最近，一項發(fā)表在《個性與社會心理學(xué)雜志》上的研究結(jié)果表明，在處理棘手問題時，憤怒情緒也可能成為一種強(qiáng)大力。美國得克薩斯農(nóng)工大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，憤怒讓人更努力實現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)，從而獲得更大成功。

The experiments suggest people who are angry perform better on a set of challenging tasks than those who are emotionally neutral.
一項實驗表明，與平靜的人相比，憤怒的人在一系列具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)更好。

“These findings demonstrate that anger increases effort toward attaining a desired goal, frequently resulting in greater success,” said Dr Heather Lench, the first author of the study.
該研究論文的第一作者希瑟·連奇博士說：“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，憤怒讓人更努力實現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)，從而獲得更大成功?！?/p>

The study, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, details how researchers at Texas A&M University conducted experiments involving more than 1,000 people, and analysed survey data from more than 1,400 people, to explore the possible impact of anger on people in various circumstances.
這項研究發(fā)表在《個性與社會心理學(xué)雜志》上。得克薩斯農(nóng)工大學(xué)的研究人員對1000多人進(jìn)行測試，并分析了1400多人的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，以探索憤怒在各種情況下對人的潛在影響。

In one experiment, students were shown images previously found to elicit anger, desire, amusement, sadness or no particular emotion at all. Participants were subsequently asked to solve a series of anagrams.
實驗中，研究人員向參與學(xué)生展示了會引發(fā)憤怒、欲望、愉快、悲傷或不會引起情緒波動的圖像。隨后參與者需要解字謎。

The results reveal that for a challenging set of anagrams, those who were angry did better than those in the other possible emotional states – although no difference was seen for easy anagrams.
研究結(jié)果表明，憤怒的參與者在解答高難度字謎上的表現(xiàn)比處于其他情緒的人更好，但在解答簡單字謎上沒有差異。

The researchers say one explanation could be down to a link between anger and greater persistence, with the team finding those who were angry spent more time on the difficult set of anagrams.
研究人員表示，一種解釋可能是憤怒和更持久的毅力有關(guān)，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些憤怒的人花了更多的時間去解開高難度的字謎。

In another experiment, participants who were angry did better at dodging flags in a skiing video game than those who were neutral or sad, and were on a par with those who felt amusement or desire.
在另一項實驗中，憤怒的參與者比平靜或悲傷的參與者更善于在滑雪電子游戲中躲避旗幟，并且與快樂或興奮的參與者不相上下。

“This pattern could indicate that general physical arousal had a benefit for game scores, as this would be greater in anger, amused, and desire conditions compared to the sad and neutral conditions,” the researchers write. However, no such differences in performance was found when it came to an easier video game.
研究人員寫道：“這種模式可能表明，身體進(jìn)入興奮狀態(tài)可以幫助提高得分，而與悲傷和平靜的情緒相比，在憤怒、快樂、渴望的情緒下身體更亢奮?！比欢诟唵蔚碾娮佑螒蛑?，并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這種表現(xiàn)差異。

One experiment suggested being angry increased the degree to which participants cheated on tasks compared with the other emotions – except amusement – while another experiment found anger was associated with lower reaction times on a task.
一項實驗表明，與除愉快之外的其他情緒相比，憤怒的參與者更容易作弊，而另一項實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，憤怒的參與者對任務(wù)反應(yīng)時間更短。

In addition, responses to surveys around the 2016 and 2020 US general elections suggested people who were more angry about a hypothetical win for a presidential candidate they did not support were more likely to vote in the subsequent election.
此外，與2016年和2020年美國大選前后調(diào)查相呼應(yīng)的是，那些會對自己支持的總統(tǒng)候選人敗選感到更憤怒的選民，更有可能在隨后的選舉中投票。

“People often prefer to use positive emotions as tools more than negative and tend to see negative emotions as undesirable and maladaptive,” Lench said. “Our research adds to the growing evidence that a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes wellbeing, and that using negative emotions as tools can be particularly effective in some situations.”
連奇說：“人們往往更喜歡將積極情緒化作動力，并傾向于將消極情緒視為不受歡迎的不良情緒。但越來越多的證據(jù)表明，積極情緒和消極情緒共存會促進(jìn)幸福感，在某些情況下，消極情緒可能發(fā)揮有效作用?！?/p>