新冠肺炎疫情打亂了很多行業(yè)的陣腳。很多餐飲企業(yè)遭遇寒冬，門庭冷落客流稀少；新零售企業(yè)的線上訂單卻呈爆發(fā)式增長(zhǎng)，人手出現(xiàn)短缺，于是出現(xiàn)了“共享員工”這一新的用工模式。

Several Chinese companies are temporarily hiring — or “sharing” — employees from businesses that haven’t resumed operations or are only partially operating due to concerns over the novel coronavirus epidemic. The so-called shared employees, known as gongxiang yuangong in Chinese, are being hired by supermarkets, e-commerce platforms’ retail stores, and other companies or factories to ease the workforce crunch.
我國(guó)多家企業(yè)正在臨時(shí)雇用因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔槎鴽](méi)有復(fù)工或僅部分復(fù)工企業(yè)的員工。這些員工被稱為“共享員工”，他們受雇于超市、電商零售店以及其他公司或工廠以緩解用工荒。

2月初，盒馬鮮生超市發(fā)布公告，宣布接納云海肴、青年餐廳的部分員工入駐盒馬門店工作，相關(guān)合作涉及上海、北京、南京等多地，共計(jì)近500人。

According to domestic media outlet National Business Daily, more than 3,000 new employees had joined Hema as of Feb 19, while over 4,000 people had signed up for the “talent-sharing” plan under Suning’s logistics arm as of Feb 21. The American supermarket chain Walmart has also joined in the trend, hiring more than 3,000 temporary workers from other sectors to work at its branches in cities like Beijing, Fuzhou, and Shenzhen.
據(jù)《每日經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞》報(bào)道，截至2月19日，已經(jīng)有3000多名員工加入盒馬鮮生；截至2月21日，有4000多人加入蘇寧旗下物流公司的“人才共享”計(jì)劃。美國(guó)連鎖超市沃爾瑪也加入這一行列，從其他行業(yè)臨時(shí)雇用了3000多名員工在其北京、福州以及深圳的分店工作。

此外，京東7FRESH、永輝等多家零售企業(yè)以及哈啰出行等共享單車企業(yè)也陸續(xù)發(fā)布“員工共享”計(jì)劃，向臨時(shí)歇業(yè)的餐飲、酒店、影院等企業(yè)員工發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，以期抱團(tuán)取暖，共克時(shí)艱。

Bike-sharing company Hellobike has opened 8,000 positions nationwide for bicycle maintenance, according to state-owned Xinhua News Agency. In Hefei, capital of the eastern Anhui province, Hellobike is seeking 300 temporary workers, while 40 employees from a local hotel have started working at an industrial park on one-month contracts.
據(jù)新華社報(bào)道，共享單車企業(yè)哈啰出行已面向全國(guó)發(fā)出8000個(gè)自行車維護(hù)崗位。在安徽省合肥市，哈啰出行正在招募300名臨時(shí)員工，與此同時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)匾患屹e館的40名員工已經(jīng)在一個(gè)工業(yè)園上崗，合同期為一個(gè)月。

中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院執(zhí)行院長(zhǎng)盤和林指出，“共享員工（employee sharing）”在暫時(shí)勞動(dòng)力過(guò)剩的傳統(tǒng)餐飲業(yè)與暫時(shí)勞動(dòng)力緊缺的新興電商零售平臺(tái)之間激發(fā)了勞動(dòng)共享，傳統(tǒng)餐飲企業(yè)、電商零售平臺(tái)和員工三方都解了燃眉之急（address the pressing need of traditional catering enterprises, e-commerce platforms and workers）。

不過(guò)，“共享員工”模式可能存在的用工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也引發(fā)了關(guān)注。

業(yè)內(nèi)人士認(rèn)為，在勞務(wù)關(guān)系下，“共享員工”模式屬于跨行業(yè)借調(diào)用工的模式，即社保仍由原單位繳納、工資由借用單位承擔(dān)并由原單位負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)放。

Yao Junchang, a lawyer with Beijing Weiheng Law Firm, told Workers’ Daily that companies hiring temporary workers should include detailed provisions in their agreements, including the duration of employment, salary and policy for work-related injury compensation.
北京煒衡律師事務(wù)所合伙人姚均昌律師在接受《工人日?qǐng)?bào)》記者采訪時(shí)指出，企業(yè)應(yīng)該就員工的雇用期限、工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、工傷賠償責(zé)任承擔(dān)等方面作出具體約定。

“At the same time, the companies lending the employees should sign a complete secondment arrangement, pay employees in full, and pay social security on time,” he said. “Employees should pay more attention to safety precautions and require a tripartite agreement or labor agreement to be signed during the temporary employment period and keep records as evidence.”
同時(shí)，借出企業(yè)要簽訂完善的借調(diào)協(xié)議、及時(shí)足額為員工繳納社保并支付工資，保障員工的合法權(quán)益；員工應(yīng)更注重安全防護(hù)，借調(diào)期間應(yīng)當(dāng)要求簽訂三方協(xié)議或勞務(wù)協(xié)議，保留好工作記錄和證據(jù)。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

共享經(jīng)濟(jì) sharing economy

用工荒 workforce crunch

靈活就業(yè) flexible employment

勞務(wù)派遣 labor dispatch

借調(diào) secondment

參考來(lái)源：光明日?qǐng)?bào)、新華網(wǎng)、Sixth Tone

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）