人類一直在與艾滋病進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)，但至今未能研制出能夠徹底治愈的特效藥物。最近科學(xué)界傳來(lái)好消息，研究人員成功清除小鼠體內(nèi)的艾滋病毒，或?qū)㈤_(kāi)啟臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)，這意味著艾滋病有望被治愈。

Researchers who eliminated HIV from mice say their results are an important advance in efforts to develop a cure for HIV infection in people.

研究人員近日清除了小鼠體內(nèi)的艾滋病毒，并表示這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果是在研究治愈人類艾滋病毒感染方面取得的重要進(jìn)展。

This is the first time that the AIDS-causing virus has been eradicated from the genomes of living animals, according to the authors of the study.

研究報(bào)告的作者稱，這是人類首次從活體動(dòng)物的基因組中完全消除艾滋病毒。

genome ['d?i?n??m]：基因組；染色體組

"Our study shows that treatment to suppress HIV replication and gene editing therapy, when given sequentially, can eliminate HIV from cells and organs of infected animals," said co-senior author Kamel Khalili, professor and chair of neuroscience at Temple University in Philadelphia.

“我們的研究表明，循序進(jìn)行抑制艾滋病毒復(fù)制的治療和基因編輯治療可以消除被感染動(dòng)物體內(nèi)細(xì)胞和器官中的艾滋病毒”，費(fèi)城天普大學(xué)神經(jīng)科學(xué)教授兼主任、論文資深合著者卡邁勒?卡利利說(shuō)。

The work was a collaboration with researchers at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.

這項(xiàng)工作是與內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的研究人員合作完成的。

Current HIV treatment uses antiretroviral therapy (ART), which suppresses HIV replication but does not eliminate the virus from the body. ART is not a cure for HIV and requires lifelong use.

目前的艾滋病毒治療使用抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒療法，可以抑制艾滋病毒的復(fù)制，但無(wú)法將病毒從體內(nèi)消除?？鼓孓D(zhuǎn)錄病毒療法不能治愈艾滋病毒，需要終生使用。

antiretroviral [??nt??r?tr???va?r?l]：adj.抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒的

In this study, the researchers used a gene editing system called CRISPR-Cas9 to remove large fragments of HIV DNA from infected cells, along with a new drug regimen called long-acting slow-effective release (LASER) ART.

在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員使用了一種名為CRISPR-Cas9的基因編輯系統(tǒng)，從受感染的細(xì)胞中去除較大的艾滋病毒脫氧核糖核酸片段，同時(shí)使用了一種名為長(zhǎng)效緩釋（激光）的新藥療法。

In this therapy, antiretroviral drugs are placed in nanocrystals that travel to tissues where HIV is likely to be lying dormant. The nanocrystals are stored within cells for weeks and slowly release the drugs.

在治療過(guò)程中，抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物被放置在納米晶體中，并被運(yùn)送到可能潛伏著艾滋病毒的組織。納米晶體被儲(chǔ)存在細(xì)胞內(nèi)數(shù)周，緩慢釋放藥物。

nanocrystal：n.納米晶體

dormant ['d??m(?)nt]：adj.休眠的；靜止的；睡眠狀態(tài)的；隱匿的

Mice with HIV were first treated with LASER ART and then with gene editing. This approach eliminated HIV DNA from about one-third of the mice. However, research on animals may not produce the same results in humans.

研究人員首先用激光抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒療法治療感染艾滋病毒的小鼠，之后使用基因編輯技術(shù)。這種治療方法消除了約三分之一小鼠體內(nèi)的艾滋病毒脫氧核糖核酸。然而，對(duì)動(dòng)物的研究可能不會(huì)在人類身上達(dá)到相同的效果。

"The big message of this work is that it takes both CRISPR-Cas9 and virus suppression through a method such as LASER ART, administered together, to produce a cure for HIV infection," Khalili said in a university news release.

卡利利在一份大學(xué)新聞稿中說(shuō):“這一研究的重要信息是，它需要使用CRISPR-Cas9基因編輯，并通過(guò)激光抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒療法等方法抑制病毒，兩種方法一起使用，才能治愈艾滋病毒感染?！?/p>

"We now have a clear path to move ahead to trials in nonhuman primates and possibly clinical trials in human patients within the year," added Khalili, who also directs Temple's neurovirology center and its neuroAIDS center.

“現(xiàn)在我們有一條清晰的道路，我們可以在年內(nèi)對(duì)靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，也可能對(duì)艾滋病感染者進(jìn)行臨床試驗(yàn)”，同時(shí)主管天普大學(xué)神經(jīng)病毒學(xué)中心和神經(jīng)艾滋病中心的卡利利補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。

The results were published online July 2 in the journal Nature Communications.

該研究結(jié)果于7月2日發(fā)表在《自然通訊》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上。

英文來(lái)源：cbsnews

翻譯&編輯：yaning