繼全球239名科學(xué)家發(fā)表公開(kāi)信呼吁世界衛(wèi)生組織重視新冠病毒空氣傳播后，日前世界衛(wèi)生組織發(fā)布新指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)稱，不排除新冠病毒在室內(nèi)通過(guò)空氣微粒傳播的可能性，但還需要進(jìn)一步調(diào)查來(lái)證實(shí)。

The World Health Organization published new guidance Thursday, saying it can’t rule out the possibility that the coronavirus can be transmitted through air particles in closed spaces indoors, including in gyms and restaurants.

世界衛(wèi)生組織周四（7月9日）發(fā)布新指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)稱，不能排除新冠病毒在健身館和餐廳等密閉室內(nèi)空間通過(guò)空氣微粒傳播的可能性。

The WHO previously acknowledged that the virus may become airborne in certain environments, such as during “medical procedures that generate aerosols.” The new guidance recognizes some research that suggests the virus may be able to spread through particles in the air in “indoor crowded spaces.” It cited “choir practice, in restaurants or in fitness classes” as possible areas of airborne transmission.

世界衛(wèi)生組織此前承認(rèn)，新冠病毒可能會(huì)在特定環(huán)境中通過(guò)空氣傳播，比如在“能產(chǎn)生氣溶膠的醫(yī)療過(guò)程中”。新指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)認(rèn)可了一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即病毒可能會(huì)在“室內(nèi)擁擠空間”中通過(guò)空氣中的微粒傳播。意見(jiàn)援引了“唱詩(shī)班、餐廳或健身課”作為可能出現(xiàn)空氣傳播的地方。

aerosol [?er?sɑ?l]: n.氣溶膠

"In these events, short-range aerosol transmission, particularly in specific indoor locations, such as crowded and inadequately ventilated spaces over a prolonged period of time with infected persons cannot be ruled out,” the United Nations health agency’s new guidance said.

世界衛(wèi)生組織的這份新指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)稱：“在這些情況下，不能排除感染者長(zhǎng)時(shí)間待過(guò)的特定室內(nèi)場(chǎng)所，比如擁擠且通風(fēng)不良的空間”，會(huì)出現(xiàn)短程的氣溶膠傳播。”

The WHO said in its guidance that while early evidence suggests the possibility of airborne transmission in such environments, spread by droplets and surfaces could also explain transmission in those cases.

世界衛(wèi)生組織在指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)中表示，盡管早期證據(jù)顯示這些環(huán)境中有可能出現(xiàn)空氣傳播，但飛沫和表面?zhèn)鞑ヒ部梢越忉屵@些情況。

"However, the detailed investigations of these clusters suggest that droplet and fomite transmission could also explain human-to-human transmission within these clusters,” the guidance said.

指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)中寫道：“然而，對(duì)這些聚集性病例的詳盡調(diào)查顯示，飛沫和污染物傳播也可以解釋這些聚集性病例的人際傳播?！?/p>

fomite ['fo,ma?t]: n. 污染物

The WHO added that more research is needed to further investigate preliminary findings. The agency said the main mode of transmission is still believed to be through respiratory droplets.

世界衛(wèi)生組織補(bǔ)充道，還需要更多研究來(lái)進(jìn)一步調(diào)查這些初步發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前仍然認(rèn)為主要傳播途徑是通過(guò)呼吸道產(chǎn)生的飛沫。

Airborne transmission of the coronavirus could occur if virus-carrying droplets “generate microscopic aerosols” by evaporating, the WHO said, or if “normal breathing and talking results in exhaled aerosols.” In theory, the WHO said someone could inhale the aerosols and become infected. But it remains unknown, the WHO said, if such aerosols would actually carry enough viable virus to cause infection.

世界衛(wèi)生組織稱，如果攜帶病毒的飛沫通過(guò)蒸發(fā)“產(chǎn)生氣溶膠微?！?，新冠病毒就有可能通過(guò)空氣傳播。理論上，某人可以吸入氣溶膠從而被感染，但是這些氣溶膠實(shí)際上是否能夠攜帶足以造成感染的活性病毒仍然未知。

The WHO said it is further researching the role of different modes of spread, including by air, as well as how much virus is required to potentially infect someone and what kinds of environments create greater risk for spread.

世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，正在進(jìn)一步調(diào)查不同傳播途徑的作用，包括通過(guò)空氣傳播，以及需要多少病毒才可能感染一個(gè)人，還有什么樣的環(huán)境會(huì)加大傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

If airborne transmission proves to be a major factor in the spread of the virus, it could have wide-ranging policy consequences. Masks may prove to be even more important in reducing infections, especially in indoor environments and even in areas where physical distancing is possible. And more specialized masks designed to block microscopic particles may become more important. Specially outfitted ventilation units designed to kill the virus in circulating air could prove critical in preventing spread in indoor, congregate settings.

如果空氣傳播被證實(shí)是病毒傳播的一個(gè)主要因素，可能會(huì)對(duì)政策產(chǎn)生廣泛影響。或?qū)⒆C明口罩對(duì)于減少感染更加重要，尤其是在室內(nèi)環(huán)境甚至在可以保持距離的地方；設(shè)計(jì)出更專業(yè)化的口罩來(lái)阻隔微粒會(huì)變得更加重要；證明專門配備的能殺死流通空氣中病毒的通風(fēng)設(shè)備對(duì)于防止室內(nèi)和人群聚集地的病毒傳播十分關(guān)鍵。

The new guidance comes after 239 scientists from 32 different countries published an open letter earlier this week calling for the WHO and other health authorities to update their information on the coronavirus.

在新指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)發(fā)布前，本周早些時(shí)候來(lái)自32個(gè)國(guó)家的239名科學(xué)家發(fā)表了一封公開(kāi)信，呼吁世界衛(wèi)生組織和其他衛(wèi)生部門更新關(guān)于新冠病毒的信息。

In an article entitled “It is Time to Address Airborne Transmission of COVID-19,” the group of scientists contend that the WHO needs to give more weight to the role of the airborne spread of Covid-19.

在一篇題為“是時(shí)候應(yīng)對(duì)新冠病毒的空氣傳播了”的文章中，這個(gè)科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)指出，世界衛(wèi)生組織需要更重視新冠病毒通過(guò)空氣傳播的作用。

英文來(lái)源：CNBC

翻譯&編輯：丹妮