習近平在全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護大會上強調

全面推進美麗中國建設

加快推進人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化

李強主持 趙樂際王滬寧蔡奇李希出席

丁薛祥講話

7月17日至18日，全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護大會在北京召開。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議并發(fā)表重要講話。新華社記者 饒愛民 攝

全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護大會17日至18日在北京召開。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議并發(fā)表重要講話強調，今后5年是美麗中國建設的重要時期，要深入貫徹新時代中國特色社會主義生態(tài)文明思想，堅持以人民為中心，牢固樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，把建設美麗中國擺在強國建設、民族復興的突出位置，推動城鄉(xiāng)人居環(huán)境明顯改善、美麗中國建設取得顯著成效，以高品質生態(tài)環(huán)境支撐高質量發(fā)展，加快推進人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化。

7月17日至18日，全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護大會在北京召開。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議并發(fā)表重要講話。李強、趙樂際、王滬寧、蔡奇、丁薛祥、李希出席會議。新華社記者 饒愛民 攝

李強主持會議。趙樂際、王滬寧、蔡奇、李希出席會議。丁薛祥作總結講話。

習近平在講話中強調，黨的十八大以來，我們把生態(tài)文明建設作為關系中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的根本大計，開展了一系列開創(chuàng)性工作，決心之大、力度之大、成效之大前所未有，生態(tài)文明建設從理論到實踐都發(fā)生了歷史性、轉折性、全局性變化，美麗中國建設邁出重大步伐。我們從解決突出生態(tài)環(huán)境問題入手，注重點面結合、標本兼治，實現(xiàn)由重點整治到系統(tǒng)治理的重大轉變；堅持轉變觀念、壓實責任，不斷增強全黨全國推進生態(tài)文明建設的自覺性主動性，實現(xiàn)由被動應對到主動作為的重大轉變；緊跟時代、放眼世界，承擔大國責任、展現(xiàn)大國擔當，實現(xiàn)由全球環(huán)境治理參與者到引領者的重大轉變；不斷深化對生態(tài)文明建設規(guī)律的認識，形成新時代中國特色社會主義生態(tài)文明思想，實現(xiàn)由實踐探索到科學理論指導的重大轉變。經(jīng)過頑強努力，我國天更藍、地更綠、水更清，萬里河山更加多姿多彩。新時代生態(tài)文明建設的成就舉世矚目，成為新時代黨和國家事業(yè)取得歷史性成就、發(fā)生歷史性變革的顯著標志。

習近平強調，我國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護結構性、根源性、趨勢性壓力尚未根本緩解。我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展已進入加快綠色化、低碳化的高質量發(fā)展階段，生態(tài)文明建設仍處于壓力疊加、負重前行的關鍵期。必須以更高站位、更寬視野、更大力度來謀劃和推進新征程生態(tài)環(huán)境保護工作，譜寫新時代生態(tài)文明建設新篇章。

習近平指出，總結新時代十年的實踐經(jīng)驗，分析當前面臨的新情況新問題，繼續(xù)推進生態(tài)文明建設，必須以新時代中國特色社會主義生態(tài)文明思想為指導，正確處理幾個重大關系。一是高質量發(fā)展和高水平保護的關系，要站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發(fā)展，通過高水平環(huán)境保護，不斷塑造發(fā)展的新動能、新優(yōu)勢，著力構建綠色低碳循環(huán)經(jīng)濟體系，有效降低發(fā)展的資源環(huán)境代價，持續(xù)增強發(fā)展的潛力和后勁。二是重點攻堅和協(xié)同治理的關系，要堅持系統(tǒng)觀念，抓住主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，對突出生態(tài)環(huán)境問題采取有力措施，同時強化目標協(xié)同、多污染物控制協(xié)同、部門協(xié)同、區(qū)域協(xié)同、政策協(xié)同，不斷增強各項工作的系統(tǒng)性、整體性、協(xié)同性。三是自然恢復和人工修復的關系，要堅持山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統(tǒng)治理，構建從山頂?shù)胶Ｑ蟮谋Ｗo治理大格局，綜合運用自然恢復和人工修復兩種手段，因地因時制宜、分區(qū)分類施策，努力找到生態(tài)保護修復的最佳解決方案。四是外部約束和內生動力的關系，要始終堅持用最嚴格制度最嚴密法治保護生態(tài)環(huán)境，保持常態(tài)化外部壓力，同時要激發(fā)起全社會共同呵護生態(tài)環(huán)境的內生動力。五是“雙碳”承諾和自主行動的關系，我們承諾的“雙碳”目標是確定不移的，但達到這一目標的路徑和方式、節(jié)奏和力度則應該而且必須由我們自己作主，決不受他人左右。

