆記本電腦。

The Turkish government said the US ban was wrong and should be reversed.
土耳其政府稱，美國(guó)的禁令是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該被撤銷。

Large electronic devices will still be allowed on board in checked baggage.
大型電子設(shè)備仍然可以托運(yùn)帶上飛機(jī)。

Canadian Transport Minister Marc Garneau said his country was also considering restrictions on electronics in the cabins of planes.
加拿大交通部長(zhǎng)馬克?加尼奧稱，加拿大也在考慮限制飛機(jī)客艙內(nèi)的電子產(chǎn)品。

Which flights are affected?
哪些航班受到影響？

The nine airlines affected by the US ban:
受美國(guó)禁令影響的9家航空公司：

Royal Jordanian, EgyptAir, Turkish Airlines, Saudi Arabian Airlines, Kuwait Airways, Royal Air Maroc, Qatar Airways, Emirates, Etihad Airways
皇家約旦航空、埃及航空、土耳其航空、沙特航空、科威特航空、摩洛哥皇家航空、卡塔爾航空、阿聯(lián)酋航空以及阿提哈德航空。

The 14 Carriers affected by the UK ban:
受英國(guó)禁令影響的14家航空公司：

British Airways, EasyJet, Jet2.com, Monarch, Thomas Cook Airlines, Thomson Airways, Turkish Airlines, Pegasus Airways, Atlas-Global Airlines, Middle East Airlines, EgyptAir, Royal Jordanian, Tunis Air, Saudi Arabian Airlines
英國(guó)航空，易捷航空，Jet2.com，君主航空，托馬斯庫(kù)克航空，湯姆森航空，土耳其航空，天馬航空，阿特拉斯環(huán)球航空，中東航空，埃及航空，皇家約旦航空，突尼斯航空，沙特航空

The airlines included in the US decision have been given a deadline of 07:00 GMT on Saturday to impose the ban, officials said, adding that the restriction had no end date.
美國(guó)政府官員稱，接到該國(guó)指令的航空公司需在25日格林尼治時(shí)間7點(diǎn)前執(zhí)行禁令，并稱該禁令沒(méi)有截止日期。

However, an Emirates spokeswoman told Reuters news agency the airline understood that the US directive would come into effect on 25 March and remain valid until 14 October 2017.
然而，阿聯(lián)酋航空的一位發(fā)言人告訴路透社，該公司獲悉美國(guó)的禁令將于3月25日生效，執(zhí)行至今年10月14日。

Why now?
為什么在此時(shí)推出禁令？

The restriction is based, we are told, on "evaluated intelligence", BBC security correspondent Frank Gardner writes.
BBC安全事務(wù)通訊員弗蘭克?加德納稱，BBC被告知這項(xiàng)禁令基于“已經(jīng)過(guò)評(píng)估的情報(bào)”。

That means that US intelligence has either intercepted discussion of a possible extremist plot or has been passed word of one by a human informant.
這意味著美國(guó)情報(bào)部門要么截獲了一則潛在的極端主義陰謀情報(bào)，要么有線人向其傳遞了消息。

The Middle Eastern and North African airports affected are nearly all ones with close, friendly relations with Washington, so this will be seen by some as a drastic and unpopular measure. Wealthy Gulf Arab business leaders flying to the US, for example, will no longer be able to work on their laptops mid-flight.
中東、北非地區(qū)受影響的機(jī)場(chǎng)幾乎都與美國(guó)保有密切友好的關(guān)系，所以一些人認(rèn)為此項(xiàng)禁令是激進(jìn)而不得人心的措施。富有的波斯灣地區(qū)商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖在飛往美國(guó)途中再也不能使用筆記本電腦辦公了。

But aviation security experts were alarmed by an incident in Somalia last year when the insurgent group al-Shabaab smuggled an explosive-filled laptop on a flight out of Mogadishu, blowing a hole in the side of the plane. The aircraft was still low enough that the pilot was able to land the plane safely.
去年索馬里發(fā)生的一起事件讓航空安全專家們驚恐萬(wàn)分。當(dāng)時(shí)武裝組織索馬里青年黨將一臺(tái)裝滿爆炸物的筆記本電腦偷偷帶上了摩加迪沙的離港航班，將飛機(jī)一側(cè)炸開(kāi)了一個(gè)窟窿。由于飛機(jī)還在低海拔飛行，飛行員才得以安全降落。

