你知道世界各國(guó)最受歡迎的大學(xué)專業(yè)都是什么嗎？《青春時(shí)光》雜志（Youth Time magazine）開(kāi)展的一項(xiàng)全球調(diào)查得出的結(jié)果可能會(huì)讓你大吃一驚。

調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，中國(guó)人最愛(ài)理工科，印度人則偏愛(ài)藝術(shù)和法律，美國(guó)人和德國(guó)人對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)和工程學(xué)情有獨(dú)鐘，澳大利亞是唯一一個(gè)不待見(jiàn)IT專業(yè)的國(guó)家。除了俄羅斯外，商務(wù)管理專業(yè)在世界各國(guó)都很吃香。

一起來(lái)看看這些專業(yè)選擇潮流的背后原因。

China: 7 out of the Top 10 are STEM majors, showing absolute dominance

中國(guó)：最受歡迎的10個(gè)專業(yè)中有7個(gè)是理工科專業(yè)

According to China University Alumni Association, among those who score well enough in China’s highly competitive exam system to get into university, 19.39% choose to study Economics and 19.06% select Business Management, which means business & management related majors account for almost half of the popular majors.

根據(jù)中華校友會(huì)的信息，通過(guò)中國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的考試體系被大學(xué)錄取的學(xué)生當(dāng)中，19.39%的人選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)，19.06%的人選擇商務(wù)管理專業(yè)，這意味著經(jīng)管類專業(yè)幾乎占據(jù)了熱門(mén)專業(yè)的半壁江山。

The third most popular major in China is Informatics Engineering (6.87%) followed tightly by Law (6.53%). From No. 5 to No. 10, the most popular majors are almost all STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) majors such as Biological Sciences (5.93%), IT and Computer Sciences (5.72%), Architecture (3.84%), Physics (3.37%) and Automation Engineering (3.23%).

在中國(guó)熱度排行第三的專業(yè)是信息工程學(xué)專業(yè)（6.87%），緊隨其后的是法學(xué)專業(yè)（6.53%）。排名第五到第十的熱門(mén)專業(yè)幾乎都是理工科（STEM代表科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)），包括生物科學(xué)（5.93%）、信息技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（5.72%）、建筑學(xué)（3.84%）、物理學(xué)（3.37%）和自動(dòng)化工程學(xué)（3.23%）。

It’s not until No. 11 that some social science majors such as Chinese language and literature, foreign language studies and journalism appear.

直到第11名才開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)一些社會(huì)科學(xué)類專業(yè)，比如漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)和新聞學(xué)專業(yè)。

Chinese higher education emphasizes STEM education due to historical reasons.

中國(guó)高等教育重視理工科是有其歷史原因的。

When the Chinese started their reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s, the country urgently needed scientific professionals for industrial development, and the Chinese preference for STEM is rooted in that period.

上世紀(jì)80年代中國(guó)開(kāi)始實(shí)施改革開(kāi)放政策時(shí)，國(guó)家急需科技人才來(lái)發(fā)展工業(yè)，中國(guó)人對(duì)于理工科的偏好就是從那時(shí)候開(kāi)始的。

"Master mathematics, physics and chemistry, you can find a position all over the country” was one of the most famous national slogans.

當(dāng)時(shí)全國(guó)有一句非常有名的口號(hào)叫：“學(xué)好數(shù)理化，走遍天下都不怕?！?/p>

US: Health, Psychology, Biology, American students like to explore human beings

美國(guó)：健康、心理學(xué)和生物學(xué)這些探索人體奧秘的專業(yè)很受歡迎

Business and Management are the most popular subjects in the US (289,384 degrees).

商務(wù)管理是美國(guó)最熱門(mén)的專業(yè)（28萬(wàn)9384個(gè)學(xué)位）。

Health-related programs such as Nursing are next in line (141,632 degrees). Psychology and Biological and Biomedical Sciences run almost neck and neck (127,066 degrees and 120,375 degrees, respectively).

其次是護(hù)理等健康相關(guān)專業(yè)（14萬(wàn)1632個(gè)學(xué)位）。心理學(xué)和生物及生物醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)難分伯仲（分別是12萬(wàn)7066個(gè)學(xué)位和12萬(wàn)375個(gè)學(xué)位）。

The 5th place belongs to Engineering, with 117,553 degrees awarded.

排行第五的熱門(mén)專業(yè)是工程學(xué)，每年授出11萬(wàn)7553個(gè)學(xué)位。

Social science majors such as Education (102,219) follow up, and the difference between Communications (98,949) and Finance and Accounting (98,663) is rather small.

接下來(lái)是教育學(xué)（10萬(wàn)2219個(gè)學(xué)位）等社會(huì)科學(xué)專業(yè)，傳播學(xué)專業(yè)（9萬(wàn)8949個(gè)學(xué)位）和財(cái)會(huì)專業(yè)（9萬(wàn)8663個(gè)學(xué)位）二者的熱度沒(méi)什么差別。

A little bit surprisingly, Anthropology and Sociology (57,630) beat Computer Science (55,843) and have moved into the top 10.