習近平強調，要持續(xù)深入打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)，堅持精準治污、科學治污、依法治污，保持力度、延伸深度、拓展廣度，深入推進藍天、碧水、凈土三大保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，持續(xù)改善生態(tài)環(huán)境質量。要加快推動發(fā)展方式綠色低碳轉型，堅持把綠色低碳發(fā)展作為解決生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的治本之策，加快形成綠色生產(chǎn)方式和生活方式，厚植高質量發(fā)展的綠色底色。要著力提升生態(tài)系統(tǒng)多樣性、穩(wěn)定性、持續(xù)性，加大生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保護力度，切實加強生態(tài)保護修復監(jiān)管，拓寬綠水青山轉化金山銀山的路徑，為子孫后代留下山清水秀的生態(tài)空間。要積極穩(wěn)妥推進碳達峰碳中和，堅持全國統(tǒng)籌、節(jié)約優(yōu)先、雙輪驅動、內外暢通、防范風險的原則，落實好碳達峰碳中和“1+N”政策體系，構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體系，加快構建新型電力系統(tǒng)，提升國家油氣安全保障能力。要守牢美麗中國建設安全底線，貫徹總體國家安全觀，積極有效應對各種風險挑戰(zhàn)，切實維護生態(tài)安全、核與輻射安全等，保障我們賴以生存發(fā)展的自然環(huán)境和條件不受威脅和破壞。

習近平指出，要健全美麗中國建設保障體系。統(tǒng)籌各領域資源，匯聚各方面力量，打好法治、市場、科技、政策“組合拳”。要強化法治保障，統(tǒng)籌推進生態(tài)環(huán)境、資源能源等領域相關法律制修訂，實施最嚴格的地上地下、陸海統(tǒng)籌、區(qū)域聯(lián)動的生態(tài)環(huán)境治理制度，全面實行排污許可制，完善自然資源資產(chǎn)管理制度體系，健全國土空間用途管制制度。要完善綠色低碳發(fā)展經(jīng)濟政策，強化財政支持、稅收政策支持、金融支持、價格政策支持。要推動有效市場和有為政府更好結合，將碳排放權、用能權、用水權、排污權等資源環(huán)境要素一體納入要素市場化配置改革總盤子，支持出讓、轉讓、抵押、入股等市場交易行為，加快構建環(huán)保信用監(jiān)管體系，規(guī)范環(huán)境治理市場，促進環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)和環(huán)境服務業(yè)健康發(fā)展。要加強科技支撐，推進綠色低碳科技自立自強，把應對氣候變化、新污染物治理等作為國家基礎研究和科技創(chuàng)新重點領域，狠抓關鍵核心技術攻關，實施生態(tài)環(huán)境科技創(chuàng)新重大行動，培養(yǎng)造就一支高水平生態(tài)環(huán)境科技人才隊伍，深化人工智能等數(shù)字技術應用，構建美麗中國數(shù)字化治理體系，建設綠色智慧的數(shù)字生態(tài)文明。

習近平強調，建設美麗中國是全面建設社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家的重要目標，必須堅持和加強黨的全面領導。黨中央、國務院近期將對全面推進美麗中國建設作出系統(tǒng)部署。各地區(qū)各部門要不斷增強責任感、使命感，不折不扣貫徹落實黨中央決策部署。地方各級黨委和政府要堅決扛起美麗中國建設的政治責任，抓緊研究制定地方黨政領導干部生態(tài)環(huán)境保護責任制，建立覆蓋全面、權責一致、獎懲分明、環(huán)環(huán)相扣的責任體系。相關部門要認真落實生態(tài)文明建設責任清單，強化分工負責，加強協(xié)調聯(lián)動，形成齊抓共管的強大合力。各級人大及其常委會要加強生態(tài)文明保護法治建設和法律實施監(jiān)督，各級政協(xié)要加大生態(tài)文明建設專題協(xié)商和民主監(jiān)督力度。要繼續(xù)發(fā)揮中央生態(tài)環(huán)境保護督察利劍作用。

