你問我答
Grass, lawn, turf 分別指哪種 “草地”？
內(nèi)容簡介
名詞 “grass、lawn” 和 “turf” 的含義都和 “草” 有關(guān)。“Grass” 指 “青草”，“l(fā)awn” 指 “草坪”，“turf” 指 “草皮”。這三個詞的具體用法有哪些？與它們搭配使用的詞組 “artificial grass”、“l(fā)awnmower” 的意思是什么？本期節(jié)目分析這三個近義詞之間的區(qū)別。
歡迎你加入并和我們一起討論英語學(xué)習(xí)的方方面面。請通過微博 “BBC英語教學(xué)” 或郵件與我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系。我們的郵箱地址是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
文字稿
（關(guān)于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過程中對節(jié)目做出的改變。）
Beth
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I'm Beth.
Jiaying
And I'm Jiaying. 本期節(jié)目要回答的問題來自聽眾 Jessica。她的問題是這樣的：
Question
Good day. I want to know the differences between these words: 'grass', 'lawn’, and 'turf'. Thank you very much.
Best regards, Jessica.
Jiaying
謝謝聽眾 Jessica 的問題。下面，我們來看看每個詞的含義，并給大家提供一些例句。
Beth
Let's start by looking at 'grass'. 'Grass' is a plant that has long, narrow green leaves.
Jiaying
是的，名詞 “grass” 的意思是 “草，青草”，就是生長在地面上的綠葉植物。
Beth
That's right. You very often see grass in gardens, parks, on hills and at the sides of roads. But, really, it grows everywhere – especially in rainy countries like the UK!
Jiaying
注意：“grass” 是 “草” 這類植物的統(tǒng)稱，不論是綠油油的 “青草”，還是被曬成棕黃色的 “枯草”，都可以被稱為 “grass”。聽兩個使用了 “grass” 的例句。
Examples
Look at the grass on that hill. It's so green!
（看那座山上的青草。真綠呀?。?/p>
Are you going to cut the grass today?
（你今天打算割草嗎？）
Beth
'Artificial grass' is also a type of grass that people talk about – 'artificial' means fake.
Jiaying
還有一種草是 “artificial grass（人造草，人造草坪）”。有些人會在自家花園內(nèi)鋪設(shè) “artificial grass”。因為人造草地不需要割草，不費力還能讓花園看上去一直保持綠色。聽一個例句。
Example
The football pitch is covered in artificial grass.
（這個足球場上鋪設(shè)了人造草坪。）
Jiaying
下面，我們來對比 “grass” 和 “l(fā)awn” 之間的區(qū)別。
Beth
A 'lawn' is an area that is covered in grass, and you'll particularly see lawns in a garden or a park.
Jiaying
有一點很重要：名詞 “l(fā)awn（草坪）” 需要被定期修剪，從而讓草保持較短的長度。
Beth
And we cut or mow the lawn with a machine called a 'lawnmower'!
Jiaying
割草用的機器所對應(yīng)的英文名稱是 “l(fā)awnmower（割草機）”。記?。骸癵rass（草）” 是自然生長的植物，可以生長在任何地方。
Beth
But when people specifically want 'grass' to make a garden or park look nice, this is a 'lawn'.
Jiaying
但自家花園或公園里為了美觀而用 “grass” 鋪設(shè)的 “草坪” 則叫作 “l(fā)awn”。聽兩個使用了名詞 “l(fā)awn” 的例句。
Examples
I need to mow the lawn. It's getting too long.
（我得割草了。草長得太長了。）
I sat reading a book on the lawn.
（我坐在草坪上看書。）
Beth
Now let's look at 'turf'. 'Turf' is a layer of grass, including the soil and its roots, that can be laid on the ground to make a lawn.
Jiaying
“Turf” 指 “帶土壤和根部的草皮，草皮塊”。人們可能會買來 “rolls of turf（一卷一卷的草皮）”，鋪在花園里，讓草坪 “l(fā)awn” 看起來更平整美觀。聽兩個例句。
Examples
We've run out of turf for the garden. Let's buy some more.
（我們的草皮不夠，鋪不滿花園。我們再買一些吧。）
Once they laid new turf, the park looked better.
（鋪上新草皮后，公園看起來美觀多了。）
Beth
'Turf' can also be used in other expressions. For example, 'on home turf' means 'in your own country or city, or where you feel you belong'.
Jiaying
搭配 “on home turf” 的意思是 “在祖國、在家鄉(xiāng)的城市” 或者 “在自己的地盤”。這個搭配延伸到談?wù)撨\動的語境中時，意思是 “在主場”。比如，一支足球隊在他們的主場比賽，就可以說 “They are playing on home turf.”。聽一個例句。
Example
The local football team won the match on home turf.
（當?shù)刈闱蜿犜谥鲌鲒A得了比賽。）
Jiaying
好了，讓我們總結(jié)一下：名詞 “grass” 指 “草” 這種綠色植物；名詞 “l(fā)awn” 指 “定期修剪，以保持其整潔的草坪”；名詞 “turf” 是一卷一卷買來、用于鋪設(shè)在地面上、構(gòu)成一大片 “l(fā)awn（草坪）” 的 “草皮”。
Beth
Jiaying, do you fancy going for a picnic?
Jiaying
Not today! It's raining…
Beth
Oh, yeah, you're right! The grass will be very wet! Well, maybe next time. Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通過微博向我們提問。我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學(xué)”。Bye, everyone.
Beth
Bye!
