中國網(wǎng)站品牌欄目（頻道）
（三）促進農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收
3. Promoting steady growth of agriculture and sustained increases in rural incomes
在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展進程中，要更加重視農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。必須堅持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問題作為各項工作的重中之重，進一步加大強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策力度，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢。
We need to pay even greater attention to modernizing agriculture in the course of industrialization and urbanization. We must continue to make solving problems related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all of our work; increase policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas; and consolidate and build upon achievements in the development of agriculture and rural areas.
穩(wěn)定發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。繼續(xù)開展糧食穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)行動，穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，著力提高單產(chǎn)。引導農(nóng)民調(diào)整結構，擴大緊缺、優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)，支持蔬菜、肉蛋奶、水產(chǎn)品等生產(chǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)補貼要繼續(xù)增加總量，提高標準，擴大范圍，完善機制，新增補貼重點向種養(yǎng)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社及各種生產(chǎn)服務組織傾斜。繼續(xù)提高糧食最低收購價，今年小麥、稻谷最低收購價平均每50公斤分別提高7．4元和16元。健全主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補償機制，增加糧油、生豬等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)大縣獎勵補助資金。實施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要，按照新的國家扶貧標準，全面做好扶貧開發(fā)工作，加大集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)力度，讓扶貧對象更多地分享改革發(fā)展成果。
We will steadily develop agricultural production and increase farmers' incomes by various means. We will continue to carry out activities to steadily increase grain production, keep the area of land sown to grain crops stable, and increase per-unit yields. We will guide farmers to adjust their mix of crops or livestock, and produce more farm products that are high in quality or short in supply. We will support the production of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, and aquatic products. We will continue to increase agricultural subsidies, raise their standard, expand their coverage, improve mechanisms for issuing them, and direct new subsidy increases mainly to large family farms, specialized farmer cooperatives, and producer-oriented service organizations. We will continue to raise the minimum purchase price for grain, and we will raise the average floor prices for wheat and rice by 7.4 yuan and 16 yuan per 50 kilograms, respectively. We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing major growing areas and increase rewards and subsidies to major counties that produce important agricultural products such as grain, oilseed, and hogs. We will implement the 2011-2020 rural poverty alleviation and development program and, in accordance with the new national standards for poverty alleviation, do a good job of all poverty alleviation and development work, and step up our work in contiguous areas with particular difficulties to ensure that people in poverty share more fruits of reform and development.
加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步。農(nóng)業(yè)的根本出路在科技。要大力推動農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新，加大對良種繁育、疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全等關鍵技術研發(fā)和應用的支持力度。加快推進基層農(nóng)技推廣服務體系改革和建設，健全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)公共服務機構。完善農(nóng)業(yè)技術補貼制度，促進先進適用農(nóng)業(yè)技術到田到戶。建好現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)示范區(qū)，推進高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建和標準化創(chuàng)建。加快農(nóng)業(yè)機械化步伐。
We will speed up progress in agricultural science and technology. The fundamental way to develop agriculture is through science and technology. We will vigorously promote innovations in agro-science and increase support for R&D on and the application of key technologies for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products. We will accelerate reform and development of the service system for spreading agricultural technology in villages, and improve public service agricultural agencies in townships, towns, and regions. We will improve the system for subsidizing agricultural technologies and encourage farmers to use advanced and appropriate agricultural technologies. We will develop modern agriculture demonstration sites, encourage farmers to grow high-yield crops, promote the standardization of farming techniques, and accelerate agricultural mechanization.
加強農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎設施建設。今年中央財政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入擬安排12287億元，比上年增加1868億元。要搞好灌區(qū)配套改造和小型農(nóng)田水利建設，大力發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)，加大土地開發(fā)整理復墾力度，大規(guī)模建設旱澇保收高標準基本農(nóng)田。加快中小河流治理、小型水庫除險加固和山洪地質(zhì)災害綜合防治。加強農(nóng)村水電路氣以及文化體育等基礎設施建設，推進農(nóng)村環(huán)境治理，加快農(nóng)村危房改造，繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件。
We will strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure. The central government plans to allocate 1.2287 trillion yuan for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, 186.8 billion yuan more than last year. With these funds we will build and upgrade water-saving facilities in irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy projects, and vigorously develop water-efficient agriculture. We will intensify efforts to develop, improve, and reclaim rural land and develop on a large scale basic farmland that meets high drought and flood resistance standards. We will take speedy steps to harness small and medium-sized rivers, reinforce small aging reservoirs, and take comprehensive measures to prevent and mitigate geological disasters caused by mountain torrents. We will continue to improve working and living conditions in rural areas by strengthening infrastructure such as water, power, and methane supply facilities, roads, and cultural and sports venues, and by cleaning up the environment and renovating dilapidated houses more quickly.