李強在主持會議時指出，習近平總書記的重要講話全面總結了我國生態(tài)文明建設取得的舉世矚目的巨大成就特別是歷史性、轉折性、全局性變化，深入分析了當前生態(tài)文明建設面臨的形勢，深刻闡述了新征程上推進生態(tài)文明建設需要處理好的重大關系，系統(tǒng)部署了全面推進美麗中國建設的戰(zhàn)略任務和重大舉措，為進一步加強生態(tài)環(huán)境保護、推進生態(tài)文明建設提供了方向指引和根本遵循。要認真學習領會、深入貫徹落實習近平總書記重要講話精神，深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義，堅決做到“兩個維護”，把貫徹落實會議精神和深入開展主題教育結合起來，進一步激發(fā)做好生態(tài)環(huán)境保護工作的強大動力，扎實推進生態(tài)文明建設，加快建設美麗中國。

丁薛祥在總結講話中指出，要深入學習貫徹黨的二十大精神和習近平總書記重要講話精神，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想特別是習近平生態(tài)文明思想為指導，堅決扛起美麗中國建設的政治責任，加快推進人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化。要持之以恒打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)，推動生態(tài)環(huán)境質量持續(xù)改善；把綠色低碳發(fā)展作為治本之策，加快形成節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境的空間格局、產(chǎn)業(yè)結構、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式；堅持人與自然和諧共生，加大生態(tài)保護和修復力度，完善生態(tài)保護修復監(jiān)管制度；瞄準既定目標積極穩(wěn)妥推進碳達峰碳中和，堅持先立后破，扎實推進能源綠色低碳轉型；強化底線思維，常態(tài)化管控生態(tài)環(huán)境風險，筑牢美麗中國建設的生態(tài)安全根基；保持嚴的基調，深入開展生態(tài)環(huán)境保護督察和執(zhí)法監(jiān)管，嚴厲打擊生態(tài)環(huán)境違法行為。各地區(qū)、各部門、各單位要加強組織領導，嚴格落實責任，強化支撐保障，確保黨中央決策部署落到實處、見到實效。

生態(tài)環(huán)境部、自然資源部、國家發(fā)展改革委、財政部、內蒙古自治區(qū)、浙江省、湖北省、廣西壯族自治區(qū)負責同志作交流發(fā)言。

中共中央政治局委員、中央書記處書記，全國人大常委會有關領導同志，國務委員，最高人民法院院長，最高人民檢察院檢察長，全國政協(xié)有關領導同志出席會議。

會議以電視電話會議形式召開，各省區(qū)市和計劃單列市、新疆生產(chǎn)建設兵團黨政主要負責同志和有關部門主要負責同志，中央和國家機關有關部門、有關人民團體、軍隊有關單位主要負責同志，中央管理的部分金融機構和企業(yè)負責同志等參加會議。

Xi stresses building Beautiful China, advancing modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature

The National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection was held in Beijing from Monday to Tuesday. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attended the conference and delivered an important speech. He stressed that the coming five years will be critical to the building of a Beautiful China. He emphasized the importance of thoroughly implementing the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, adhering to the people-centered principle, upholding and acting on the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and placing the building of a Beautiful China in a prominent position of building a great modern socialist country in all respects and rejuvenating the nation. Xi added that we should make remarkable achievements in promoting the significant improvement of urban and rural living environment and building a Beautiful China, support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, and accelerate the advancement of modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature.

Li Qiang presided over the conference. Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Li Xi attended the conference. Ding Xuexiang gave a concluding speech.

Xi stressed that since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have regarded ecological conservation as the fundamental strategy for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and carried out a series of groundbreaking work with unprecedented determination, intensity, and effectiveness. As a result, historic, transitional, and overall changes have taken place from theory to practice in ecological conservation, and major strides have been made in the building of a Beautiful China. Xi noted that by starting with addressing prominent ecological and environmental issues, focusing on combining work on selected spots with that of overall areas, and addressing both symptoms and root causes, we have achieved a significant transformation from remediation of major areas to systematic governance in this regard. By maintaining the change of mindset and making sure that responsibilities were fulfilled, and continuously strengthening the consciousness and initiative of the whole Party and the entire nation to promote ecological conservation, we have realized an important shift from passively responding to ecological issues to taking proactive actions to address them. By keeping abreast of the times, having world views, and shouldering its responsibilities as a major country, we have become a leader from a participant in global environmental governance. By constantly deepening our understanding of the laws regarding ecological conservation, we have developed the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, realizing a major shift from practical-exploration-based conservation to the one with theoretical guidance. These tenacious efforts have brought the country bluer skies, greener lands, cleaner waters, and a more colorful landscape. The achievements in ecological conservation in the new era have impressed the world and become a significant symbol of the historic achievements and changes the Party and the country have made in pursuit of its cause.

