中國(guó)網(wǎng)站品牌欄目（頻道）
（三）鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收
3. Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, and promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in rural incomes
今年重點(diǎn)抓好五件事：
We will focus on the following five areas.
一是穩(wěn)定發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)。切實(shí)穩(wěn)定種植面積，著力提高單產(chǎn)，優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu)，推進(jìn)全國(guó)新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。
First, we will steadily develop grain production. We will effectively keep the area planted in grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the country’s grain production capacity by 50 million tons.
二是以市場(chǎng)需求為導(dǎo)向調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。支持重要緊缺農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、效益和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。加快實(shí)施新一輪優(yōu)勢(shì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品區(qū)域布局規(guī)劃，支持優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)展油料等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物，穩(wěn)定生豬生產(chǎn)，實(shí)施奶業(yè)振興規(guī)劃，推進(jìn)畜牧水產(chǎn)規(guī)模化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化健康養(yǎng)殖。加強(qiáng)重大動(dòng)植物疫病防控。
Second, we will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand. We will support the production of important agricultural products in short supply, and improve the quality, profitability and competitiveness of agricultural products. We will speed up implementation of the new plan for developing agricultural products in regions with the most suitable conditions. We will support the growing of oil bearing and other cash crops in areas with the most suitable conditions. We will stabilize hog production, implement the plan for reinvigorating the dairy industry, and promote large-scale, standardized, healthy farming practices in animal husbandry and aquaculture. We will strengthen the prevention and control of major animal and plant epidemics.
三是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和農(nóng)村民生工程建設(shè)。大規(guī)模開(kāi)展土地整治，實(shí)行田、水、路、林綜合治理，推進(jìn)中低產(chǎn)田改造，建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田。加快大中型和重點(diǎn)小型病險(xiǎn)水庫(kù)除險(xiǎn)加固進(jìn)度，加強(qiáng)灌區(qū)改造和小型農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)。到明年底，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)全國(guó)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和東中部地區(qū)具備條件的建制村道路硬化，西部地區(qū)具備條件的建制村通公路。再解決6000萬(wàn)人安全飲水問(wèn)題，增加500萬(wàn)沼氣用戶，繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)、郵政通信和社會(huì)事業(yè)等基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)。
Third, we will intensify development of agricultural infrastructure and projects designed to improve the lives of rural people. We will develop land on a large scale and comprehensively improve farmland, water supplies, roads, and forests. We will upgrade low- and medium-yield farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards. We will speed up the reinforcement of large and medium-sized reservoirs and dangerous key small reservoirs. We will further improve irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy facilities. By the end of next year, we will have basically paved the roads linking all towns and townships across the country and all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the eastern and central regions and will have completed the construction of roads connecting all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the western region. In addition, we will provide safe drinking water to another 60 million people and methane to an additional five million households. We will continue to improve rural infrastructure, including power grids, postal service, and telecommunications, and intensify development of rural social programs.
四是多渠道促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收。大力發(fā)展特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，扶持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工和銷(xiāo)售，發(fā)展農(nóng)村二三產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)。
Fourth, we will increase rural incomes in a variety of ways. We will vigorously develop modern agriculture with distinctive local features, support intensive processing and sale of agricultural products, develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, accelerate the development of small towns, and strengthen county economies.
五是加大扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)力度。今年將實(shí)行新的扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)農(nóng)村低收入人口全面實(shí)施扶貧政策。新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到人均1196元，扶貧對(duì)象覆蓋4007萬(wàn)人，這標(biāo)志著我國(guó)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)進(jìn)入一個(gè)新階段。要完善國(guó)家扶貧戰(zhàn)略和政策，加大扶貧資金投入，堅(jiān)持開(kāi)發(fā)式扶貧，重點(diǎn)抓好整村推進(jìn)、勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移培訓(xùn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)化扶貧和移民扶貧，穩(wěn)定解決扶貧對(duì)象溫飽問(wèn)題并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧致富。
Fifth, we will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development. This year, a new poverty line will be adopted and all low-income rural residents will be covered by the poverty relief policy. The threshold will be increased to 1,196 Yuan per person on average, and coverage will be extended to include 40.07 million recipients. This marks the beginning of a new stage in China’s efforts to reduce poverty through development. We need to improve state poverty relief strategies and policies, increase funding, and steadfastly make development the basis of poverty reduction. We will give priority to eradicating poverty at the village level, training rural residents for nonagricultural employment, and reducing poverty through industrial development and relocation of residents so that the poor get the basic necessities, escape poverty, and become prosperous.
