這兩天，微博上好些大號都在發(fā)巴黎鬧水災(zāi)，盧浮宮關(guān)閉的消息和圖片，滿眼一片汪洋。

在國內(nèi)，南方多地遭暴雨襲擊，強(qiáng)降雨已致南方9省份164.7萬人受災(zāi)。國家防總消息顯示，多條江河水位已經(jīng)超過1998年同期水位。

媒體在報道強(qiáng)降雨以及水災(zāi)的時候，主要關(guān)注受災(zāi)情況、應(yīng)對措施以及未來預(yù)期。

下面，我們就從上述這三個方面一起來學(xué)學(xué)英文媒體在報道巴黎水災(zāi)和中國南方暴雨災(zāi)害時的常用表達(dá)。

【受災(zāi)情況】

國內(nèi)：

Pedestrians walk on a flooded street in Jiujiang, east China's Jiangxi
Province, June 1, 2016. Torrential rain hit the city and caused flood.
(Xinhua/Hu Guolin)

More than ten cities and counties in Guangxi were hit by floods in the last three days.
過去三天，廣西有十多個城鎮(zhèn)遭遇水災(zāi)。

About 592 people were displaced, and 27,800 people were affected.
約592人被轉(zhuǎn)移，27800人受災(zāi)。

Direct economic loss totaled 28 million yuan.
造成的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失達(dá)2800萬元。

巴黎：

Nearly a week of heavy rain has led to serious flooding across parts of France, Germany, Romania and Belgium.
近一周的強(qiáng)降雨導(dǎo)致法國、德國、羅馬尼亞和比利時部分地區(qū)遭遇洪水災(zāi)害。

The death toll from flooding in France rose to four, with 24 others injured, French Prime Minister Manuel Valls said Saturday after a government crisis meeting, bringing the flooding death toll across Europe to 18.
法國總理表示，洪災(zāi)已導(dǎo)致法國4人死亡，24人受傷，歐洲各國死亡總數(shù)達(dá)到18人。

The Seine had breached 6 meters in central Paris, submerging riverside roads, swamping small businesses on quaysides and forcing the closure of an underground commuter line.
塞納河沖破6米警戒水位，淹沒了河邊的道路，河水淹進(jìn)碼頭區(qū)的小店鋪，并致使一條地鐵線路關(guān)閉。

The heavy flooding of the past week could cost French insurance companies some 600 million euros ($680.5 million) or more.
過去一周的嚴(yán)重水災(zāi)或使法國各保險公司支付超過6億歐元的保費(fèi)。

常用詞小結(jié)

hit: 打擊、襲擊，這個詞的主語一定是heavy rain、flood等自然災(zāi)害，受災(zāi)的一方是be hit by...

displace：移走，如果說someone was displaced，我們也可以理解為“某人被迫離開家”或者“背井離鄉(xiāng)”

breach：這個詞我們不陌生，表示“違背、破壞”的意思，在鬧水災(zāi)的時候，一般指河水沖破了警戒水位

submerge：（使）沒入水中（it goes below the surface of water）

swamp：（水）淹進(jìn)某地（it fills it with water）

death toll：死亡人數(shù)

【應(yīng)對措施】

國內(nèi)：

As of Wednesday evening, more than 100 trapped people had been rescued and more than 1,000 evacuated to safer places.
截止周三晚間，已有100多名被困群眾被解救，另有1000多人被疏散到安全地區(qū)。

The observatory urged local authorities to step up preparatory work against possible mountain floods, landslides and mud-rock flows.
中央氣象臺提醒當(dāng)?shù)卣泳o做好應(yīng)對可能發(fā)生的山洪、山體滑坡、泥石流等災(zāi)害。

The Louvre and Orsay museums in Paris moved scores of artworks and precious artifacts to safety and soldiers evacuated residents trapped in some of the French capital's suburbs as the rain-swollen river Seine hit its highest level in 35 years.
受降雨影響、水位暴漲的塞納河到達(dá)35年內(nèi)最高水位，盧浮宮和奧賽博物館將數(shù)十件藝術(shù)品和珍貴手工藝品轉(zhuǎn)移至安全地帶，士兵們協(xié)助困在巴黎城郊的居民撤離。

Authorities shut the Louvre museum, the national library, the Orsay museum and the Grand Palais, Paris' striking glass-and-steel topped exhibition center.
政府關(guān)閉了盧浮宮、國家圖書館、奧賽博物館以及巴黎大皇宮，后者是巴黎最具吸引力的一處展覽中心，頂部由玻璃和鋼結(jié)構(gòu)封頂。

常用詞小結(jié)

trap：陷入困境，卡住

rescue：救援，常說的“救災(zāi)救援”就可以用disaster relief and rescue表示

evacuate：疏散、撤離，名詞形式為evacuation

【未來預(yù)期】

國內(nèi)：

Heavy rain will pound parts of southwest China in the next three days, China's national observatory forecast on Sunday.
中央氣象臺周日表示，未來三天，中國西南地區(qū)還將迎來強(qiáng)降雨。

The observatory issued a blue alert, the least serious of the nation's four-tier warning system, for torrential weather as hails and thunderstorm are expected in some parts of Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Guangdong provinces on Sunday and Monday.
中央氣象臺發(fā)布了暴雨藍(lán)雨預(yù)警，山西、河北、河南、山東和廣東等省部分地區(qū)周日和周一將有冰雹和雷暴天氣。

巴黎：

Officials said the river could peak at 6.50 meters later on Friday, and warned flood waters could take several weeks to recede after the wettest May in France for 100 years.
有官員表示，塞納河水位周五可能會到達(dá)6.5米高位，洪水可能需要數(shù)周才能退去。今年5月是巴黎10年來雨水最多的一個月。

常用詞小結(jié)

downpour 暴雨

storm/tempest/rainstorm 暴風(fēng)雨

thundershower 雷陣雨

thunderstorm 雷暴

hail 冰雹

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

flash floods 山洪暴發(fā)

water level 水位

flood level 洪水水位

warning level 警戒水位

watercourses 河道/水道

water discharge 排水量

water volume 水量

water reservoirs 水庫

（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen）