世界衛(wèi)生組織將“過(guò)勞”列入新版《國(guó)際疾病分類》。從今往后，“過(guò)勞”也將成為一種疾病。最新版分類將于2022年生效，它將為醫(yī)療服務(wù)提供者和保險(xiǎn)公司認(rèn)定、治療和承?！斑^(guò)勞”癥狀提供依據(jù)。

Burn-out is a phrase you might’ve heard banded around over the years to describe feeling physically and emotionally run down.

多年來(lái)你可能一直聽(tīng)到人們用“精疲力盡”這個(gè)詞來(lái)形容身體和情感上的疲憊。

While some could’ve been tempted to dismiss burn-out as millennial jargon, it has now been added to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases, meaning that it will become a globally-recognized medical condition as of 2022.

一些人可能會(huì)忍不住把“精疲力盡”當(dāng)作千禧一代的流行詞匯而不予理會(huì)，而如今它已被列入世界衛(wèi)生組織《國(guó)際疾病分類》，這意味著從2022年起，“過(guò)勞”將成為一種被全球承認(rèn)的疾病。

The WHO defines burn-out as “chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed”.

根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的定義，過(guò)勞指“未得到妥善應(yīng)對(duì)的長(zhǎng)期工作壓力”。

It characterizes the condition with the following symptoms: feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one’s job; and reduced professional efficacy.

它表現(xiàn)出的癥狀特征為：感覺(jué)精力耗盡或精疲力盡；與工作的心理距離增加，與工作有關(guān)的消極或憤世嫉俗的情緒；職業(yè)效能降低。

cynicism ['s?n?s?z(?)m]：n.玩世不恭，憤世嫉俗

The WHO only refers to such feelings within work environments and clarifies that burn-out should not be applied to describe symptoms caused by other life situations.

世界衛(wèi)生組織此番歸類僅僅指向工作環(huán)境中產(chǎn)生的上述感覺(jué)，并闡明不應(yīng)該用“過(guò)勞”來(lái)描述由其他生活狀況引起的癥狀。

A spokesperson for the WHO told Agence Presse France on Monday that it’s the “first time” burn-out has been classified as a medical condition by any official health body.

本周一（5月27日），世界衛(wèi)生組織的一位發(fā)言人對(duì)法新社表示，這是官方健康機(jī)構(gòu)“首次”將過(guò)勞列為一種疾病。

The phrase “burn-out syndrome” is credited to German-born psychologist Herbert Freudenberger, who used the term in a 1974 study of the condition.

德國(guó)出生的心理學(xué)家赫伯特·弗羅伊登伯格在1974年對(duì)這種情況的研究中首次使用了“疲勞綜合征”這個(gè)表達(dá)。

Freudenberger analyzed the phenomenon after he observed it in some of his colleagues, who described themselves as being “burnt out” and later also experienced it himself.

弗羅伊登伯在他的一些同事身上觀察到這種現(xiàn)象后進(jìn)行了分析。他的一些同事稱自己“精力耗盡”，后來(lái)他本人也經(jīng)歷了這種情況。

The psychologist described the state of being burnt out as “becoming exhausted by making excessive demands on energy, strength, or resources”.

這位心理學(xué)家將“過(guò)勞”的狀態(tài)描述為“對(duì)能量、力量或資源的過(guò)度需求使人精疲力竭。”

In January 2019, a Buzzfeed article titled How Millennials Became the Burnout Generation went viral. Writer Anne Helen Peterson was praised for accurately describing how and why the condition is impacting people aged 18 to 34 and in some cases rendering them emotionally and physically paralyzed.

2019年1月，Buzzfeed網(wǎng)站上一篇題為《千禧一代如何成為過(guò)勞一代》的文章走紅。作家安妮·海倫·彼得森在文章中準(zhǔn)確描述了這種疾病影響18歲至34歲人群的方式及原因，以及在某些情況下使他們?cè)谇楦泻蜕眢w上精疲力竭的原因，并因此受到稱贊。

However, unlike the WHO, Peterson recognizes burn-out in areas outside of the workplace, writing: “Burnout and the behaviors and weight that accompany it aren’t, in fact, something we can cure by going on vacation.

然而，與世界衛(wèi)生組織的意見(jiàn)不同，彼得森也承認(rèn)人們?cè)诠ぷ鲌?chǎng)合之外的“過(guò)勞”狀況。她寫道：“事實(shí)上，過(guò)勞以及伴隨而來(lái)的行為和體重影響并不是我們可以通過(guò)度假來(lái)治愈的。”

“It’s not limited to workers in acutely high-stress environments. And it’s not a temporary affliction: It’s the millennial condition. It’s our base temperature. It’s our background music. It’s the way things are. It’s our lives.”

“這并不局限于處于強(qiáng)烈高壓環(huán)境中的職場(chǎng)人士。這不是暫時(shí)的痛苦：這是千禧一代的情況。這是我們所處的基本溫度，聽(tīng)到的背景音樂(lè)。事情就是這樣，這就是我們的生活?！?/p>

英文來(lái)源：獨(dú)立報(bào)

翻譯&編輯：yaning