深化農(nóng)村改革。堅持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度不動搖。要認真搞好土地確權登記頒證。土地承包經(jīng)營權、宅基地使用權、集體收益分配權是法律賦予農(nóng)民的財產(chǎn)權利，任何人都不能侵犯。加強土地承包經(jīng)營權流轉(zhuǎn)管理和服務，發(fā)展適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營。嚴格保護耕地。制定出臺農(nóng)村集體土地征收補償條例。扶持發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社、產(chǎn)業(yè)化龍頭企業(yè)，開展多種形式的農(nóng)業(yè)社會化服務，發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險，提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化、組織化程度。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革。推進國有農(nóng)場、林場體制改革，繼續(xù)深化集體林權制度改革。
We will deepen rural reform. We will uphold the basic rural operation system. We will work diligently to determine, register, and certify land ownership. Farmers' rights to the land they contract to work on, to the land on which their houses sit, and to proceeds from collective undertakings are property rights conferred by law, and these rights must not to be violated by anyone. We will provide better supervision and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop farming operations on an appropriately large scale. We will place farmland under strict protection, and formulate and promulgate regulations concerning compensation for the expropriation of rural collective land. We will support large-scale farming by specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises, encourage various sectors of society to provide services for agriculture, develop agricultural insurance, and increase commercialization and specialization in agriculture. We will deepen comprehensive rural reform. We will also reform systems for managing state-owned farms and forest farms and continue to deepen reform of tenure in collective forests.
（四）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式
4. Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development
解決發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題，關鍵在于加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，推進經(jīng)濟結構戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，這既是一個長期過程，也是當前最緊迫的任務。
The key to solving the problems of imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development is to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and carry out strategic adjustment of the economic restructure. This is both a long-term task and our most pressing task at present.
促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結構優(yōu)化升級。推動戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展。建立促進新能源利用的機制，加強統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、項目配套、政策引導，擴大國內(nèi)需求，防止太陽能、風電設備制造能力的盲目擴張。發(fā)展新一代信息技術，加強網(wǎng)絡基礎設施建設，推動三網(wǎng)融合取得實質(zhì)性進展。大力發(fā)展高端裝備制造、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽車、新材料等產(chǎn)業(yè)。擴大技改專項資金規(guī)模，促進傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造升級。以汽車、鋼鐵、造船、水泥等行業(yè)為重點，控制增量，優(yōu)化存量，推動企業(yè)兼并重組，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和規(guī)模效益。落實并完善促進小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展的政策，進一步減輕企業(yè)負擔，激發(fā)科技型小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展活力。實施有利于服務業(yè)發(fā)展的財稅、金融政策，支持社會資本進入服務業(yè)，促進服務業(yè)發(fā)展提速、比重提高、水平提升。
We will improve and upgrade the industrial structure. We will promote the sound development of strategic emerging industries. We will accelerate the establishment of mechanisms that promote the use of new energy sources; strengthen overall planning, auxiliary projects and policy guidance; and expand domestic demand. We will prevent blind expansion in our capacity to manufacture solar energy and wind power equipment. We will develop next-generation information technology, strengthen network infrastructure, and make substantive progress in integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet. We will energetically develop the high-end equipment manufacturing, energy conservation, environmental protection, biopharmaceuticals, new-energy vehicles, and new materials industries. We will increase funding for technological upgrading projects, and press ahead with the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. We will control increases in production capacity, improve existing production facilities, encourage enterprise mergers and reorganizations, and increase industrial concentration and economies of scale, with the focus on the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, and cement industries. We will implement and improve policies to promote the growth of small and micro businesses, further reduce burdens on enterprises, and promote the vibrant growth of small and micro high-tech enterprises. We will implement fiscal, taxation, and financial policies that facilitate the development of the service sector and encourage nongovernmental investment in this sector, in order to promote faster development of the sector, increase its share in the economy, and facilitate its upgrading.
