從競(jìng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng)開(kāi)始，特朗普與美國(guó)媒體的關(guān)系一直處于“劍拔弩張”的狀態(tài)，在特朗普入主白宮以后，這種關(guān)系也沒(méi)有改善。特朗普多次斥責(zé)美國(guó)主流媒體散播針對(duì)他的假新聞，并頻頻向媒體發(fā)難。他稱(chēng)很多媒體為“假消息制造者”。近日，“假新聞”更是被評(píng)為柯林斯詞典2017年度詞匯。

10月26日，在美國(guó)首都華盛頓，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普在白宮發(fā)表講話。 新華社發(fā)（沈霆攝）

It's been derided by the American president and accused of influencing elections.
“假新聞”曾受到美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普的嘲諷，還被指責(zé)影響了總統(tǒng)大選。

But 'fake news' is today valid news after being named Collins dictionary's Word of the Year 2017.
但如今“假新聞”也“正當(dāng)”了，被評(píng)為《柯林斯詞典》2017年度詞匯。

Usage of the term, which is defined as 'false, often sensational, information disseminated under the guise of news reporting', has risen by 365 percent since 2016 and will be added to the next print edition of Collins Dictionary.
“假新聞”的定義是“假借新聞報(bào)道散播的虛假的、常常具有煽動(dòng)性的信息?！弊?016年以來(lái)，“假新聞”的使用量上漲了365%，并將被添加到下一版的印刷版《柯林斯詞典》中。

While 'fake news' will be added to the print edition, other words that will be added to the Collins Dictionary website include 'gender-fluid', 'cuffing season' and 'Insta'.
除了將被添加到印刷版的“假新聞”，還有一些詞匯將被添加到該詞典的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，包括“流性人”、“套套狂歡季”和“Insta”。

In his first 11 months as leader of the free world, Donald Trump has regularly claimed that news stories in the media are 'fake news'.
在特朗普當(dāng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng)后的11個(gè)月里，他常說(shuō)媒體的報(bào)道是“假新聞”。

He even suggested he invented the word 'fake' last month during an interview.
上月一次采訪中，他還表示是自己創(chuàng)造了“虛假”這個(gè)詞。

He told Christian channel Trinity Broadcasting: 'I think one of the greatest of all terms I've come up with is 'fake.'
他還告訴基督教頻道三一廣播說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為我想出的所有詞匯中，最好的一個(gè)就是‘虛假’”。

'I guess other people have used it, perhaps, over the years, but I've never noticed it.'
“我猜其他人在這么多年中也用過(guò)這個(gè)詞，也許吧，但我之前從沒(méi)注意過(guò)?！?/p>

Helen Newstead, Collins' head of language content, said: 'Much of this year's list is definitely politically charged, but with a new president in the US and a snap election in the UK it is perhaps no surprise that politics continues to electrify the language.
《柯林斯詞典》語(yǔ)言?xún)?nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)人海倫-紐斯特德說(shuō)：“今年的上榜詞匯大部分都與政治有關(guān)。但美國(guó)有了新總統(tǒng)，英國(guó)也提前大選了，所以政壇繼續(xù)貢獻(xiàn)新詞也許不足為奇?！?/p>

'Fake news', either as a statement of fact or as an accusation, has been inescapable this year, contributing to the undermining of society's trust in news reporting', she added.
她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“不管是一種事實(shí)陳述還是一種譴責(zé)，‘假新聞’無(wú)疑是今年的年度詞匯，它破壞了社會(huì)對(duì)新聞報(bào)道的信任?！?/p>

Lexicographers, the people who compile dictionaries, also included 'gender-fluid' on their list of words of the year.
詞典編纂者還將“流性人”添加到了年度詞匯榜單中。

The phrase was defined as 'not identifying exclusively with one gender rather than another' and has been frequently referred to over recent months.
“流性人”指的是“無(wú)法確定為男性或者女性的人”，近幾個(gè)月，這一詞匯使用頻率非常高。

