中國(guó)—世界衛(wèi)生組織新冠病毒溯源研究聯(lián)合專(zhuān)家組2月9日在武漢舉行新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，通報(bào)共同開(kāi)展新冠病毒全球溯源中國(guó)部分的工作情況。

A sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus occured in Wuhan at the end of 2019. China took prompt action, actively released epidemic information, and adopted the most comprehensive and strict prevention and control measures, achieving notable results.
2019年底，新冠肺炎疫情在武漢市暴發(fā)，中國(guó)迅速采取行動(dòng)，主動(dòng)通報(bào)疫情信息，采取最全面最嚴(yán)格的防控措施，疫情防控取得顯著成效。

According to an agreement between China and the WHO in July 2020, an international expert WHO team arrived in Wuhan on Jan 14. They formed a joint body with Chinese experts for the Chinese part of the global study on the novel coronavirus origins.
按照中國(guó)與世衛(wèi)組織2020年7月商定的工作任務(wù)書(shū)，世衛(wèi)組織派出國(guó)際專(zhuān)家組2021年1月14日抵達(dá)武漢，與中方專(zhuān)家組成聯(lián)合專(zhuān)家組，共同開(kāi)展全球溯源中國(guó)部分工作。

The team studied a massive amount of epidemic-related data and visited nine facilities, including Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Huanan seafood market, and the Wuhan Institute of Virology, under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The team conducted extensive exchanges with local medical workers, lab researchers, scientists, and market managers. They also interviewed social workers, community workers, residents, recovered patients, and families of medical workers who lost their lives in the epidemic.
聯(lián)合專(zhuān)家組共同研究了大量的疫情相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)資料，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)考察了包括金銀潭醫(yī)院、華南海鮮市場(chǎng)、中科院武漢病毒研究所在內(nèi)的9家單位，與醫(yī)務(wù)人員、實(shí)驗(yàn)室人員、科研人員、市場(chǎng)管理人員及商戶(hù)、社區(qū)工作者、康復(fù)患者、犧牲醫(yī)務(wù)人員家屬、居民等進(jìn)行廣泛交流。

聯(lián)合研究成果已基本形成，主要包括：

A coronavirus with high similarity to the novel coronavirus in gene sequences occurs in bats and pangolins. But the similarity is still not enough to make it a direct ancestor of the novel coronavirus. Bats, pangolins, weasels, cats, and other species all could be potential natural hosts.
在蝙蝠和穿山甲中發(fā)現(xiàn)了與新冠病毒基因序列具有高度相似性冠狀病毒，但相似度尚不足以使其成為新冠病毒的直接祖先；蝙蝠、穿山甲或者鼬科、貓科動(dòng)物，以及其他物種都可能是潛在的自然宿主。

The virus was found in environmental tests at the Huanan seafood market after its closure, especially in its aquatic product stalls. The coronavirus at the market might have been introduced through channels such as infected people, contaminated cold chain products, and animal products, but it is still uncertain.
華南海鮮市場(chǎng)關(guān)閉后的環(huán)境檢測(cè)普遍發(fā)現(xiàn)新冠病毒污染，其中水產(chǎn)攤位尤為明顯，華南海鮮市場(chǎng)新冠病毒可能通過(guò)感染者、被污染的冷鏈產(chǎn)品、動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品等途徑引入，但尚無(wú)法確定。

No positive results occurred in large-scale testing of animal products in the market. No novel coronavirus was found either in samples of bats in Hubei province or large numbers of livestock, poultry, and wild animals across China.
對(duì)該市場(chǎng)的動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品大規(guī)模檢測(cè)未發(fā)現(xiàn)陽(yáng)性，對(duì)湖北省蝙蝠以及中國(guó)各地大量的家畜家禽、野生動(dòng)物采樣監(jiān)測(cè)均未發(fā)現(xiàn)新冠病毒。

In December 2019, the novel coronavirus spread among people on a certain scale in Wuhan, with most cases occurring in the second half of the month. A study on the early ones showed that as there were novel coronavirus cases in the market, there were also such cases in other areas of Wuhan at the same time.
2019年12月，武漢市人群中發(fā)生了新冠病毒一定規(guī)模傳播，大部分病例集中在下半月。早期病例搜索及分析顯示，華南海鮮市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)病例的同時(shí)，武漢市其他地方也有病例發(fā)生。

The experts identified four hypotheses for the source of the transmission of the novel coronavirus to the human population, including direct zoonotic spillover, the cold-chain food, an intermediary host species, and a laboratory-related incident.
聯(lián)合專(zhuān)家組對(duì)新冠病毒從自然宿主直接傳播和通過(guò)冷鏈?zhǔn)称?、中間宿主、實(shí)驗(yàn)室等四種引入人類(lèi)途徑的可能性進(jìn)行了科學(xué)評(píng)估。

評(píng)估結(jié)論分為“極不可能（extremely unlikely）”“不可能（unlikely）”“可能（likely）”“比較可能（most likely）”“非?？赡埽╲ery likely）”5個(gè)層級(jí)。

專(zhuān)家組認(rèn)為：

Introduction through an intermediary host species is "the most likely" passway.
新冠病毒“比較可能”是經(jīng)中間宿主引入人類(lèi)。

Direct transmission or introduction through cold-chain food is also likely.
“可能”是直接傳播或者通過(guò)冷鏈?zhǔn)称芬肴祟?lèi)。

A laboratory incident is "extremely unlikely" as the cause of COVID-19.
“極不可能”是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室引入人類(lèi)。

聯(lián)合專(zhuān)家組還對(duì)下一步全球溯源工作提出了建議。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

新冠病毒溯源
origin-tracing of the novel coronavirus

中間宿主
intermediary host

自然宿主
natural host

基因序列
gene sequence

人類(lèi)衛(wèi)生健康共同體
a global community of health for all

全球公共衛(wèi)生治理
global public health governance

參考來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）