推進節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。節(jié)能減排的關鍵是節(jié)約能源，提高能效，減少污染。要抓緊制定出臺合理控制能源消費總量工作方案，加快理順能源價格體系。綜合運用經(jīng)濟、法律和必要的行政手段，突出抓好工業(yè)、交通、建筑、公共機構、居民生活等重點領域和千家重點耗能企業(yè)節(jié)能減排，進一步淘汰落后產(chǎn)能。加強用能管理，發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)和分布式能源，實施節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度、合同能源管理、政府節(jié)能采購等行之有效的管理方式。優(yōu)化能源結構，推動傳統(tǒng)能源清潔高效利用，安全高效發(fā)展核電，積極發(fā)展水電，加快頁巖氣勘查、開發(fā)攻關，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。加強能源通道建設。深入貫徹節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境基本國策。開展節(jié)能認證和能效標識監(jiān)督檢查，鼓勵節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。加強環(huán)境保護，著力解決重金屬、飲用水源、大氣、土壤、海洋污染等關系民生的突出環(huán)境問題。努力減少農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染。嚴格監(jiān)管危險化學品。今年在京津冀、長三角、珠三角等重點區(qū)域以及直轄市和省會城市開展細顆粒物（PM2．5）等項目監(jiān)測，2015年覆蓋所有地級以上城市。推進生態(tài)建設，建立健全生態(tài)補償機制，促進生態(tài)保護和修復，鞏固天然林保護、退耕還林還草、退牧還草成果，加強草原生態(tài)建設，大力開展植樹造林，推進荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，嚴格保護江河源、濕地、湖泊等重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)。加強適應氣候變化特別是應對極端氣候事件能力建設，提高防災減災能力。堅持共同但有區(qū)別的責任原則和公平原則，建設性推動應對氣候變化國際談判進程。我們要用行動昭告世界，中國絕不靠犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民健康來換取經(jīng)濟增長，我們一定能走出一條生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。
We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment. The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution. We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market. We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises; and close down more outdated production facilities. We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services. We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption. We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes. We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment. We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling; encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources; and vigorously develop a circular economy. We will strengthen environmental protection; strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution; reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources; and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision. We will start monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015. We will improve the ecology, establish a sound system of compensation for ecological damage, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover. We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation; vigorously carry out afforestation; make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland; and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones. We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters. We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change. We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health. We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.
促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，充分發(fā)揮各地特色和優(yōu)勢，進一步提高區(qū)域發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和基本公共服務均等化水平。認真落實西部大開發(fā)新10年的政策措施，加大實施中部地區(qū)崛起戰(zhàn)略的力度，加快推進東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興，積極支持東部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、在更高層次上參與國際競爭與合作。要加大對革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的扶持力度。更好地發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津濱海新區(qū)在改革開放中先行先試的重要作用。制定和實施海洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進海洋經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。加強和完善跨區(qū)域合作機制，消除市場壁壘，促進要素流動，引導產(chǎn)業(yè)有序轉(zhuǎn)移，推動區(qū)域經(jīng)濟良性互動、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
We will enhance balanced economic development among regions. We will implement the master strategy for regional development and the plan for developing functional zones, give full play to the distinctive strengths of each region, better coordinate development among regions, and make delivery of basic public services more equitable. We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures for the large-scale development of the western region in the new decade, work even harder to implement the strategy for the rise of the central region, more quickly revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, and actively support the eastern region in transforming its economy and participating in international competition and cooperation at a higher level. We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas. We will encourage special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play their role of leading the way and exploring new paths in reform and opening up. We will formulate and implement a strategy for marine development, and promote the development of the marine economy. We will strengthen and improve inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, remove market barriers, facilitate the flow of factors of production, guide the orderly transfer of industries, and promote mutually reinforcing and coordinated economic development among regions.
積極穩(wěn)妥推進城鎮(zhèn)化。要遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，從各地實際出發(fā)，促進大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。根據(jù)資源環(huán)境和人口承載能力，優(yōu)化全國生產(chǎn)力布局，形成合理的城鎮(zhèn)體系和與國土規(guī)模、資源分布、發(fā)展?jié)摿ο噙m應的人口布局。各類城市都要夯實經(jīng)濟基礎，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會，完善基礎設施，改善人居環(huán)境，加強管理服務，提升城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量和水平。更加注重把在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和居住的農(nóng)民工有序轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民；放寬中小城市落戶條件，合理引導人口流向，讓更多農(nóng)村富余勞動力就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。加強對農(nóng)民工的人文關懷和服務，著力解決農(nóng)民工在就業(yè)服務、社會保障、子女入園上學、住房租購等方面的實際問題，逐步將城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務覆蓋到農(nóng)民工。關愛留守兒童、留守婦女和留守老人。讓農(nóng)民無論進城還是留鄉(xiāng)，都能安居樂業(yè)、幸福生活。
We will actively yet prudently promote urbanization. We will promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized, and small cities as well as small towns in light of local conditions and in accordance with the laws governing urban development. On the basis of the carrying capacity of China's resources, environment and population, we will improve the distribution of the productive forces across the country, develop cities and towns rationally, and ensure that the geographical distribution of the population is suited to land availability, resources distribution, and development potential. We will strengthen the economic foundation and create job opportunities in all cities, improve their infrastructure and living environment, strengthen urban management and services, and raise the quality and level of urbanization. We will give higher priority to registering rural migrant workers with stable jobs and permanent homes in cities or towns as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner. We will relax eligibility for registering as urban households in small and medium-sized cities, guide the rational flow of the population, and enable more surplus rural workers to find nonagricultural employment in nearby towns and cities. We should care more deeply for rural migrant workers and provide more services to them; resolve difficulties they have in securing employment services, obtaining social security benefits, getting their children enrolled in preschools and schools, and renting or purchasing homes; and gradually extend to them basic public services that are available to urban residents. We will take care of children, women and old people who are left behind by rural migrant workers who work in cities. We will enable rural residents to enjoy a happy life whether they go to the city or stay in the countryside.
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