>'Single-use' word of the year
柯林斯詞典年度詞出爐
Widespread concern about environmental degradation caused by discarded plastics has led Britain's Collins Dictionary to name "single-use" as its English-language word of the year for 2018. It beats "MeToo" and "whitewash" to take first place in the top 10 list released on Wednesday. Collins said each nominated word "reflects an ever-evolving culture and the preoccupations of those who use it". Collins said "single-use", which describes one-use-only items "whose unchecked proliferation are blamed for damaging the environment and affecting the food chain", has undergone a fourfold increase in usage since 2013. "Vegan", a word describing people who avoid animal products, and "plogging", a fitness craze born in Scandinavia that combines jogging with picking up litter, were other environment-related words to make the list. Helen Newstead, Collins' head of language content, said: "This has been a year where awareness and often anger over a variety of issues has led to the rise of new words and the revitalization and adaptation of old ones."
廢棄塑料導(dǎo)致的環(huán)境退化引發(fā)廣泛擔(dān)憂，這促使英國柯林斯詞典將"single-use(一次性的)"評為其2018年年度英語詞匯。在7日公布的前10名單中，single-use擊敗MeToo("我也是"運(yùn)動)和whitewash(洗白，即由白人演員飾演少數(shù)族裔角色)奪魁?？铝炙狗Q，每個候選詞匯都"反映了不斷發(fā)展的文化及其使用者關(guān)注的事物"?？铝炙贡硎?，single-use是描述一次性用品的詞匯，自2013年以來其使用頻率提高了4倍。一次性用品的肆意泛濫被認(rèn)為是破壞環(huán)境、影響食物鏈的原因。進(jìn)入候選名單的環(huán)境相關(guān)詞匯還有vegan(素食主義者，不食用動物制品的人)和plogging(發(fā)源于斯堪的納維亞的邊慢跑邊撿垃圾的健身熱)。柯林斯的語言內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)人紐斯特德稱，今年，公眾對種種問題的的認(rèn)知、通常是憤怒使新詞涌現(xiàn)，也讓舊詞重新流行、衍生新義。

>Summit coin typo-laden
'特普會'紀(jì)念幣拼寫出錯
The White House has issued a new commemorative coin in honor of the summit between US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Helsinki in July, which has attracted attention on social media for unintended reasons. The coin, now available at the White House gift shop for $100, features portraits of the two presidents on one side and the image of Helsinki Cathedral on the other. However, it was several phrases in Russian featured on the coin's reverse which attracted the attention of social media users due to some glaring typos they contained: "diplomatic mission" was spelled with one more "d" than necessary ("ddiplomatic"); the phrase "novoye era" ("new era") has incorrect gender agreement, and should've been "novaya era" instead; and the summit itself was described as "Helpinskiy" instead of "Helsinskiy". Also, Trump's quote engraved on the coin ("the past does not have to define our future") was apparently actually delivered by the US president during his meeting with DPRK leader Kim Jong-un in June, as NPR correspondent Alina Selyukh observed.
為紀(jì)念美國總統(tǒng)特朗普和俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京7月在赫爾辛基進(jìn)行的會晤，白宮近日發(fā)行一款新的紀(jì)念幣，這款紀(jì)念幣在社交媒體上受到"意外關(guān)注"。"特普會"紀(jì)念幣一面印有兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人頭像，另一面的圖案是赫爾辛基大教堂，現(xiàn)已在白宮禮品店銷售，售價100美元。但引起社交媒體用戶關(guān)注的卻是紀(jì)念幣背面的幾個俄語短語，因?yàn)槠渲泻卸嗵幟黠@的拼寫錯誤：diplomatic mission(外交使命)中的diplomatic多了一個d，成了ddiplomatic；novoye era(新時代)中形容詞與名詞的性不一致，應(yīng)當(dāng)是novaya era；赫爾辛基會晤的Helsinskiy也被錯寫成了Helpinskiy。此外，美國國家公共電臺記者艾莉娜指出，紀(jì)念幣上刻有特朗普的一句話："過去不必定義我們的未來"，這句話顯然是他6月與朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人金正恩會晤時所說。

>Suit against 'pH Miracle' author
'酸堿理論'大師走下神壇
A San Diego jury sided against the author of the bestselling "pH Miracle" books this week, ordering him to pay $105 million to a cancer patient who said the author held himself out as a doctor and counseled her to forgo traditional medical treatment. The large award - more than double what the woman had sought - comes roughly 16 months after a criminal case ended with the author, Robert Oldham Young, going to jail for a few months for practicing medicine without a license. The criminal case highlighted his controversial theories and the pricy treatments he offered to seriously ill or dying patients, who in some cases were given intravenous fluids mixed with baking soda at $500 a pop. Young has written several books, including "The pH Miracle: Balance Your Diet, Reclaim Your Health". First published in 2002, his flagship book has been translated into several languages. Young's works and treatments were based on the theory that acidity in the body is the cause of disease and that an alkaline diet is the answer.
本周，暢銷書《酸堿奇跡》的作者羅伯特?歐?陽被美國圣地亞哥的一個陪審團(tuán)判處賠償一位癌癥患者1.05億美元，這位女病患稱，羅伯特號稱自己是醫(yī)生，并建議她放棄傳統(tǒng)治療方案。這一巨額賠償金額較原告的索賠金額翻了一倍多。約16個月前，在一樁刑事案件中，羅伯特因無照行醫(yī)被判處數(shù)月監(jiān)禁。羅伯特向病情嚴(yán)重或?yàn)l死病人宣傳的充滿爭議的理論以及他提供的價格高昂的療法在這樁刑事案件中成為焦點(diǎn)，他有時給病人注射靜脈注射液和小蘇打的混合物，而每支針劑的費(fèi)用達(dá)500美元。羅伯特是包括《酸堿奇跡：平衡飲食，恢復(fù)健康》在內(nèi)的數(shù)本書的作者。這本出版于2002年的旗艦書被翻譯成了多種文字。羅伯特的書以及療法都是基于"身體酸度是疾病成因，堿性飲食可以治病"的理論。

>570,000 short videos removed
15平臺下架57萬短視頻
A total of 15 major Chinese online video-sharing platforms have collectively taken down 570,000 short videos involving copyright infringements, China's copyright authority announced Wednesday. Noting existing copyright problems among the 15 major video-sharing platforms, the National Copyright Administration summoned representatives from companies such as Douyin, Kuaishou, Pear Video and Bilibili over copyright concerns in September. The authority asked the platforms to strengthen copyright management of their content to ensure all copyrighted videos, music, photos and text are published with proper authorization. Copyright supervision will be further strengthened in order to facilitate the healthy development of the short video industry, the administration said.
國家版權(quán)局7日宣布，國內(nèi)共15家重點(diǎn)在線視頻分享平臺共下架涉嫌侵權(quán)盜版短視頻作品57萬部。9月，國家版權(quán)局就這15家重點(diǎn)視頻分享平臺存在的版權(quán)問題，約談了抖音、快手、梨視頻、嗶哩嗶哩等企業(yè)的代表。國家版權(quán)局要求上述平臺加強(qiáng)內(nèi)容版權(quán)管理，以保證所有受版權(quán)保護(hù)的視頻、音樂、圖片和文字均在經(jīng)適當(dāng)授權(quán)的情況下發(fā)布。國家版權(quán)局稱，將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)版權(quán)監(jiān)管，以促進(jìn)短視頻行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。

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