世界上有不少人相信鬼的存在。其實(shí)，大多數(shù)“見鬼”經(jīng)歷都是可以用科學(xué)來解釋的。你所害怕的“鬼”，往往只是一種錯(cuò)覺。

1. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

電磁場

For decades, a Canadian neuroscientist named Michael Persinger studied the effects of electromagnetic fields on people’s perceptions of ghosts, hypothesizing that pulsed magnetic fields, imperceptible on a conscious level, can make people feel as if there is a “presence” in the room with them by causing unusual activity patterns in the brain’s temporal lobes. Persinger studied people in his lab wearing a so-called “God Helmet,” finding that certain patterns of weak magnetic fields over someone’s head for 15 to 30 minutes can create the perception that there’s an invisible presence in the room.

加拿大神經(jīng)學(xué)家邁克爾·波辛格花了幾十年研究電磁場對于“見鬼”的影響后做出了一個(gè)假設(shè)，那就是人在意識(shí)層面察覺不到的脈沖磁場可以通過引發(fā)大腦顳葉的異?；顒?dòng)，讓人們感覺屋里有“鬼”。波辛格在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里讓人們戴上所謂的“上帝頭盔”，并通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人的大腦受到特定模式的弱磁場影響15到30分鐘后，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生屋里有鬼的感覺。

2. INFRASOUND

次聲波

Infrasound is sound at levels so low humans can’t hear it (though other animals, like elephants, can). Low frequency vibrations can cause distinct physiological discomfort. Scientists studying the effects of wind turbines and traffic noise near residences have found that low-frequency noise can cause disorientation, feelings of panic, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, and other effects that could easily be associated with being visited by a ghost.

次聲波指的是人類無法聽到的頻率過低的聲音（不過其他一些動(dòng)物能聽到，比如大象）。低頻率的聲波會(huì)引發(fā)生理上的明顯不適?？茖W(xué)家研究了居民住宅附近的風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和交通噪音的影響，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，低頻率噪音會(huì)引發(fā)定向障礙、恐慌感、心率和血壓波動(dòng)以及其他容易和見鬼聯(lián)系在一起的癥狀。

For instance, in a 1998 paper on natural causes of hauntings, engineer Vic Tandy described working for a medical equipment manufacturer, whose labs included a reportedly haunted room. Whenever Tandy worked in this particular lab, he felt depressed and uncomfortable, often hearing and seeing odd things—including an apparition that definitely looked like a ghost. Eventually, he discovered that the room was home to a 19 Hz standing wave coming from a fan, which was sending out the inaudible vibrations that caused the disorienting effects. Further studies also show links between infrasound and bizarre sensations like getting chills down the spine or feeling uneasy.

舉個(gè)例子，在1998年的一篇關(guān)于“見鬼”自然成因的論文中，工程師維克·坦迪描述了自己在一家醫(yī)療設(shè)備生產(chǎn)商工作的經(jīng)歷，據(jù)說這個(gè)生產(chǎn)商的實(shí)驗(yàn)室“鬧鬼”。每次坦迪在這個(gè)“鬧鬼”的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里工作時(shí)，都會(huì)感到壓抑和不適，還經(jīng)常聽到、看到奇怪的東西，包括一個(gè)看起來非常像鬼的幻影。最后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)房間里有一個(gè)產(chǎn)生19赫茲駐波的風(fēng)扇，這種聽不見的聲波振動(dòng)會(huì)引發(fā)定向障礙。進(jìn)一步的研究還表明，次聲波與后背發(fā)涼或惴惴不安的怪異感覺也有關(guān)系。

3. MOLD

霉菌

Shane Rogers, an engineering professor at Clarkson University, spent months touring reportedly haunted locations looking for not-so-paranormal activity: mold growth. Preliminary research indicated that some molds can cause symptoms that sound pretty ghostly—like irrational fear and dementia. “I’ve watched a lot of ghost shows,” he told Mental Floss in 2015.

克拉克森大學(xué)的工程學(xué)教授謝恩·羅杰斯花了數(shù)個(gè)月到各個(gè)“鬧鬼”之地尋找一種并非超自然的現(xiàn)象：霉菌生長。先前的研究顯示，一些霉菌會(huì)引發(fā)類似靈異的癥狀，比如無理性的恐懼和癡呆。他在2015年告訴Mental Floss網(wǎng)站說：“我看到了不少鬧鬼現(xiàn)象?！?/p>

4. CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

一氧化碳中毒

In 1921, a doctor named W.H. Wilmer published an odd story about a haunted house in the American Journal of Ophthalmology. The family who lived in this haunted residence, called the H family in the medical literature, began experiencing weird phenomena when they moved into an old house—hearing furniture moving around and strange voices in the night, feeling the presence of invisible specters. They reported being held down in bed by ghosts, feeling weak, and more. As it turned out, a faulty furnace was filling their house with carbon monoxide, causing aural and visual hallucinations. The furnace was fixed, and the H family went back to their lives, sans ghosts.

1921年，一位名叫W·H·威爾默的醫(yī)生在《美國眼科學(xué)雜志》上發(fā)表了一篇關(guān)于“鬼屋”的奇談。住在鬼屋里的一家人在這本醫(yī)學(xué)雜志中被稱為H家，他們搬進(jìn)這座老房子后就開始怪事連連。他們在夜里聽到家具移動(dòng)和奇怪的聲音，感覺隱形的鬼魂在身邊游蕩。他們還報(bào)告稱自己被“鬼壓床”，感覺虛弱無力，諸如此類。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，因?yàn)榛馉t出了故障，家里充滿了一氧化碳?xì)怏w，從而引發(fā)了聽覺和視覺上的幻覺。后來爐子修好了，H家又回到了沒有鬼的正常生活。

英文來源：Mental Floss

翻譯&編輯：丹妮