Its increasing popularity has been reflected by stores such as John Lewis and Mothercare who have created clothing ranges which are not labelled as specifically for 'girls' or 'boys'.
約翰-路易斯和Mothercare等商店推出了一些并未注明女裝或者男裝的服飾系列，這也反映出“流性人”越來(lái)越流行。

'Echo chamber', which refers to sharing opinions in places like social media where only people with similar views will see them, also made it onto the list.
上榜的流行語(yǔ)還有“回音室”，指的是在社交媒體等平臺(tái)分享觀點(diǎn)，只有持類(lèi)似觀點(diǎn)的人會(huì)看到。

Among the most regularly used new words was 'cuffing season', which is the habit of single people seeking a partner for the winter months but not necessarily for a longer period.
“套套狂歡季”是使用頻率最高的新詞之一，指的是單身男女在冬季尋找伴侶、但不一定發(fā)展為長(zhǎng)期戀愛(ài)的現(xiàn)象。

'Gig economy', which describes an economy built around temporary or freelance workers and 'Insta', to describe things relating to the photo-sharing app Instagram, were also popular words this year.
“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)”指的是由臨時(shí)員工和自由職業(yè)者構(gòu)成的經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域?！癐nsta”指的是與圖片分享應(yīng)用Instagram相關(guān)的事物。這兩個(gè)詞匯也入選今年的流行語(yǔ)。

Last year also saw a political phrase named word of the year - 'Brexit' was chosen by Collins following the 2016 EU referendum.
2016年的《柯林斯詞典》年度詞匯“脫歐”也是政治詞匯，是2016年英國(guó)脫歐公投后選出的。

All of the new words and meanings will be added to the Collins Dictionary website and will be considered for inclusion in future print editions.
所有新詞和含義將被添加到《柯林斯詞典》網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，并有望在今后添加進(jìn)印刷版。

上榜的其他流行語(yǔ)還有：

Corbynmania: Fervent enthusiasm for Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.
科爾賓狂熱：對(duì)英國(guó)工黨領(lǐng)袖杰瑞米-科爾賓的極度狂熱。

Unicorn: Recently launched business valued at more than one billion dollars.
獨(dú)角獸：市值超過(guò)10億美元的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)。

Antifa noun: (1) an antifascist organization (2) a member of an antifascist organization; adjective: (3) involving, belonging to, or relating to an antifascist organization
反法西斯主義：用作名詞時(shí)指的是反法西斯組織或其成員，用作形容詞時(shí)指參與、屬于、或與反法西斯組織相關(guān)。

Fidget spinner: a small toy comprising two or three prongs arranged around a central bearing, designed to be spun by the fingers as means of improving concentration or relieving stress
指尖陀螺：有兩三個(gè)圍繞中心軸承排列的尖頭的小玩具，可用手指將其旋轉(zhuǎn)，用以提高注意力或減輕壓力。

歷年流行語(yǔ)回顧：

2016 - Brexit: Noun meaning "the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union".
2016年：脫歐（名詞），指英國(guó)退出歐盟。

2015 - Binge-watch: Verb meaning "to watch a large number of television programmes (especially all the shows from one series) in succession".
2015年：刷劇/連續(xù)看片（動(dòng)詞），指連續(xù)觀看大量電視節(jié)目，特別是一部劇的全集。

2014 - Photobomb: Verb meaning "spoiling a photograph by stepping in front of them as the photograph is taken, often doing something silly such as making a funny face".
2014年：照片炸彈（動(dòng)詞），指拍照時(shí)突然亂入，破壞照片，亂入者經(jīng)常在做一些傻事，比如扮鬼臉。

2013 - Geek: Countable noun meaning "someone who is skilled with computers, and who seems more interested in them than in people".
2013年：極客（可數(shù)名詞），指的是“電腦技能高超，且更關(guān)注自己、不愛(ài)交際的人。

英文來(lái)源：每日郵報(bào)、BBC、衛(wèi)報(bào)
翻譯&編審：yaning