Xi underscored that our country still faces the structural, fundamental and sustained pressures in its ecological conservation and environmental protection. As the country's economic and social progress has entered a phase of ever-accelerating green and low-carbon high-quality development, ecological conservation is still under multiple pressures and has a lot of difficulties to overcome. It is thereby imperative to plan and promote work concerning ecological and environmental protection on the new journey from a higher position and with a broader vision and greater endeavors, so as to write a new chapter in the building of an ecological civilization for the new era.

While summing up its practical experience in the past ten years of the new era, and analyzing the new situation and problems it faces, China must adhere to the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and properly handle several key relationships when continuing its endeavors in ecological conservation, Xi said. First, when it comes to the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, development plans must be made on the basis of a harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. High-level environmental protection should help China continuously create new driving forces and new strengths for development, and commit itself to building a green, low-carbon and circular economy. In this way the country will effectively reduce resource and environmental costs, and continuously boost the potential and sustainability of its development. Second, when it comes to the relationship between tackling key challenges and coordinated governance, a holistic approach is essential. We should grasp the principal issues and the main aspect of these issues. Effective measures are needed to address prominent ecological and environmental issues. Meanwhile, it's imperative for departments from different regions to collaborate on setting up goals, controlling pollution of different kinds and sources, and formulating policies. In this way, work will be done in a more systematic, holistic and coordinated way. Third, when it comes to the relationship between natural rehabilitation and artificial restoration, it is essential to stick to the systematic protection and restoration of our mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts. We should aim at a bigger picture of ecological protection from the mountaintop to the ocean. The methods of natural rehabilitation and artificial restoration are both applicable, and different measures should be taken to deal with different local conditions at different times, in a bid to find the best solution for ecological conservation and restoration. Fourth, the relationship between external pressure and internal motivating power. When it comes to ecological conservation, we must have recourse to the strictest possible institutions and the strictest law enforcement to make external pressure something normal. Meanwhile, it's important to let the internal motivating power stimulate the whole society to participate in ecological conservation and environmental protection. Fifth, the relationship between the dual carbon reduction goals and our independent decisions. We will resolutely attain the dual goals we have promised, but we must make the decisions on our own when it comes to the path, methods, pace, and intensity to achieve them. No one should expect to exert influence on us.

Xi pointed out that we should continue to further the fight against pollution, and to take targeted measures and science-based approaches in accordance with the law. To keep improving the quality of our ecological environment, we should keep doing what we are doing now, and go deep in a bid to keep our skies blue, waters clear and lands pollution-free. Besides, we should accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of our development modes, maintain green and low-carbon development as the fundamental solution to ecological and environmental issues, accelerate the formation of green production modes and lifestyles, and lay a green foundation for high-quality development. Efforts should be made to improve the diversity, stability, and sustainability of the ecosystem, to protect it in an intensified manner, effectively strengthen the supervision of ecological system conservation and restoration, and expand the path of transforming lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets, so as to leave a beautiful ecological environment for future generations. It is necessary to actively and steadily promote carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality, follow the principles of exercising nationwide planning, prioritizing conservation, leveraging the strengths of the government and the market, coordinating efforts on the domestic and international fronts, and guarding against risks, implement carbon emissions peaking, carbon neutrality and the "1+N" policy framework, develop clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy sector, and accelerate the construction of a new electric power industry, boosting the national oil and gas security capabilities. We must hold the security bottom line of building a Beautiful China, implement the holistic approach to national security, actively and effectively respond to various risks and challenges, earnestly safeguard ecological security and nuclear and radiation safety, and ensure that the natural environment and conditions on which we depend for survival and development are not threatened or damaged.

