一直以來，超加工食品總是和不健康聯(lián)系在一起，但是新研究指出，沒必要全盤否定超加工食品，有些超加工食品，比如面包、麥片，實際上對人體健康還是有益的。

Some ultra-processed foods increase the risk of developing cancer, heart disease and diabetes – but others are good for you, new research into the demonised foodstuffs suggests.

對被妖魔化的超加工食品的新研究顯示，有些超加工食品會增加患癌癥、心臟病和糖尿病的風(fēng)險，但另外一些超加工食品卻對人體健康有益。

A major new international study has found that regular consumption of meat products – such as sausages – and sugary drinks make it more likely that someone will get those diseases.

一項新的大型國際研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，定期攝入香腸等肉制品和含糖飲料會讓人更容易患上這些疾病。

But bread and cereals actually reduce someone’s risk of them – because they contain fibre – despite also being ultra-processed foods (UPF), the same researchers also concluded, in findings published in The Lancet.

但是在這項發(fā)表在《柳葉刀》上的研究報告中，研究人員也得出結(jié)論稱，面包和麥片盡管也是超加工食品，但實際上卻能降低人們患上這些疾病的風(fēng)險，因為它們含有纖維。

Similarly, sauces, spreads and condiments are also bad for human health, but not as much as animal products and soft drinks.

同樣，沙拉、蘸醬和調(diào)料也對人體健康有害，但不像肉制品和軟飲料的危害那么大。

However, several other major types of UPF previously seen as harmful: sweets and desserts, ready meals, savoury snacks and plant-based alternatives to meat products also got the all-clear. They are “not associated with risk of multimorbidity”, said the authors.

其他幾大類先前被認(rèn)為有害的超加工食品：糖果、甜點、即食餐、零食和植物性肉類替代品也被解除了警報。研究作者表示，這些食品“與多重病癥的風(fēng)險沒有關(guān)聯(lián)”。

Experts said the findings showed that regarding all UPF products as bad for health is unwise and unwarranted.

專家指出，這些研究結(jié)果顯示，認(rèn)為所有超加工食品都有害健康是不明智的，也是沒有根據(jù)的。

Like several other recent research projects, the new study did conclude that UPF harms human health and makes it more likely that someone who consumes a lot of it would suffer a potentially fatal event, such as a heart attack or stroke. However, it also gives a more detailed picture of exactly which UPF products do and do not heighten that risk.

和其他幾個最近的研究項目一樣，新研究也得出結(jié)論稱，超加工食品對人體健康有害，攝入大量超加工食品會增加猝死風(fēng)險，比如心臟病發(fā)作或中風(fēng)。然而，新研究也更詳細(xì)地指出哪些超加工食品會加重風(fēng)險，哪些超加工食品不會。

The latest study is based on an analysis of the dietary history of, and illnesses experienced by, 266,666 people in seven European countries, including the UK.

這項最新研究是基于對266666人的飲食史和患過的疾病資料的分析，這些研究對象來自包括英國在內(nèi)的7個歐洲國家。

The authors said: “In this multinational European prospective cohort study, we found that higher consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases.”

研究作者稱：“在這項歐洲跨國前瞻性隊列研究中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)攝入更多超加工食品會增加患癌癥和心血管代謝疾病等多重病癥的風(fēng)險?！?/p>

People keen to lower their risk should replace some but not all UPF in their diet with “similar but less processed foods … for the prevention of cancer and cardiometabolic multimorbidity” or follow the Mediterranean diet, they said.

他們表示，為了“預(yù)防癌癥和心血管代謝多重病癥”，想要降低患病風(fēng)險的人應(yīng)該用“加工較少的類似食品”換掉飲食中的一些超加工食品，但不是全部換掉，或是采用地中海飲食模式。

Multimorbidity is when someone has at least two life-shortening diseases at the same time, such as cancer and heart disease.

多重病癥指的是某人同時患有至少兩種縮短壽命的疾病，比如癌癥和心臟病。

Heinz Freisling, a co-author of the paper and expert at the World Health Organization’s cancer research agency IARC, which also collaborated on the study, said: “Our study emphasises that it is not necessary to completely avoid ultra-processed foods; rather, their consumption should be limited, and preference be given to fresh or minimally processed foods.”

該研究報告的合著者、世界衛(wèi)生組織國際癌癥研究機構(gòu)的專家海因茨·弗雷斯令表示：“我們的研究強調(diào)，沒必要完全不吃超加工食品，而應(yīng)該少吃超加工食品，多吃新鮮或加工少的食品?！眹H癌癥研究機構(gòu)也參與了這項研究。

英文來源：衛(wèi)報

翻譯&編輯：丹妮