西班牙計(jì)劃出臺(tái)“數(shù)字游民簽證”政策，以期吸引可以利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)遠(yuǎn)程辦公的人到該國居住和生活。申請(qǐng)者必須收入達(dá)到一定水平并在西班牙有住所，而且還要證明自己已遠(yuǎn)程辦公至少一年。

Spain plans to issue “digital nomad” visas giving non-EU citizens the chance to work in the sun and enjoy a lower cost of living with tax breaks thrown in for good measure.

西班牙計(jì)劃發(fā)放“數(shù)字游民簽證”，讓非歐盟公民有機(jī)會(huì)在陽光普照的西班牙辦公，并享受稅收減免帶來的低成本生活。

注：數(shù)字游民指不需要到固定地點(diǎn)上班、依靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)便可謀生的人群。

The visas will be offered to people who work remotely for enterprises outside Spain and who derive a maximum of 20% of their income from Spanish firms.

這一簽證將向?yàn)槲靼嘌谰惩馄髽I(yè)遠(yuǎn)程工作的人提供，前提是他們從西班牙企業(yè)獲得的收入不超過他們收入的20%。

As the law has yet to be passed there are still some details to be hammered out but it is expected that the visa – essentially a residency permit – will be initially valid for one year, renewable for up to five years depending on the applicant’s circumstances. Close relatives, such as a spouse or children, will be eligible to join the applicant.

盡管西班牙尚未通過相關(guān)法規(guī)，部分細(xì)則也有待敲定，但預(yù)計(jì)這種簽證（本質(zhì)上是居住許可證）最初有效期為一年，隨后可以依據(jù)申請(qǐng)者情況續(xù)簽至最多五年，配偶和子女等近親也可以一同申請(qǐng)。

Applicants must be from outside the European Economic Area and be able to demonstrate that they have been working remotely for at least a year. They must have a contract of employment or, if freelance, show that they have been regularly employed by a company outside Spain.

申請(qǐng)者必須來自歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)以外國家，并能證明自己已遠(yuǎn)程辦公至少一年。他們必須持有雇傭合同，如果是自由職業(yè)者，則必須證明自己常受雇于某個(gè)西班牙以外的企業(yè)或機(jī)構(gòu)。

They must also demonstrate that they will earn enough to be self-sufficient and that they have an address in Spain.

另外，申請(qǐng)者必須證明自己的收入可以自給自足，并在西班牙有住所。

For the first four years they will be taxed at 15%, rather than the standard 25% base rate.

拿到“數(shù)字游民簽證”者在西班牙居住的前四年里可以享受15%的優(yōu)惠稅率，而當(dāng)?shù)貥?biāo)準(zhǔn)稅率為25%。

Spain joins 15 other European countries that offer some version of a digital nomad visa. Each country has its own set of conditions.

目前已經(jīng)有15個(gè)歐洲國家推出類似的“數(shù)字游民簽證”，各國有自己的申請(qǐng)條件。

In Croatia, for example, applicants must be earning at least €2,300 a month, in Estonia €3,500, in Iceland €7,100 and in Portugal only €700. It’s thought that Spain will set a minimum monthly income of about €2,000.

比如，克羅地亞要求申請(qǐng)者月收入不低于2300歐元，愛沙尼亞要求不低于3500歐元，冰島要求達(dá)到7100歐元，葡萄牙的最低門檻則只有700歐元。據(jù)估計(jì)，西班牙將把申請(qǐng)者最低月收入門檻設(shè)定在2000歐元左右。

Greece introduced a digital nomad law in October 2021, offering residency of one to three years. Applicants must have a monthly income of €3,500.

希臘于2021年10月出臺(tái)了數(shù)字游民法，向數(shù)字游民提供一至三年的居住權(quán)。申請(qǐng)者月收入必須達(dá)到3500歐元。

Some countries demand that you have cash in the bank – €5,500 in the case of the Czech Republic – as well as income. Some may also insist on private health insurance.

有些國家除了收入限制外，還要求你在銀行里有存款，比如捷克共和國要求銀行存款達(dá)到5500歐元。另外一些國家還要求申請(qǐng)者擁有私人醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。

Madrid, Valencia and Barcelona are already popular among the EU’s digital nomads, with the latter proving a favoured destination for startups as the city aspires to become a technology hub and less dependent on tourism.

西班牙的馬德里、巴倫西亞和巴塞羅那原本就是歐盟的數(shù)字游民熱門聚居地，事實(shí)證明，巴塞羅那還是很受初創(chuàng)企業(yè)歡迎的目的地，該市立志要成為技術(shù)中心，減少對(duì)旅游業(yè)的依賴。

Excellent 4G cover almost everywhere in Spain is tempting some nomads to set themselves up in rural areas where rents are very low. Internet speed is among the fastest in Europe and, at 148Mbps, almost double the UK speed of 75Mbps.

西班牙幾乎覆蓋各個(gè)角落的優(yōu)質(zhì)4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)吸引著一些數(shù)字游民在租金很低的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)落腳。西班牙的網(wǎng)速是歐洲最快的，達(dá)到148兆比特每秒，是英國網(wǎng)速（75兆比特每秒）的近兩倍。

However, for residents of cities such as Madrid and Barcelona, one negative effect is that nomads push up rents as people working remotely for US or UK companies can command much higher salaries and pay higher rents than locals.

但是，對(duì)于馬德里和巴塞羅那等城市的居民而言，數(shù)字游民涌入的一個(gè)負(fù)面影響是會(huì)推高當(dāng)?shù)胤孔?，因?yàn)檫h(yuǎn)程為英美公司工作的人能領(lǐng)到遠(yuǎn)超當(dāng)?shù)厝说男剿?，能支付得起的租金也高得多?/p>

According to a report published this year, in Spain the average monthly salary is €1,751, 20% less than the EU average of €2,194.

根據(jù)今年發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告，西班牙的月均工資水平為1751歐元，比歐盟平均水平（2194歐元）低20%。

英文來源：衛(wèi)報(bào)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