很多人或許不知道，即使家里的電視、電腦和其他電器都關(guān)了機，只要電源還連著，就會持續(xù)產(chǎn)生待機能耗。

Did you know that if your TV, computer and other appliances are plugged in, they are quietly draining electricity - all day, every day - even when they are turned off? Electric power consumed by products when they are switched off or in a standby mode is known as standby power (sometimes called vampire power or phantom power).

待機能耗

待機能耗是指，電器關(guān)機或處于待機模式時所耗的電。

Standby power refers to the way electric power is consumed by electronic and electrical appliances while they are switched off or in standby mode.

待機能耗英文是standby power（待機能耗）?？梢苑g成vampire power（電力吸血鬼）、phantom load（幻影負荷）或ghost load（幽靈負荷）。

vampire、phantom、ghost這些鬼怪詞匯，表現(xiàn)出一種偷偷摸摸的、不知情的情況下持續(xù)耗損的情況，可以說十分形象。

▌什么情況下會產(chǎn)生待機能耗？

This only occurs because some devices claimed to be "switched off" on the electronic interface, but are in a different state from switching off at the plug, or disconnecting from the power point, which can solve the problem of standby power completely.

待機能耗一般指，設(shè)備只是在電子界面完成了關(guān)機，而沒有拔掉電器插頭或切斷電源。只有徹底斷電才能停止耗能。

比如，多數(shù)家庭的電視機、機頂盒都只用遙控器關(guān)掉，并沒有關(guān)掉開關(guān)或切斷電源；空調(diào)、油煙機、洗衣機這些常用家電都是全年通電待機狀態(tài)。

這種現(xiàn)象較為普遍，有些家庭不知道待機也會耗電，有些家庭即便知道也并不在意。

▌積少成多的浪費

據(jù)新華社報道，受訪人士指出，待機能耗難以被察覺，是因為這是一種“積少成多”的浪費。

國網(wǎng)山西省電力公司電力科學研究院高級工程師張敏為記者做了簡單測算。將城鎮(zhèn)家庭常見的電視機、機頂盒、路由器等12種電器計算在內(nèi)，一戶家庭每天的待機能耗約0.86度電。如果將一直運行卻未使用的電熱水器、小廚寶加入，一戶家庭每日浪費的能耗可達到1.52度電。

記者還邀請了多位長年上戶服務(wù)的電力客戶經(jīng)理進行估算，反饋結(jié)果顯示，每戶日待機能耗量在0.3度到1度電之間。

綜合來看，即便按照每戶日待機能耗0.2度電計算，一個500萬人口的城市(按190萬家庭戶計)，全年待機能耗近1.39億度電。

據(jù)英國節(jié)能信托基金會估計，如果能節(jié)約待機能耗，每人每年可節(jié)省40英鎊。全球范圍內(nèi)，公用和私人待機能耗之和占總用電量的2%，貢獻了1%的二氧化碳排放量。

The Energy Saving Trust estimates that an individual could save around ￡40 a year by turning off devices that are not using. Globally, standby consumption, both business and private, accounts for 2% of total electricity consumption and 1% of CO2 emissions.

降低非必要能耗勢在必行，以下是幾個節(jié)能小訣竅：

? 使用帶開關(guān)的電源板。電涌保護器往往自帶開關(guān)，有助于保護電器和電子設(shè)備。把家電插在同一個電源板上，不用的時候就直接關(guān)閉電源板，這樣一來，所有電器的電源就都斷開了。

Use a power strip with switches. Surge protector power strips typically have such switches and help protect your appliances and electronics. If you plug all of your products into a power strip and flip off the power strip when these items are not in use, they are truly off.

? 隨手拔掉插頭。有些家電需要隨時開著，比如冰箱和臥室里的鬧鐘。但是很多電器沒必要一直插著電源，比如烤箱。

Unplug your products. Now, there are some products that you will want to keep plugged in, such as the digital alarm clock in your bedroom or the refrigerator. But there are many appliances that you may not need to have plugged in, such as a toaster oven.

? 考慮使用節(jié)能電器。許多節(jié)能電器的待機能耗相對更低。

Consider using energy-saving products. Many energy-saving products have lower standby power than other products.

“關(guān)機不斷電，電表悄悄走”，防止待機能耗成“隱藏的浪費”，人人有責！

編輯：陳月華
實習生：王安然
參考來源：新華社 OVO Energy