中國新聞社記者：總理您好。前兩年住院費(fèi)用的異地報(bào)銷問題得到了解決，極大便利了異地就醫(yī)。但是很多人外出打工，也有不少老年人是異地養(yǎng)老，他們門診的看病開藥還需要回原籍報(bào)銷，非常不方便，所以請問門診費(fèi)用的報(bào)銷何時(shí)能得到解決？
China News Service: Mr. Premier, in the past couple of years, we realized the inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of hospitalization bills through individual accounts of basic medical insurance, making access to medical services away from one's hometown much easier. However, that is not yet the case for expenses incurred by seeing a doctor or taking prescription drugs for the many living and working in cities away from their home places, including the elderly people. This means they have to pay the bills upfront and travel back to their hometowns to have the bills settled. When can we realize the inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of outpatient bills?

李克強(qiáng)：我在中國政府網(wǎng)的實(shí)名留言中，也看到了這類問題。的確，在一些學(xué)校門口，大家看到很多老人在接送孩子，這些老人不少是異地養(yǎng)老的，或者就是來幫子女帶孩子的。他們中有人經(jīng)常為異地報(bào)銷醫(yī)療費(fèi)奔波煩惱，這個問題應(yīng)該下決心逐步解決。今年我們要擴(kuò)大門診費(fèi)用跨省直接報(bào)銷的范圍，到明年年底前每個縣都要確定一個定點(diǎn)的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)，能夠直接報(bào)銷包括門診費(fèi)在內(nèi)的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，不能再讓這些老人為此煩心。這件事，還有類似的事，看似不大，政府工作人員多費(fèi)些心，就可以讓老人、讓家庭多一點(diǎn)舒心。
Premier Li: This is an issue that has been raised by many people in their real-name-based posts on the Chinese government's portal website. When we pass school gates, it is often elderly people that we see who are sending children to school or picking them up. I suppose many of them are out-of-towners who are just in the city to help with caring for their grandchildren. They often face the hassle of traveling back to their hometowns to reimburse their medical expenses. The government is determined to have this problem resolved over time. By the end of this year, we will further expand the coverage of inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of outpatient bills. By the end of next year, every county will have one designated medical institution which will be able to settle on-the-spot inter-provincially outpatient bills and other medical expenses. We should free elderly people from such trouble. Like other similar issues, this may not seem to be a very big thing. Yet if government officials care more and do more on these fronts, they will make life much easier for the elderly people and their families.

鳳凰衛(wèi)視記者：過去一年香港因?yàn)橐咔轱柺艽驌簦磥韮赡暧謱⑦M(jìn)入選舉年，此時(shí)全國人大會議就完善香港的選舉制度作出了決定，人大常委會將就香港選舉的相關(guān)法律進(jìn)行修改。外界對于“一國兩制”如何繼續(xù)實(shí)踐充滿關(guān)注。您認(rèn)為“一國兩制”在香港將來要如何行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)？
Phoenix TV: In the past year, COVID-19 dealt a heavy blow to Hong Kong. In the next couple of years, Hong Kong will enter into an important period of elections. At this year's NPC session, a decision was adopted to improve the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). The Standing Committee of the NPC will amend relevant law. There is extensive attention on the future implementation of One Country, Two Systems. How to ensure the steady implementation of One Country, Two Systems in the Hong Kong SAR?

李克強(qiáng)：我們明確提出，要繼續(xù)全面準(zhǔn)確地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方針，嚴(yán)格依照憲法和基本法辦事，落實(shí)好特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制，全力支持特區(qū)政府和行政長官依法施政。
Premier Li: We have made it clear that we will continue to fully and faithfully implement the principle of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy. We will continue to act in strict accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, fully implement the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong SAR, and fully support the SAR government and its Chief Executive in administration according to law.

剛才你問到全國人大就完善香港選舉制度作出決定，決定很明確，就是要堅(jiān)持和完善“一國兩制”的制度體系，始終堅(jiān)持“愛國者治港”，也是為了確保“一國兩制”行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)。
As for the NPC decision on improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong SAR you asked about, the purpose of the decision is clear-cut: it is to uphold and improve the system and institutions of One Country, Two Systems, uphold the principle of "patriots administering Hong Kong", and ensure steady implementation of One Country, Two Systems.

去年香港受到了多重沖擊，我們希望香港各界能夠攜起手來盡早戰(zhàn)勝疫情，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)性增長，改善民生，保持香港長期繁榮穩(wěn)定。中央政府會繼續(xù)全力給予支持。
Last year, Hong Kong suffered multiple disruptions. We hope people from all walks of life in the Hong Kong SAR will work together to defeat the virus at an early date, revive economic growth, improve people's living standards and maintain Hong Kong's long-term prosperity and stability. The Central Government will continue to give Hong Kong full support.

