近日《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》用整個(gè)頭版的版面等比例展示了美國(guó)近年來(lái)的失業(yè)率變化情況。曲線(xiàn)圖顯示，今年四月美國(guó)失業(yè)人數(shù)“飛流直下三千尺”，整個(gè)豎版差點(diǎn)放不下。美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)日前公布的調(diào)查報(bào)告也顯示，受疫情影響，二月至四月美國(guó)失業(yè)率驚人，但是損失最慘重的還是低收入勞動(dòng)者，失業(yè)率高達(dá)近40%。

Nearly 40% of lower-income Americans lost work as the coronavirus pandemic began its assault on the US economy, according to the Federal Reserve.

美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備委員會(huì)稱(chēng)，隨著新冠疫情開(kāi)始對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生影響，近40%的美國(guó)低收入者失去了工作。

One in 5 adults who were working in February reported being laid off or furloughed in March or early April, according to a Fed report published Thursday.

根據(jù)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)周四（5月14日）發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告，二月份在職的成年人有五分之一在三月份或四月初被解雇或停職。

furlough[?f??rlo?]: vt. （因無(wú)足夠工作可做而）停職（某段時(shí)間）；暫時(shí)解雇

However, the economic downturn disproportionately affected lower-income Americans.

然而，經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷對(duì)低收入美國(guó)人的影響要嚴(yán)重得多。

Thirty-nine percent of people with a household income below $40,000 lost work over that period, according to the report, an annual survey of US household finances.

這份對(duì)美國(guó)家庭財(cái)務(wù)狀況的年度調(diào)查報(bào)告稱(chēng)，這一期間家庭收入在4萬(wàn)美元（約合人民幣28萬(wàn)元）以下的人有39%失業(yè)了。

Conversely, that was true for just 19% of Americans with a household income between $40,000 and $100,000, according to a Fed spokesperson.

美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的一名發(fā)言人稱(chēng)，相反地，家庭收入在4萬(wàn)美元到10萬(wàn)美元之間的人只有19%失業(yè)了。

For those with an income exceeding $100,000, the disparity was even greater: Only 13% lost work.

對(duì)于那些收入在10萬(wàn)美元以上的人來(lái)說(shuō)，差異就更明顯了：只有13%的人失業(yè)了。

This data doesn’t capture the millions of Americans who have lost their jobs since early April.

這一數(shù)據(jù)并沒(méi)有涵蓋四月初以來(lái)失業(yè)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)美國(guó)人。

More than 36 million Americans have applied for unemployment benefits over the past two months.

過(guò)去兩個(gè)月以來(lái)，超3600萬(wàn)的美國(guó)人已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)了失業(yè)救濟(jì)金。

The unemployment rate soared to 14.7% in April, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. That’s the highest level since the Great Depression, when the unemployment rate is estimated to have exceeded 20%.

根據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，四月份的失業(yè)率飆升到了14.7%。這是自大蕭條時(shí)代以來(lái)的最高水平，據(jù)估計(jì)當(dāng)時(shí)的失業(yè)率超過(guò)了20%。

The leisure and hospitality industry, which pays the lowest average hourly wage compared with other industries, has experienced the most layoffs compared with other sectors of the economy, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data.

根據(jù)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，相比其他經(jīng)濟(jì)部門(mén)，平均時(shí)薪最低的休閑和酒店業(yè)解雇的人最多。

Employment loss has substantially impacted the financial well-being of families, according to the Fed.

美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)稱(chēng)，失業(yè)極大地影響了家庭的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。

Among those who lost a job or had their hours reduced, 70% reported an income decline, impacting their ability to pay bills.

在那些失業(yè)或工作時(shí)間減少的人當(dāng)中，70%報(bào)告稱(chēng)自己的收入降低，影響到了支付賬單的能力。

Only 64% of those with a job loss or reduction in hours expected to be able to pay their bills in full in April, compared with 85% of those without an employment disruption, according to the Fed.

根據(jù)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的調(diào)查，失業(yè)或工作時(shí)間減少的人群中，只有64%的人預(yù)期可以全額支付四月份的賬單，相比之下，沒(méi)有失業(yè)的人有85%可以全額支付。

英文來(lái)源：CNBC

翻譯&編輯：丹妮