有點(diǎn)意外的是，人類學(xué)與社會(huì)學(xué)（5萬(wàn)7630個(gè)學(xué)位）打敗了計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（5萬(wàn)5843個(gè)學(xué)位），躋身前十。

The trends in prevailing college majors in the US connect directly to the average starting salary.

美國(guó)熱門(mén)專業(yè)的潮流和平均起薪直接相關(guān)。

Graduates with a degree in Business Administration receive $41,245 as a starting salary with an average mid-career salary of $70,694.00, higher than the average level of compensation of graduates in any other major, which is the biggest motivation that drives not only American students but most youngsters around the world.

擁有商務(wù)管理學(xué)位的畢業(yè)生平均起薪為4萬(wàn)1245美元（約合人民幣26萬(wàn)元），職業(yè)生涯中期的平均年薪為7萬(wàn)694美元，高于其他任何專業(yè)畢業(yè)生的平均薪酬水平。這是激勵(lì)美國(guó)學(xué)生和全球多數(shù)學(xué)生攻讀商務(wù)管理專業(yè)的最大動(dòng)力。

The traditional high demand for medical services has helped to spur the popularity of medical and health-related programs.

對(duì)于醫(yī)療服務(wù)的傳統(tǒng)高需求提升了醫(yī)學(xué)和健康相關(guān)專業(yè)的熱度。

According to market research, doctors and nurses almost never face the unemployment issue: even when economic crises take place, medical workers usually are able to keep their jobs.

市場(chǎng)調(diào)查顯示，醫(yī)生和護(hù)士幾乎不用擔(dān)心失業(yè)問(wèn)題：即使發(fā)生經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，醫(yī)療工作者通常也能保住自己的工作。

Notably, in the US, a general psychology degree will open doors for students to find jobs in social work, marketing and human resources, similar to Education and Communications.

值得注意的是，在美國(guó)，一個(gè)普通心理學(xué)學(xué)位和教育學(xué)、傳播學(xué)學(xué)位一樣，能讓學(xué)生找到社會(huì)工作、市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)和人力資源方面的工作。

The UK: Social science receives a relatively warm response

英國(guó)：社會(huì)科學(xué)類專業(yè)比較吃香

Respecting the UK, data from the British Higher Education Statistics Agency illustrate that Business & Administrative studies are the most popular subjects (342,970).

英國(guó)高等教育統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)表明，商務(wù)和行政管理是英國(guó)最熱門(mén)的專業(yè)（34萬(wàn)2970個(gè)學(xué)位）。

Subjects allied to Medicine and Biological Sciences are the second and third (288,065 and 233,970 respectively).

醫(yī)藥和生物科學(xué)類專業(yè)的熱度排行第二和第三，分別授出28萬(wàn)8065個(gè)學(xué)位和23萬(wàn)3970個(gè)學(xué)位。

Social Studies receive a warm welcome among young people as well (229,360). The 5th, 6th and 7th are respectively Creative Arts & Design (178,415), Engineering & Technology (164,975) and Education (145,445), and the differences among them are similar.

社會(huì)學(xué)專業(yè)也受到了年輕人的青睞（22萬(wàn)9360個(gè)學(xué)位）。第五、第六和第七名分別是創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)（17萬(wàn)8415個(gè)學(xué)位）、工程與技術(shù)（16萬(wàn)4975個(gè)學(xué)位）和教育學(xué)（14萬(wàn)5445個(gè)學(xué)位），這三者的熱度差別不大。

The other two subjects that have over 100,000 students are Computer Science (107,250) and Languages (103,545). Physical Science (95,720) is also close to this number.

攻讀學(xué)生數(shù)量破10萬(wàn)的另外兩個(gè)專業(yè)是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（10萬(wàn)7250個(gè)學(xué)位）和語(yǔ)言類（10萬(wàn)3545個(gè)學(xué)位）。物理學(xué)專業(yè)（9萬(wàn)5720個(gè)學(xué)位）的學(xué)生數(shù)量也接近10萬(wàn)。

Social Studies are more popular in the UK than in America.

社會(huì)科學(xué)在英國(guó)比在美國(guó)更受歡迎。

For example, UK universities are among the oldest universities that offer law courses.

舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，英國(guó)的大學(xué)是最早提供法學(xué)課程的大學(xué)。

Therefore, reflecting this long and rich tradition, UK law degrees have become very popular (and indeed highly competitive) for its students.

因此，考慮到如此悠久而豐富的傳統(tǒng)，英國(guó)法學(xué)學(xué)位非常受學(xué)生歡迎，確實(shí)也很有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

Another large absolute increase can be found in Creative Arts & Design degrees.

另一個(gè)人氣大漲的專業(yè)是創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)。

The Higher Education Statistics Agency attributes this popularity to the increase in part-time students, among which there was a 19% increase in students studying Creative Arts & Design between 2015/16 and 2016/17.

英國(guó)高等教育統(tǒng)計(jì)局將其歸功于非全日制學(xué)生數(shù)量的增多，2015-2016學(xué)年和2016-2017學(xué)年攻讀創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)的學(xué)生增加了19%。

英文來(lái)源：Youth Time

翻譯&編輯：丹妮