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BBC Learning English 英語(yǔ)教學(xué)

你問(wèn)我答

 

搭配辨析:more… than… 和 rather… than…

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一位網(wǎng)友想知道如何區(qū)分搭配 “more… than…” 和 “rather… than…” 之間的不同之處。這兩個(gè)難度較高的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)在日常會(huì)話中很常見(jiàn)。雖然兩者都包含單詞 “than”,但它們的含義和用法完全不同。本期節(jié)目教你如何使用這兩個(gè)搭配。

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(關(guān)于臺(tái)詞的備注: 請(qǐng)注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過(guò)程中對(duì)節(jié)目做出的改變。)

Jiaying
大家好,歡迎收聽(tīng) BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的 “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目,我是佳瑩。 

Beth
And I'm Beth. 

Jiaying
在本期節(jié)目中,我們要回答的問(wèn)題來(lái)自一位網(wǎng)友,問(wèn)題由我來(lái)代讀。 

Question
您好,我對(duì)于 “more… than…” 和 “rather… than…” 這兩個(gè)搭配的翻譯和強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象很是迷茫,看的參考書(shū)無(wú)法很好地解決,所以向您尋求幫助。

Jiaying
謝謝這位網(wǎng)友發(fā)來(lái)的問(wèn)題。注意:本期節(jié)目中要講解的兩個(gè)搭配并不是連在一起的 “more than” 以及 “rather than”,而是分開(kāi)的兩個(gè)搭配。每個(gè)搭配中,單詞 “than” 的前后需要有不同的成分。但是為了方便大家的理解,我們將把這兩個(gè)搭配分別讀成 “more… than…” 和 “rather… than…”。

Beth
These structures with 'than' are quite advanced and are common in spoken English. 

Jiaying
That's right. 雖然 “more… than…” 和 “rather… than…” 都包含 “than”,但它們的用法不同。 

Beth
Let's look at 'more… than…'. This is a comparative and can be used to correct or add more information to what someone else has just said. 

Jiaying
“More… than…” 的意思相當(dāng)于 “與其說(shuō)…,倒不如說(shuō)…”,是一個(gè)比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),可以用來(lái)糾正或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明他人說(shuō)過(guò)的內(nèi)容。“More… than…” 可以用于說(shuō)明事實(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)另一個(gè)人對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的陳述存在偏差。來(lái)聽(tīng)一段對(duì)話。 

Example
A: Is it cold?
天冷嗎?

B: No. It's more stormy than cold.
不冷。與其說(shuō)冷,不如應(yīng)該說(shuō)在下暴風(fēng)雨。 

Jiaying
對(duì)話中的男士用搭配 “more stormy than cold(與其說(shuō)冷,倒不如說(shuō)有暴風(fēng)雨)”。換句話說(shuō),這位男士認(rèn)為對(duì)現(xiàn)在天氣情況更準(zhǔn)確的描述并不是氣溫的高低,而是 “stormy(有暴風(fēng)雨的)”。 

Beth
Yes, 'stormy' is more of a focus than the temperature, so the emphasis is on this adjective. Therefore, the speaker says the main weather description, 'stormy', before what it's being compared to, 'cold'. 

Jiaying
Yes. 我們?cè)賮?lái)聽(tīng)一個(gè)使用了搭配 “more… than…” 的例句。 

Example
Liu Jun, I know you said it's sugary, but it tastes more bitter than sweet.
(劉俊,我知道你說(shuō)這東西很甜,但與其說(shuō)甜,它其實(shí)是苦。) 

Jiaying
從這句話中可以看出,劉俊嘗了某個(gè)食物之后說(shuō)很甜,但說(shuō)話人卻用 “more bitter than sweet” 來(lái)表示他覺(jué)得 “與其說(shuō)甜,其實(shí)是苦”。

Beth
Yes, the speaker is describing food. They are contrasting what Liu Jun said, that it is sugary, with what they can taste now, which is bitterness. 

Jiaying
是的。注意:在 “more… than…” 的結(jié)構(gòu)中,“more” 的后面接 “事物的顯著特征”,而 “than” 后面接的是 “與事實(shí)有偏差的描述”。 

Beth
We can also use this structure to give our opinions, especially when we have a different opinion to someone else. 

Jiaying
“More… than…” 還可以用來(lái)提出我們對(duì)某件事情或事物的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),特別是當(dāng)我們與他人的觀點(diǎn)不同的時(shí)候。來(lái)聽(tīng)一段對(duì)話。 

Example
A: I love this dress. It's so cute!
我真的很喜歡這件連衣裙。它實(shí)在太可愛(ài)了。

B: Hmm, I'd say it's more elegant than cute.
我覺(jué)得與其說(shuō)這件連衣裙可愛(ài),倒不如說(shuō)它很優(yōu)雅。 

Beth
Here, the woman thinks the dress is 'cute'. The man thinks a better description is 'elegant'. 

Jiaying
對(duì)話中的男士用搭配 “more elegant than cute” 表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)與這位女士不同,這位男士認(rèn)為描述這件連衣裙的形容詞用 “elegant(優(yōu)雅的)” 要比用 “cute(精致可愛(ài)的)” 更合適。 

Beth
Now, let's look at 'rather… than…'. This construction is used with pronouns and is part of a fixed phrase that doesn't have a subject, like 'rather you than me'. 

Jiaying
是的。我們把 “rather… than…” 與人稱(chēng)代詞搭配使用,表示說(shuō)話人 “想讓另一個(gè)人而不是自己做某件事情”。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)例句。 

Example
I'd hate to work for that department. Rather him than me.
(我可不想去那個(gè)部門(mén)工作。更適合他,不適合我。) 

Beth
The speaker would not like to work for this department, and the speaker is expressing that they would not like to work where the man does. 

Jiaying
說(shuō)話人用 “rather him than me” 來(lái)表達(dá)自己不愿意去給那個(gè)部門(mén)工作,“還是他去吧,我可不去;他去總比我去好”。再來(lái)聽(tīng)一個(gè)例句。

Example
Sharing a flat with eight other people? Rather you than me!
(和八個(gè)人同住一個(gè)公寓?還是你來(lái)吧,我就算了!) 

Beth
Again, the opinion of the speaker is that they would not like to share a flat with eight others. 

Jiaying
說(shuō)話人用搭配 “rather you than me” 來(lái)表示 “(自己)不想與八人同住一個(gè)公寓”,所以 “還是你來(lái)吧,我就算了”。 

Beth
OK, Jiaying. Let's summarise. 

Jiaying
好的,歸納一下:搭配 “more… than…” 的意思是 “與其說(shuō)…,倒不如說(shuō)…”,用來(lái)表達(dá)他人的陳述與事實(shí)有偏差,或兩人的觀點(diǎn)之間是有差別的;搭配 “rather… than…” 的意思是 “他做總比我做好”,表達(dá)說(shuō)話人不想做一件另一個(gè)人可能要做的事情。 

Beth
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Jiaying
你也可以通過(guò)微博向我們提問(wèn)。我們的微博賬號(hào)是 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)”。Bye, everyone. 

Beth
Bye!

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