熱愛冒險的美國人是出了名的愛搬家，然而調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國人現(xiàn)在是越來越不愛“動”了。過去，美國人會為了一份新工作搬到另一個城市，而現(xiàn)在美國人寧愿換工作也不愿換房子。這是為什么呢？

After two years of grousing that no one wants to work anymore, America's employers might have a new line of complaint: No one wants to move.

過去兩年來，美國雇主一直在抱怨找不到人干活，如今，他們又多了一件煩心事：沒人愿意為工作而搬家。

After steadily falling for decades, the rate of Americans moving for work fell to a record low of just 1.6% in the first three months of the year, according to Challenger, Gray & Christmas.

再就業(yè)服務(wù)公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國人為工作而搬家的比例在今年1-3月降到了歷史新低1.6%，過去幾十年來這一比例一直在穩(wěn)步下降。

"This is the lowest quarterly result that we've seen, among all the job seekers we've worked with, since 1986," said the company's senior vice president, Andrew Challenger.

該公司的高級副總裁安德魯·查林杰表示：“就我們合作的求職者而言，這是自1986年以來我們見過的最低季度水平?！?/p>

Challenger is an outplacement firm, meaning it's hired by companies that are conducting mass layoffs to help those workers find new employment. In the 1980s and '90s, a third of the workers surveyed by Challenger said they regularly moved to take a new job, but that figure has been dropping for years.

Challenger是一家再就業(yè)公司，它受聘于大規(guī)模裁員的企業(yè)來幫助下崗員工尋找新工作。據(jù)Challenger調(diào)查，在上世紀(jì)80年代和90年代，三分之一的受訪員工稱自己為了新工作定期搬家，但是這一比例多年來一直在下降。

The trend is evidence of a decline in the dynamism of the US economy, experts say, while also undercutting the historic narrative of Americans as a population of pioneers and risk-takers boldly venturing into new terrain in pursuit of opportunity.

專家稱，這一趨勢印證了美國經(jīng)濟(jì)活力的衰退，同時也削弱了美國人作為敢于追逐機遇開疆拓土的先驅(qū)和冒險者的歷史形象。

A confluence of factors lead to Americans' declining willingness to relocate for work, according to economists. First, despite businesses' push to bring employees back to the office, remote jobs are still plentiful for white-collar workers — that gives them options if they decide to seek new position.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家指出，多個因素導(dǎo)致美國人越來越不愿意為了工作而搬家。首先，盡管企業(yè)敦促員工返崗上班，白領(lǐng)工人仍然可以找到很多遠(yuǎn)程工作，這讓他們想換工作就可以換。

The pandemic-fueled run up in home prices, coupled with the surge in mortgage rates over the past year, also has made it much more difficult to move as housing costs have shot up much faster than incomes.

其次，疫情推高了房價，再加上去年按揭利率的飆升，住房成本比收入的上漲速度更快，這導(dǎo)致搬家難度大增。

Skyrocketing housing prices are a major roadblock to mobility. Nationwide, home prices have soared nearly 25% over the last two years, coupled with mortgage rates that have more than doubled since the start of 2022. The typical monthly mortgage payment for a single-family home now takes up half of a purchaser's monthly disposable income, up from about 30% pre-pandemic, according to research from Pantheon Macroeconomics.

房價飆升是流動性的一大障礙。從全美范圍來看，過去兩年來房價已經(jīng)飆升近25%，按揭利率自2022年初以來已經(jīng)漲了一倍還多。潘西恩宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)公司的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，如今單戶住宅平均每月的按揭款已經(jīng)占用了購買者可支配月收入的一半，相比疫情前30%的比例大增。

Meanwhile, nearly 1 in 4 existing mortgages today have a rate under 3%, the research firm said. That's contributing to many homeowners feeling "locked in" to their current home, loath to trade it for a new place shackled to a much higher mortgage rate.

與此同時，這家調(diào)研機構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前近四分之一按揭房的房貸利率不到3%。這讓許多房主不愿舍棄現(xiàn)在的房子，因為不愿將其置換成一個房貸利率高得多的新房。

"[M]ost existing homeowners are not going to move unless they absolutely have to, due to death, divorce, or an—irresistible—job offer," Pantheon said in a report.

潘西恩公司在一份報告中稱：“當(dāng)前多數(shù)房主都不愿搬家，除非遇到了不得已的情況，比如死亡、離婚或難以抗拒的新職位。”

英文來源：CBS新聞

翻譯&編輯：丹妮