由于新冠病毒的全球威脅仍在持續(xù)，各國都在加緊疫苗接種，力圖阻止病毒傳播。2021年與疫苗相關(guān)的詞匯更加頻繁出現(xiàn)，而“vax”（疫苗，接種疫苗）也被《牛津英語詞典》評選為2021年度詞匯。

Vax has been chosen as the word of the year by lexicographers at the Oxford English Dictionary (OED).
Vax被《牛津英語詞典》評為年度詞匯。

Words related to vaccines have spiked in frequency in 2021 due to Covid, with double-vaxxed, unvaxxed and anti-vaxxer all seeing a surge in use.
由于新冠肺炎疫情，2021年與疫苗相關(guān)的詞匯更加頻繁出現(xiàn)，“接種過兩劑疫苗的”、“未接種疫苗的”和“反對疫苗人士”這些詞匯的使用頻率驟增。

OED senior editor Fiona McPherson says vax was an obvious choice as it has made "the most striking impact".
《牛津英語詞典》高級編輯菲奧娜·麥克弗森稱，“VAX”是最合適的選擇，因為這個詞的“影響是最大的”。

"It goes back at least to the 1980s, but according to our corpus it was rarely used until this year," she said.
她說：“Vax至少可以追溯到20世紀80年代，但根據(jù)我們的語料庫，直到今年人們才開始大量使用它?！?/p>

"When you add to that its versatility in forming other words, it became clear that vax was the standout in the crowd."
“再加上vax還能組成很多詞匯，顯然它就在眾多詞匯中脫穎而出了。”

Vax and vaxx are both accepted spellings but the form with one x is more common.
Vax和vaxx這兩種拼寫都可以使用，但vax更常見。

Oxford English Dictionary definitions for vax:
《牛津英語詞典》對vax的定義：

Vax

n. A vaccine or vaccination
（名詞）疫苗

v. Treat (someone) with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease; vaccinate
（動詞）用疫苗治療（某人）以產(chǎn)生對疾病的免疫力；接種疫苗

Vaxxie

n. A photograph of oneself taking during or immediately before or after a vaccination, especially one against Covid-19, and typically shared on social media; a vaccination selfie
（名詞）在接種疫苗期間或接種疫苗前后的自拍照片，尤其是接種新冠苗時，通常在社交媒體上分享的照片；接種疫苗自拍

Anti-vax

adj. Opposed to vaccination
（形容詞）反對接種疫苗的

Anti-vaxxer

n. A person who is opposed to vaccination
（名詞）反對接種疫苗的人

Double-vaxxed

adj. Having received two doses of a vaccine
（形容詞）接種過兩劑疫苗的

Use of the word pandemic has also increased by more than 57,000% this year.
今年，“pandemic（全球性流行?。币辉~的使用也增加了57000%以上。

This year's Oxford-winning word, vax, was first recorded in English in 1799, while its derivatives vaccinate and vaccination both first appear in 1800.
今年的牛津詞典年度詞匯vax于1799年首次出現(xiàn)在英語中，其衍生詞“vaccinate（v.接種疫苗接種）”和“vaccination（n.疫苗接種）”首次出現(xiàn)于1800年。

All of these words ultimately come from the Latin word vacca, which means cow. According to the OED, this is due to English physician and scientist Edward Jenner's pioneering work on vaccination against smallpox in the late 1790s and early 1800s.
這些單詞都源于拉丁語單詞vacca，意思是奶牛。根據(jù)《牛津英語詞典》，這要歸功于英國醫(yī)生兼科學家愛德華·詹納在18世紀90年代末和19世紀初在天花疫苗接種方面的開創(chuàng)性工作。

來源：英國廣播公司
編輯：董靜