英國一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，完成兩劑疫苗接種的人依然會感染并傳播新冠病毒，即使沒有癥狀，傳染性也和未接種者一樣強。這意味著，即使周圍人都接種了疫苗，未接種者仍然有可能感染新冠病毒。

Double jabbed people are catching Covid and passing it on to those they live with, warn experts who have studied UK household cases.

研究了英國家庭新冠病例的專家警告稱，接種了兩針新冠疫苗的人依然會感染新冠病毒并將病毒傳染給共同居住的人。

Individuals who have had two vaccine doses can be just as infectious as those who have not been jabbed.

而且，打過兩針疫苗的人傳染性和沒打過疫苗的人一樣強。

Even if they have no or few symptoms, the chance of them transmitting the virus to other unvaccinated housemates is about two in five, or 38%.

即使他們沒有癥狀或癥狀很輕，他們將病毒傳染給未接種疫苗的共同居住人的風(fēng)險可達38%。

This drops to one in four, or 25%, if housemates are also fully vaccinated.

如果他們的共同居住人也完成了疫苗接種，那么感染風(fēng)險就會下降到25%。

The Lancet Infectious Diseases work shows why getting even more people vaccinated is important.

這份研究報告發(fā)表在《柳葉刀傳染病》期刊上，詳述了讓更多人接種疫苗的重要性。

Unvaccinated people cannot rely on those around them being jabbed to remove their risk of getting infected, they warn.

專家警告稱，即使周邊的人都打了疫苗，未接種疫苗者感染病毒的風(fēng)險也不能因此而消除。

Vaccines do an excellent job of preventing serious Covid illness and deaths, but are less good at stopping infections, particularly since the emergence of the more infectious Delta variant.

疫苗可以有效地防止接種者在感染病毒后發(fā)展成重癥及死亡，但是在阻止病毒傳播上就沒那么有效了，尤其是在傳染性更強的德爾塔變種毒株出現(xiàn)之后。

And over time, the protection offered by vaccines wanes and needs boosting with further doses.

隨著時間流逝，疫苗的保護作用會減弱，需要打加強針才能增強保護作用。

Since households are where most Covid transmission occurs, making sure every member who is eligible for a vaccine has had one and is up to date with their doses makes sense, say experts.

專家稱，由于新冠病毒傳播大多發(fā)生在家庭內(nèi)部，確保每位適合接種疫苗的家庭成員都接種并及時補種加強針才是明智的做法。

According to the study, which ran from September 2020 to September 2021 and included 440 households in London and Bolton doing PCR Covid tests:

2020年9月至2021年9月期間開展的這項研究涵蓋了在倫敦和博爾頓接受聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)檢測（核酸檢測）的440戶家庭，研究結(jié)果如下：

People who are double jabbed have a lower, but still appreciable, risk of becoming infected with the Delta variant compared with unvaccinated people

一，相比未接種疫苗者，接種兩劑疫苗的人感染德爾塔病毒的風(fēng)險較低，但是風(fēng)險仍然不?。?/p>

They also appear to be just as infectious

二，接種兩劑疫苗者和未接種疫苗者的傳染性似乎一樣強；

Vaccinated people clear the infection more quickly, but their peak viral load - when people are most infectious - is similar to that seen in unvaccinated people

三，接種疫苗者能更快痊愈，但是他們的病毒載量峰值（此時的傳染性最高）和未接種者差不多；

This may explain why they can still readily pass on the virus in household settings.

四，這或許可以解釋為什么接種疫苗者依然容易把病毒傳染給家人。

Prof Ajit Lalvani, of Imperial College London, UK, who co-led the study, said: "The ongoing transmission we are seeing between vaccinated people makes it essential for unvaccinated people to get vaccinated to protect themselves from acquiring infection and severe Covid-19, especially as more people will be spending time inside in close proximity during the winter months.

該研究的領(lǐng)頭人之一、英國倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的阿吉特·拉爾瓦尼教授說：“我們目前所觀察到的接種疫苗者傳播病毒的情況表明，讓未接種者接種疫苗以防止自身被感染及發(fā)展成新冠肺炎重癥是至關(guān)重要的，尤其是進入冬天后，更多人會長時間呆在室內(nèi)近距離相處?！?/p>

"We found that susceptibility to infection increased already within a few months after the second vaccine dose - so those eligible for booster shots should get them promptly."

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)人們在打完第二針疫苗幾個月后感染率又開始升高，因此適合打加強針的人應(yīng)該及時補種。”

Co-author Dr Anika Singanayagam, also from Imperial, said: "Our findings provide important insights into the effect of vaccination in the face of new variants, and specifically, why the Delta variant is continuing to cause high Covid case numbers around the world, even in countries with high vaccination rates.

該研究的合著者、同樣來自倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的阿妮卡·辛格納亞伽姆博士說：“我們的研究結(jié)果為接種疫苗對新毒株的效果提供了一些重要見解，尤其是德爾塔毒株持續(xù)在全球各地，甚至在疫苗接種率高的國家，引發(fā)大量新冠病例的原因?！?/p>

英文來源：BBC

翻譯&編輯：丹妮