隨身英語(yǔ)
Do we really need 8 hours’ sleep? 我們真的需要八小時(shí)睡眠嗎？
你每天平均睡多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？八小時(shí)通常被認(rèn)為是 “黃金” 睡眠時(shí)間，但這是否因人而異？哪些因素決定一個(gè)人究竟該睡多久才好？本期 “隨身英語(yǔ)” 圍繞這個(gè)話題展開討論。
詞匯：sleep studies 睡眠研究
Charles Darwin once said “A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life”. If you live one hundred years, that only equates to twelve-hundred months – and when you break it down even further into days, hours and minutes, it gets more frightening. Why is this relevant? Well, quite simply put: life is short. Spending eight hours every day in a slumber means you’re losing a third of your life to bed. So, the question is: is eight hours the exact amount we need, or is it just a myth?
While most scientists agree that between seven and nine hours a night is the optimal amount, this is just a rough estimate. In truth, it’s a little more complicated than that. It seems that the amount of sleep you need depends upon your age – with infants needing much more than adults. What does seem apparent is that around seven and a half hours’ sleep is a good amount. In a study conducted at the University of Surrey Sleep Research Centre, the effects of sleep were monitored.
One group slept for six and a half and the other for seven and a half hours per night. While some findings were predictable – irritation and lower concentration in the group who slept less, there were some more surprising findings. The genes of people who had less sleep were affected. Genes associated with inflammation, the immune system and stress response became more active. The team also observed increases in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer.
One of the biggest issues is that myths regarding sleep are constantly perpetuated. For example, have you ever heard that you can train yourself to need less or no sleep? It’s simply not true. We will always need a certain amount of sleep – eight hours might not be the exact sweet spot, and there are factors like age to take into consideration, but one thing is true – there is a certain amount we do actually need.
詞匯表
equate to 相當(dāng)于
break something down 將…細(xì)分為若干部分
relevant 相關(guān)的
slumber 睡眠，睡夢(mèng)
myth 沒有根據(jù)的說(shuō)法，虛傳
optimal 最佳的
estimate 估計(jì)
apparent 明顯的
monitor 監(jiān)測(cè)
finding 研究結(jié)果
irritation 煩躁，惱火
concentration 注意力，專注
immune system 免疫系統(tǒng)
response 反應(yīng)
perpetuate 使…持續(xù)下去
sweet spot 最佳狀態(tài)（此處指最佳睡眠時(shí)長(zhǎng)）
take into consideration 考慮到
測(cè)驗(yàn)與練習(xí)
1. 閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。
1. What does the Charles Darwin quote mean?
2. What do you spend a third of your life doing?
3. What is one of the factors in considering how much sleep you need?
4. Which genes became more active in people who had less sleep?
5. Can you train yourself to need less or no sleep?
2. 選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來(lái)完成下列句子。
1. We don’t have the exact figures, so we need to _______ it.
estimate response slumber findings
2. The results were surprising – some very interesting _______.
findings consideration monitor irritation
3. He promised to take my request into _______.
consideration myth irritation findings
4. That’s a perfect situation – an _______ environment for learning.
slumber estimate optimal perpetuate
5. When you _______ it down into its smaller parts, it becomes clearer.
break apparent findings estimate
答案
1. 閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。
1. What does the Charles Darwin quote mean?
It means that if you truly understand how short life is, you wouldn’t waste any time.
2. What do you spend a third of your life doing?
You spend a third of your life sleeping.
3. What is one the factors in considering how much sleep you need?
Age is one of the factors when considering how much sleep you need.
4. Which genes became more active in people who had less sleep?
Genes associated with inflammation, the immune system and stress response became more active. The team also observed increases in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer.
5. Can you train yourself to need less or no sleep?
No. Apparently this is just a myth.
2. 選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來(lái)完成下列句子。
1. We don’t have the exact figures, so we need to estimate it.
2. The results were surprising – some very interesting findings.
3. He promised to take my request into consideration.
4. That’s a perfect situation – an optimal environment for learning.
5. When you break it down into its smaller parts, it becomes clearer.