How is the ban being justified?
禁令是否正當(dāng)合理？

In a statement, the DHS cited attacks on planes and airports over the past two years.
美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部在一份聲明中援引了過(guò)去兩年針對(duì)飛機(jī)和機(jī)場(chǎng)的襲擊。

Bombs, it said, had been hidden in such items as a soft drink can, in the downing of a Russian airliner over Egypt in October 2015 with the loss of 224 lives, and the laptop used in the unsuccessful Somali attack last year.
國(guó)土安全部表示，2015年10月一架俄羅斯客機(jī)在埃及上空爆炸墜落，炸彈藏在了軟飲料罐中。去年，有人利用筆記本電腦策劃索馬里襲擊未遂。

So-called Islamic State said it bombed the Russian plane over Egypt

"Evaluated intelligence indicates that terrorist groups continue to target commercial aviation, to include smuggling explosive devices in various consumer items," the DHS said.
“情報(bào)評(píng)估表明，恐怖組織一直把民用航空作為攻擊目標(biāo)，利用各種各樣的消費(fèi)品將爆炸裝置偷運(yùn)上飛機(jī)?！?/p>

A British Government spokesperson said: "The additional security measures may cause some disruption for passengers and flights, and we understand the frustration that will cause, but our top priority will always be to maintain the safety of British nationals."
英國(guó)政府的一位發(fā)言人表示：“這項(xiàng)附加的安全措施可能會(huì)對(duì)乘客和航班造成一定困擾。我們完全理解因此引發(fā)的不滿。但是我們始終將維護(hù)英國(guó)公民安全作為第一要?jiǎng)?wù)。”

Will the ban be effective?
禁令有用嗎？

Turkish Transport Minister Ahmet Arslan told reporters the ban was "not a right move".
土耳其交通部部長(zhǎng)艾哈邁德?阿爾斯蘭告訴記者，禁令“不是恰當(dāng)?shù)拇胧薄?/p>

"We particularly emphasise how this will not benefit the passenger and that reverse steps or a softening should be adopted," he added.
他說(shuō)：“我們特別強(qiáng)調(diào)，這樣做將對(duì)乘客不利，應(yīng)該將禁令取消或采取溫和措施?！?/p>

Philip Baum, editor in chief of Aviation Security magazine, told the BBC: "If we cannot, in 2017, distinguish between a laptop that contains an IED (improvised explosive device) and one that does not, then our screening process is completely flawed.
《航空安全》雜志主編菲利普?鮑姆對(duì)BBC表示：“如果我們現(xiàn)在還不能區(qū)分含有臨時(shí)爆炸裝置的筆記本電腦和普通的電腦，那么這說(shuō)明我們的審查程序存在缺陷?！?

Ataturk Airport, which has stringent security checks in place, was attacked last year

"And encouraging people to check laptops, and other such items, into the luggage hold simply makes the challenge even harder. Cabin baggage can, at least, be inspected piece by piece and the accompanying passenger questioned."
“鼓勵(lì)人們托運(yùn)筆記本電腦以及其他電子產(chǎn)品只會(huì)讓挑戰(zhàn)難上加難。至少，隨身行李可以一件件檢查，也可以對(duì)行李攜帶者進(jìn)行盤(pán)問(wèn)。”

Simon Calder, travel editor of the UK's Independent newspaper, suggested the British ban would affect travellers differently because it included budget flights.
英國(guó)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》的旅行編輯西蒙?考爾德認(rèn)為，該國(guó)禁令會(huì)對(duì)旅行者產(chǎn)生不同的影響，因?yàn)榻钜采婕傲畠r(jià)航班。

"It's easy for the Americans, they don't have as many flights as us coming in and furthermore they don't have things like low-cost flights where I'm not going to pay to check in a bag," he told the BBC.
他對(duì)BBC稱：“這對(duì)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)很簡(jiǎn)單，他們的入境航班不像我們這么多，此外，他們沒(méi)有廉價(jià)航班，我搭乘這類航班時(shí)不會(huì)付費(fèi)托運(yùn)行李?！?/p>

"And suddenly I've got my laptop, I'm going to have to put that in a little bag and hand it in. Oh, and by the way, good news for petty thieves all over the airports of the world because lots of rich pickings are going to be around."
“而現(xiàn)在突然要托運(yùn)筆記本電腦，我要把它放進(jìn)小行李袋里交上去。哦，順便說(shuō)一下，這對(duì)于各國(guó)機(jī)場(chǎng)的眾多小偷來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)好消息，因?yàn)楹芏嘀靛X的東西等著他們大顯身手。”

英文來(lái)源：BBC
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：馬文英