全面加強(qiáng)―三農(nóng)‖工作要采取以下措施：
We will take the following measures to comprehensively strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
一要大幅度增加農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村投入。今年中央財(cái)政擬安排―三農(nóng)‖投入7161億元，比上年增加1206億元。大幅度增加對(duì)中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村公益性建設(shè)項(xiàng)目投入，取消縣及縣以下相關(guān)資金配套要求。支持糧食生產(chǎn)的政策措施向主產(chǎn)區(qū)傾斜，加大對(duì)產(chǎn)糧大縣一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付、財(cái)政獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的扶持力度。
First, we will greatly increase funding for agriculture and rural areas. Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers will total 716.1 billion Yuan this year, a year-on-year increase of 120.6 billion Yuan. We will significantly increase funding for rural public facilities in the central and western regions, and relieve governments at and below the county level of the burden of providing supporting funds for them. Greater priority will be given to major grain-producing areas in implementing the policies and measures supporting grain production. More general transfer payments and financial rewards will be provided to major grain-producing counties and greater support given to projects for industrializing grain production.
二要較大幅度提高糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)，保持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格合理水平，提高種糧農(nóng)民積極性。今年小麥、稻谷最低收購(gòu)價(jià)平均每斤分別提高0.11元和0.13元。適時(shí)啟動(dòng)主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)政策，增加糧食、棉花、食用植物油和豬肉儲(chǔ)備，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)調(diào)控。
Second, we will significantly raise minimum grain purchase prices and keep the prices of agricultural products stable at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more. This year the floor price for the purchase of wheat and rice will be increased by 0.22 Yuan and 0.26 Yuan per kilogram on average respectively. We will apply policies in a timely fashion to temporarily purchase and stockpile major agricultural products to build up reserves of grain, cotton, edible oil and pork, and strengthen regulation of the farm products market.
三要進(jìn)一步增加農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼。中央財(cái)政擬安排補(bǔ)貼資金1230億元，比上年增加200億元。繼續(xù)增加糧食直補(bǔ)。加大良種補(bǔ)貼力度，提高補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)水稻、小麥、玉米、棉花全覆蓋，擴(kuò)大油菜和大豆良種補(bǔ)貼范圍，實(shí)施油茶良種補(bǔ)貼。農(nóng)機(jī)具購(gòu)置補(bǔ)貼覆蓋到全國(guó)所有農(nóng)牧業(yè)縣（場(chǎng)），中央財(cái)政擬安排資金130億元，比上年增加90億元。根據(jù)農(nóng)資價(jià)格上漲幅度和農(nóng)作物播種面積，及時(shí)增加農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼。
Third, we will further increase agricultural subsidies. Central government funding for these subsidies will total 123 billion Yuan, an increase of 20 billion Yuan over last year. Direct subsidies to grain producers will continue to increase. We will increase subsidies for the use of superior seed varieties, raise subsidy levels, make subsidies available to all rice, wheat, corn and cotton growers, extend them more widely to canola and soybean farmers, and start to subsidize tea-oil tree planting. The central government will spend 13 billion Yuan, a year-on-year increase of nine billion Yuan, on subsidies to all agricultural and pastoral counties (farms) throughout the country for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools. We will promptly increase general subsidies for agricultural supplies to coordinate with price rises and changes in the acreage planted in various crops.
四要加快新型農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大農(nóng)業(yè)科技投入，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新成果推廣和服務(wù)能力建設(shè)。健全基層農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、動(dòng)植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)，支持供銷(xiāo)合作社、農(nóng)民專(zhuān)業(yè)合作社、龍頭企業(yè)等提供多種形式的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)服務(wù)。
Fourth, we will speed up development of a new system under which various sectors of society provide services for agriculture. We will increase spending on agricultural science and technology, intensify efforts to expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology and become better able to provide agriculture-related technical services. We will improve public service agencies charged with promoting application of agricultural technologies, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and monitoring the quality of agricultural products at the local level. We will support supply and marketing cooperatives, specialized farmer cooperatives and pacesetting enterprises in providing diverse production and operation services.
五要穩(wěn)定完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度?，F(xiàn)有土地承包關(guān)系要保持穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變，賦予農(nóng)民包括離鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)必須堅(jiān)持依法自愿有償?shù)脑瓌t。
Fifth, we will stabilize and improve the basic rural operation system. We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come, and enhance and better protect the land contract and management rights enjoyed by rural residents, including migrant workers who are away from their home villages. The transfer of land use rights must occur on a compensated, voluntary basis and be conducted in accordance with the law.
堅(jiān)持和落實(shí)最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度和最嚴(yán)格的節(jié)約用地制度，嚴(yán)守18億畝耕地紅線不動(dòng)搖。推進(jìn)集體林權(quán)制度改革。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革。加快鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。積極穩(wěn)妥化解鄉(xiāng)村債務(wù)。
We will adhere to and apply the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing on the use of land, and do everything in our power to keep the total amount of arable land above the red line of 120 million hectares. Reform of the system of collective forest rights will move forward. Overall rural reform will be deepened. We will accelerate reform of town and township government departments and work actively yet prudently to ease the debts of townships and villages.
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