在中國人民志愿軍抗美援朝出國作戰(zhàn)70周年之際，外文出版社與軍事科學(xué)出版社隆重推出了《抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭史》英文版。這是由中國軍史專家編寫，全面、系統(tǒng)向國際社會呈現(xiàn)抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭歷史的第一部英文著作。

該書由中國國內(nèi)翻譯軍事著作的權(quán)威機構(gòu)軍事科學(xué)院外國軍事研究部翻譯。英文版稿件由作者、譯者及中國外文局專家共同修訂，政治觀點鮮明，學(xué)術(shù)視角開放，是一部權(quán)威、系統(tǒng)對外表達(dá)中國對抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭歷史基本觀點的重要著作。我們從書中選取了一批漢英對照關(guān)鍵詞，供大家參考。

1.抗美援朝、保家衛(wèi)國

resist US aggressors and aid Korea to defend the motherland

例句：“抗美援朝、保家衛(wèi)國”的戰(zhàn)略決策，是中共中央政治局根據(jù)當(dāng)時的形勢作出的，是基于支援朝鮮人民反抗美國侵略和保衛(wèi)中國國家安全的共同需要作出的。
譯文：The strategic decision of “resist US aggressors and aid Korea to defend the motherland” was made by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of CPC based on the analysis of the situation at that time, and met the needs of both assisting the Korean people and safeguarding Chinese national security.

2.一草一木

every tree and every blade of grass

例句：要保持和發(fā)揚人民軍隊的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，處處關(guān)心和愛護朝鮮人民的利益，尊重朝鮮人民的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。要像在國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爭對待本國人民一樣來對待朝鮮人民，愛護朝鮮的一山一水一草一木。
譯文：The CPVs should maintain and carry forward the fine traditions of the people’s army, always care and protect the interests of the Korean people, and respect the customs of the Korean people. The CPVs should treat the Korean people in the same way as they treat the Chinese people during the civil war and cherish every hill, every river, every tree and every blade of grass in Korea.

3.仁川登陸

landing in Inchon

例句：特別是侵朝美軍在仁川登陸后，其地面部隊越過三八線大舉向中朝邊境進(jìn)犯，嚴(yán)重威脅了中國大陸的安全，朝鮮勞動黨和朝鮮政府請求中國直接出動軍隊援助朝鮮人民作戰(zhàn)。
譯文：Especially after the American troops’ landing in Inchon, their ground forces crossed the 38th Parallel and intruded toward the frontiers of China, which posed grim threat to the safety of China’s mainland. The Korean Workers’ Party and Korean government requested China to enter the war on the side of North Korea.

4.三八線

the 38th Parallel

例句1：經(jīng)過第一、第二兩次戰(zhàn)役的較量，志愿軍就將已進(jìn)至鴨綠江邊的“聯(lián)合國軍”，全部打退到三八線及以南地區(qū)，從而根本扭轉(zhuǎn)了朝鮮戰(zhàn)局。
譯文1：After the first and the second campaigns, the CPVs drove the UN Forces that had advanced to the Yalu River back to the 38th Parallel and further south, ultimately changing the situations of the Korean War.

例句2：這個備忘錄將美國在朝鮮的終極目標(biāo)和當(dāng)前目標(biāo)作了明確區(qū)分，確定美國在朝鮮的當(dāng)前目標(biāo)是在三八線地區(qū)建立一條有利的防線，尋求締結(jié)停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定，結(jié)束朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭。
譯文2：This Policy memorandum clearly defined ultimate objectives and current objectives of the US in Korea and confirmed that the current goal of the US in Korea was to establish a favorable defensive line in the 38th Parallel area and seek conclusion of an armistice agreement to end the Korean War.

5.追擊

chase and attack

例句：大田戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束后，朝鮮人民軍士氣更旺，不停頓地發(fā)起第四次戰(zhàn)役，向南推進(jìn)，追擊敵軍，力圖以快速的推進(jìn)，打亂美軍和南朝鮮軍的部署，搶渡洛東江，解放全部國土。
譯文：After the Taejeon Campaign, the Korean People’s Army, in a high morale, launched the Fourth Campaign without a pause, pushing to the south to chase and attack the enemy in an effort to break the deployment of the US Army and the South Korean Army, cross the Nakdong River, and finally liberate the whole Korea.

6.上甘嶺

Sanggamryong

例句1：上甘嶺有失，五圣山就直接受到威脅；五圣山若失，“聯(lián)合國軍”居高臨下，志愿軍在平康平原就很難立足。因此志愿軍必須守住上甘嶺。上甘嶺成為兩軍必爭之地。
譯文1：If Sanggamryong were lost, Osongsan would be at risk, and if Osonsan fell thereafter, CPVs troops could not stand firm in Pyonggang while the UN Forces overlooking from the hilltop. For that reason, the CPVs had to hold Sanggamryong firmly, making it a place of vital importance to be wrestled for control by both sides.

例句2：上甘嶺戰(zhàn)役的勝利，使志愿軍和人民軍在整個正面戰(zhàn)場完全掌握了主動權(quán)。而“聯(lián)合國軍”對在正面戰(zhàn)線取得勝利，完全失去了信心。南朝鮮戰(zhàn)史承認(rèn)：“在整個冬季，無論防御或進(jìn)攻，主動權(quán)均被以優(yōu)勢兵力為后盾的敵人所奪去。”
譯文2：The CPVs and the KPA forces retained the complete initiative on the battle front through successful operations in the Sanggamryong Campaign. The UN Forces, however, had no confidence at all in winning any battle on the front lines. They conceded, as recorded in a South Korean war history book, that “throughout the winter, the enemy superior in number has firmly grasped the initiative in both the offensive and defensive operations.”

7.金城戰(zhàn)役

the Kimsong Campaign

例句：金城戰(zhàn)役是抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭的最后一次戰(zhàn)役。這次戰(zhàn)役本來是不該發(fā)生的，如果沒有李承晚集團破壞戰(zhàn)俘遣返協(xié)議，阻撓朝鮮停戰(zhàn)實現(xiàn)，那么朝鮮停戰(zhàn)在1953年6月底以前即可實現(xiàn)。
譯文：The Kimsong Campaign was the last major action of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. The battles should not have been fought, and an armistice would have been realized by the end of June 1953, had it not been for the Rhee authorities to wreck the POWs repatriation agreement and block the armistice process.

8.停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定

the Armistice Agreement

例句1：歷史的時針指向1953年7月27日。這天上午，朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭敵對雙方將在板門店新建起的凸字形大廳內(nèi)，舉行莊嚴(yán)的停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定簽字儀式。
譯文1：It was July 27 1953, a historic time. The two sides of the Korean War held a solemn armistice agreement signing ceremony in the newly built hall at Panmunjom that morning.

例句2：此后，中國人民志愿軍又進(jìn)行了維護朝鮮停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定的斗爭和幫助朝鮮人民恢復(fù)家園的工作，直至1958年10月全部撤出朝鮮回國。
譯文2：Afterward, the Chinese People’s Volunteers worked to preserve the Korean Armistice Agreement and helped Korean people rebuild their country till October 1958, when all Chinese troops withdrew from Korea.