Xi Jinping pointed out that the support system for building a Beautiful China needs to improve. We should coordinate resources in various fields, pool forces from all sides, and strike a combination of the rule of law, the market, science and technology, and policies. It is necessary to strengthen the guarantee of the rule of law, advance the revision of laws and regulations related to ecological environment, resources and energy in a coordinated manner, implement the strictest ecological and environmental governance system under which above-ground and underground conservation, land and sea protection are well coordinated and so are actions between regions, fully implement the pollution discharge permit system, improve the natural resource asset management system, and perfect the system for regulating the use of national land space. It is necessary to improve policies for green and low-carbon economic development, and strengthen fiscal support, tax policy support, financial support and pricing policy support. It is imperative to promote a better combination of efficient markets and competent government, and integrate resource and environmental factors such as carbon emission rights, energy use rights, water use rights, and pollutant discharge rights into the overall reform of market-oriented allocation of factors of production, support market transactions such as sales, transfer, mortgage and buying shares, speed up the efforts to build a supervision system on environmental protection credibility, standardize the environmental governance market, so as to boost the sound development of environmental protection industries and environmental services industries. We should strengthen technological support, boost self-reliance and strength in green and low-carbon science and technology, take the response to climate change, the control of new pollutants and others as key fields in our country's basic research and sci-tech innovation, focus on achieving breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields, carry out major actions on sci-tech innovation in ecological conservation, and cultivate a pool of high-level talented scientists in this regard. We should also advance the application of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, build a digital governance system for building a Beautiful China and boost green, intelligent and digital ecological conservation.

Xi stressed that building a Beautiful China is an important target for building a modern socialist country in all respects, and the Party's overall leadership in this regard must be upheld and strengthened. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council will soon make systematic arrangements for promoting the Beautiful China Initiative on all fronts. All regions and departments must strengthen their sense of responsibility and mission, and implement the Party Central Committee's decisions and plans to the letter. Party committees and governments in different localities at all levels must unswervingly shoulder their political responsibility for building a Beautiful China, lose no time in researching and establishing an accountability system for environmental protection covering leading officials of local Party committees and governments, and build a comprehensive and well-knit accountability system which ensures a correspondence between power and responsibility and keeps strictly the rules for reward and punishment. Relevant departments should conscientiously implement the list of responsibilities in terms of ecological conservation, intensify division of duties and strengthen coordination so as to form a strong synergy for joint management in this regard. The people's congresses at all levels and their standing committees should promote the rule of law in ecological conservation and strengthen the implementation and supervision of related laws, and the committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference at all levels should intensify the efforts to conduct special consultation and democratic oversight in boosting ecological conservation. We should also continue to ensure that central government environmental inspections serve as a powerful tool.

When presiding over the meeting, Li Qiang noted that General Secretary Xi Jinping comprehensively summarized in his speech the remarkable achievements China has made in ecological conservation, especially the historic, transitional and holistic changes in this regard. Xi also made an in-depth analysis of the current situation in promoting ecological conservation, expounded upon the key relationships in advancing the ecological conservation on the new journey, and systematically developed strategic plans of building a Beautiful China in an all-round way. All these provide us with a compass on how to advance the environmental protection and ecological conservation. We should thoroughly study, understand and act in accordance with the gist of General Secretary Xi's speech, understand the significance of the establishment of both Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, remain committed to upholding Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. It is essential to combine theoretical study programs with implementing the gist of this meeting and further motivate the public to be involved in environmental protection so as to make solid progress in ecological conservation and accelerate the building of a Beautiful China.

Ding Xuexiang in his concluding remarks noted that we should further study and implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the gist of General Secretary Xi's speech, firmly shoulder the political responsibility of building a Beautiful China under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially his thought on ecological conservation so as to speed up the country's modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature. We should remain committed to advancing the critical battle against pollution so as to achieve the continuous improvement in ecological environment. Green and low-carbon development should be considered as a fundamental way to accelerate the formation of the space layout, industrial structure, way of production and lifestyle that is conducive to conserving resources and protecting the environment. We should adhere to the notion of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature and step up efforts in ecological conservation and restoration. We should improve supervision and regulation of ecosystem protection and restoration. We should work actively and prudently toward the goals of carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality and make solid progress in energy transition to being green and low-carbon in line with the principle of building the new before discarding the old. We should be well prepared for worst-case scenarios, and manage and control potential risks in the ecological environment on a regular basis to lay a solid foundation of ecological security for building a Beautiful China. Environmental inspections and supervision of law enforcement in this regard must be strict to crack down on illegal activities in ecological conservation and environmental protection. All regions, departments and units must strengthen organizational leadership, strictly position responsibilities, and strengthen support for concrete and effective implementation of the CPC Central Committee's decisions and plans.

Leading officials from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, as well as leading officials from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province, Hubei Province, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region delivered speeches.

Members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, members of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, relevant leading members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, state councilors, president of the Supreme People's Court, procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and relevant leading members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference attended the meeting.

The meeting was held via video and telephone. Also present were leading officials from different provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, cities specifically designated in the state plan, and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, leading officials from relevant central Party and government departments, people's organizations, military units, as well as leading officials from some financial institutions and enterprises under the direct auspices of the central government.