經(jīng)常放屁是健康出問題了嗎，放屁特別臭需要警惕嗎？密歇根大學(xué)胃腸病學(xué)教授威廉·杰表示，“人的腸道每天可能排氣5-15次……這是完全正常的。因?yàn)槲改c道功能、胃腸道菌群以及攝入食物存在差異，這些因素都決定了腸道排氣的頻率、多少以及氣味?！?/p>

Dr. Mark Corkins, division chief of pediatric gastroenterology at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center. “There are two sources of ‘gas,’ and not all gas is gas. Part of what we pass is air. We all swallow some air, and some people swallow a lot of air. Now that seems to be odorless.”
田納西大學(xué)健康科學(xué)中心兒童胃腸科主任馬克·科爾金斯稱，“‘屁’有兩種來源，一部分是空氣。人們會‘吃下’一些空氣，這些經(jīng)腸道排出的空氣是沒有氣味的?！?/p>

Real gas, on the other hand, is primarily the byproduct of the fermentation of food in the colon, said Corkins, who is also a professor of pediatrics. “Our colon has (billions of) bacteria living in it. … If we don’t digest (food), the bacteria will.”
科爾金斯稱，真正的“屁”主要是食物在結(jié)腸中發(fā)酵的氣體?！叭说慕Y(jié)腸里有（數(shù)十億）細(xì)菌……這些細(xì)菌會幫助消化未消化的食物。”

Some odors are more pungent than others for these reasons, experts said, but there aren’t any smells that are red flags.
專家稱，由于以上原因，有些“屁”聞起來更臭，但氣味不是危險(xiǎn)信號。

Gas isn’t as much of an indicator of gut health asbowel movement frequency and texture. But dietary choices can lead to more or less gas.
排便頻率和質(zhì)地是衡量腸道健康的指標(biāo)，放屁卻不是。但飲食選擇可能會導(dǎo)致放屁多或放屁少。

Factors of flatulence
脹氣原因

Gut flora are important because they help the body make vitamins and produce some of the sh ort chain fatty acids that feed our colon lining, so a little gas (from those processes) is good, Corkins said. “Otherwise, we’re not feeding our flora, which actually is a symbiotic relationship,” he added.
腸道菌群對健康很重要，有助于身體合成維生素，并產(chǎn)生一些短鏈脂肪酸，為結(jié)腸內(nèi)壁提供營養(yǎng)，所以（在這些過程中）腸道產(chǎn)生適當(dāng)氣體有益健康。

But what can especially lead to gas, or excessive amounts of it, is eating foods that are more difficult to digest and therefore more likely to ferment, experts said.
但專家表示，食用不易消化的食物容易導(dǎo)致排氣或過量排氣，因?yàn)檫@些食物在腸道內(nèi)更易發(fā)酵。

The old classic is beans, and there’s a protein in beans that tends to be difficult to digest.
最常見的易導(dǎo)致脹氣的食物就是豆制品，豆類中含有一種不易消化的蛋白質(zhì)。

Beans are one source of FODMAPs — fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols. These areshort-chain carbohydratesor sugars that, for some people, are poorly absorbed by the small intestine, leading to digestive issues such as gas, cramping, diarrhea, constipation or stomach bloating.Foods high in FODMAPsinclude certain vegetables, fruits, starches and dairy products such as cauliflower, garlic, apples, peaches, milk, wheat and high fructose corn syrup.
豆類是可發(fā)酵低聚糖、雙糖、單糖和多元醇（發(fā)酵性碳水化合物）的來源之一。對一些人來說，這些是這類短鏈碳水化合物不易被小腸吸收，從而導(dǎo)致脹氣、腸痙攣、腹瀉、便秘或胃脹等消化問題。發(fā)酵性碳水化合物含量高的食物包括某些蔬菜、水果、淀粉和乳制品，例如花椰菜、大蒜、蘋果、桃子、牛奶、小麥和高果糖玉米糖漿。

“Many of us unknowingly do eat a lot of FODMAPs, but everyone has a little bit of a different pattern as to how well they can absorb and metabolize these,” said Dr. Rena Yadlapati, professor of medicine in the division of gastroenterology at the University of California, San Diego.
加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校胃腸病學(xué)系醫(yī)學(xué)教授蕾娜說：“許多人在不知不覺中確實(shí)攝入了很多發(fā)酵性碳水化合物，但每個人對它們的吸收和代謝能力都不同。”

“Some people will, alternatively, have trouble when they eat a lot of red meat,” Chey said. “In fact, (for) pretty much everybody, if you eat enough red meat, you will not be able to properly digest or absorb all of it, and it’ll get down to your colon where it’s fermented to produce gases and chemicals.”
杰說：“有人攝入紅肉時也會出現(xiàn)以上癥狀。事實(shí)上對幾乎所有人來說，如果攝入紅肉過多，都將無法完全將其消化吸收，最終在結(jié)腸發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生氣體和化學(xué)物質(zhì)?！?/p>

“The other thing is making sure that your bowel habits are regular,” Chey said. “Individuals that have constipation are much more prone to getting bloating and flatulence. The reason for that is, if things move very slowly through the GI tract, they have more time to interact with the bacteria in the GI tract, particularly the colon. And that’s going to produce more gas.”
杰說：“保持規(guī)律排便也很關(guān)鍵。便秘的人更容易腹脹和脹氣。如果食物在胃腸道中移動得很慢，就有更多的時間與胃腸道中的細(xì)菌作用，尤其是結(jié)腸。這會導(dǎo)致腸道產(chǎn)生更多氣體。”

來源：CNN
編輯：董靜