新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，全球多地地下水位正快速下降，將導(dǎo)致數(shù)十億人賴以飲用、灌溉的水源枯竭。研究顯示，2000年至2022年間，全球有71%的地下含水層系統(tǒng)水位下降，其中，地下水位下降最快的含水層位于西班牙。

Many parts of the world are experiencing a rapid depletion in the subterranean reserves of water that billions of people rely on for drinking, irrigation and other uses, according to new research that analyzed millions of groundwater level measurements from 170,000 wells in more than 40 countries.

新研究顯示，全球許多地區(qū)的地下水正在快速枯竭。地下水是數(shù)十億人賴以飲用、灌溉和供應(yīng)其他用途的水源。這項研究對40多個國家的17萬口井中測得的數(shù)百萬個地下水位數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析。

It’s the first study to piece together what’s happening to groundwater levels at a global scale, according to the researchers involved, and will help scientists better understand what impact humans are having on this valuable underground resource, either through overuse or indirectly by changes in rainfall linked to climate change.

研究人員指出，這是首個展現(xiàn)全球地下水位現(xiàn)狀的研究，有助于科學(xué)家更好地了解人類對這一寶貴的地下資源產(chǎn)生的影響。地下水減少一方面是由于人類濫用地下水，另一方面是由氣候變化引起的降雨量減少間接導(dǎo)致。

Groundwater, contained within cracks and pores in permeable bodies of rock known as aquifers, is a lifeline for people especially in parts of the world where rainfall and surface water are scarce, such as northwest India and the southwest United States.

儲存在可滲透的巖體中的裂縫和氣孔（也就是所謂的含水層）中的地下水是雨水和地表水稀缺地區(qū)（比如印度西北部和美國西南部）居民的生命線。

Reductions in groundwater can make it harder for people to access freshwater to drink or to irrigate crops and can result in land subsidence.

地下水的減少讓人們更難以獲得可飲用或灌溉的淡水，并可能導(dǎo)致地面沉降。

The authors found that groundwater levels declined between 2000 and 2022 in 71% of the 1,693 aquifer systems included in the research, with groundwater levels declining more than 0.1 meter a year in 36%, or 617, of them.

研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，2000年至2022年間研究涵蓋的1693個含水層系統(tǒng)有71%出現(xiàn)水位下降，其中36%（617個）的地下水位每年下降超0.1米。

The Ascoy-Soplamo Aquifer in Spain had the fastest rate of decline in the data they compiled — a median decline of 2.95 meters per year, said study coauthor Scott Jasechko, an associate professor at the Bren School of Environmental Science and Management at University of California Santa Barbara.

研究報告的合著者、加州大學(xué)圣塔芭芭拉分校布倫環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理學(xué)院副教授斯科特·杰斯克可指出，根據(jù)研究人員編纂的數(shù)據(jù)，西班牙的Ascoy-Soplamo含水層水位下降最快，每年下降的中位數(shù)為2.95米。

Several aquifer systems in Iran were among those with the fastest rate of groundwater decline, he added.

他補充道，伊朗的幾個含水層系統(tǒng)也是地下水枯竭最快的。

The team wasn’t able to gather data from much of Africa, South America and southeast Asia because of a lack of monitoring, but Jasechko said the study included the countries where most global groundwater pumping takes place.

由于監(jiān)測不足，該團隊無法收集到非洲、南美洲和東南亞大部分地區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)，但是杰斯克可表示，研究涵蓋了全球大多數(shù)開采地下水的國家。

英文來源：美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮

審稿：齊磊、董靜