3.防作弊措施
anti-cheating measures

A student goes through a metal detector in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. [Photo/IC]

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High-tech anti-cheating measures such as facial recognition and fingerprint verification systems, will be used for the first time in many places for this year's gaokao, or national college entrance exam.
今年高考期間，多地將首次采取人臉識別、指紋驗證系統(tǒng)等高科技防作弊措施。

2015年11月1日起正式實施(come into force)的《刑法修正案(九)》(the 9th Amendment to Criminal Law)明確，在法律規(guī)定的國家考試(national test/exam)中，組織作弊的(those who organize cheating)，處三年以下有期徒刑(jail time of less than three years)或者拘役(detention)，并處或者單處罰金(concurrent or separate fines)；情節(jié)嚴重的(extreme violations of the rule against cheating)，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并處罰金。作為"作弊入刑(cheating in national exams listed as a criminal act)"后的首次高考，不少媒體將今年的考場紀律(discipline)稱為"史上最嚴(the strictest ever)"。

此前，教育部印發(fā)規(guī)定，提出試卷運送車輛(vehicles used for transporting test papers)須加裝視頻監(jiān)控設備(be equipped with video surveillance devices)或使用GPS、GPRS、RFID等技術(shù)手段，確保教育考試機構(gòu)全程監(jiān)控試卷運送(monitor the vehicles during transportation)?？荚嚻陂g，每個考場(every test room)內(nèi)配備2名以上監(jiān)考員(test supervisors)，考場外設若干流動監(jiān)考員。要結(jié)合各地實際，采用二代身份證現(xiàn)場報名確認(identity verification on the site)、現(xiàn)場采集照片(photo taking)和指紋或指靜脈等生物特征、及時進行信息比對(timely data match)等措施嚴防替考(surrogate exam-taking)。

今年高考期間，不少地區(qū)還將把高科技引入了考場，用于提升考場作弊防控系統(tǒng)。廣東、湖北省將采用人臉識別(facial recognition)系統(tǒng)、指紋驗證(fingerprint verification)系統(tǒng)、金屬探測器(metal detector)、電子監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)(electronic monitoring system)等高科技手段。湖北、海南等地禁止佩戴手表進入考場(watches are forbidden in exam rooms)。海南還要求，在考試過程中，如有考生如廁后返回考場(come back to the test room from the toilet)，監(jiān)考員應在視頻監(jiān)控下(under video surveillance)用手柄式金屬探測器(hand-held metal monitor)(聲音設置為震動報警模式)對考生重新進行安檢。

[相關詞匯]

考生 examinee/exam-taker/candidate

替考者 surrogate exam-taker

高科技作弊 hi-tech cheating

槍手 ghost writer/test-taker

臨時抱佛腳 cramming

死記硬背 rote learning

學術(shù)不端 academic misconduct

抄襲 plagiarism