中央廣播電視總臺央視記者：國家提出建設(shè)科技強(qiáng)國，但是目前在一些重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)上我們還存在短板，甚至出現(xiàn)了“卡脖子”的情況。與此同時(shí)，我們還看到了一些急功近利的現(xiàn)象，比如在一些地區(qū)，一些高新產(chǎn)業(yè)項(xiàng)目的大規(guī)模投入出現(xiàn)了爛尾。請問您如何看待這樣的情況？未來政府在推動科技創(chuàng)新方面還會有哪些新的舉措？
CCTV: China said it will make the country strong in science and technology. Yet our capability in some key areas still falls short, and certain critical technologies are still dependent on foreign supply. Some research seems to be oriented at quick success, and some high-tech projects in some regions with heavy investment have failed to deliver. How do you see such a situation? And what measures will the government take to spur innovation in science and technology?

李克強(qiáng)：多年來，我國在科技創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域有一些重大突破，在應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域發(fā)展得也很快，但是在基礎(chǔ)研究領(lǐng)域的確存在著不足。要建設(shè)科技強(qiáng)國，提升科技創(chuàng)新能力，必須打牢基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究這個根基。打多深的基，才能蓋多高的樓。不能急功近利，要一步一個腳印地走。
Premier Li: Our country has achieved major breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovations over the years, and application-oriented innovation has been developing fast. But it is also true that our basic research is inadequate. To make our country strong in science and technology and enhance the ability to make innovations, we must solidify the foundation, which is basic research and application-oriented basic research, as the height of a building is determined by the depth of its foundation. We must reject any temptation for quick success, and take solid steps one at a time.

目前我國全社會研發(fā)投入占GDP的比重還不高，尤其是基礎(chǔ)研究投入只占到研發(fā)投入的6%，而發(fā)達(dá)國家通常是15%到25%。我們下一步要加大基礎(chǔ)研究的投入，還要繼續(xù)改革科技體制，讓科研人員有自主權(quán)，很重要的是要讓科研人員有經(jīng)費(fèi)使用的自主權(quán)，不能讓科研人員把寶貴的精力花在填表、評比等事務(wù)上，還是要讓他們心無旁騖去搞研究，厚積才能薄發(fā)。講到這里，我想對青年學(xué)生們說幾句話，不管你們將來從事什么職業(yè)、有什么樣的志向，一定要注意加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)知識學(xué)習(xí)，打牢基本功和培育創(chuàng)新能力是并行不悖的。樹高千尺，營養(yǎng)還在根部。把基礎(chǔ)打牢了，將來就可以觸類旁通，行行都可以寫出精彩。
Our R&D spending as a percentage of GDP is still modest, especially in terms of basic research. It only accounts for six percent of total R&D spending whereas the number in developed countries ranges between 15 to 25 percent. We will continue to increase input in basic research. We will also carry out institutional reforms regarding science and technology. One very important aspect of granting scientists and researchers greater autonomy is for them to have a bigger say in deciding how research funds will be used. These people should not have to spend their valuable time and energy on doing paperwork or competing for awards. They should be able to stay fully concentrated on doing research, and they will be able to accomplish something big when they are well-grounded in their areas of specialty. Here I would also like to say a few words to young students. No matter what job you want to do, or what dream you have for your life in the future, be sure to lay a solid foundation in essential knowledge and skills. Laying such a foundation and boosting your capacity for innovation are mutually reinforcing. The nutrients for a giant tree come from its root. Laying a solid foundation in knowledge and skills will open many doors and help you lead a fulfilling life.

創(chuàng)新還是要依靠市場的力量。企業(yè)是創(chuàng)新的主體。“十四五”期間政府會繼續(xù)加大科技投入，同時(shí)要更多地依靠社會力量來加大研發(fā)投入，所以我們要增加“全社會”這個口徑下的研發(fā)投入。這就需要采用一些機(jī)制。比如今年我們采取對制造業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用投入加計(jì)扣除100%的措施，這實(shí)際上是一項(xiàng)稅收優(yōu)惠，就是想通過市場化普惠制的辦法，使企業(yè)投資研發(fā)有動力。當(dāng)然，研發(fā)要靠人才，中國的人才資源是豐富的。我們一方面要讓領(lǐng)軍拔尖人才脫穎而出，另一方面也要看到普通人也有上上智。這些年我們推動“雙創(chuàng)”，形成“眾創(chuàng)”局面，推動了應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新，也給整體創(chuàng)新帶來了更大空間。
We must rely on market forces in driving innovations. Companies are the most important force. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the government will continue to scale up inputs, and we also need to rely more on private actors in boosting their R&D spending. Hence our R&D spending increase needs to come from all stakeholders. This would require institutional arrangement in policy support. This year we will introduce the tax incentive of raising the extra tax deduction on the R&D expenses of manufacturing firms to 100 percent. This is a market-oriented and inclusive tax break measure aiming to keep companies driven to scale up inputs in research and development. We have a wealth of talent in China who are critical for R&D. In addition to enabling leading professionals to succeed, we should also recognize that there could be extraordinary wisdom among ordinary people. That is why in recent years we have been encouraging business startups and innovations among the general public. And this initiative has created enormous space for application-oriented innovation and overall innovation.

我們說科技要自立自強(qiáng)，科學(xué)家要發(fā)奮努力，這和國際合作、同行交流是并行不悖的。科學(xué)探索和發(fā)明發(fā)現(xiàn)是需要合作的，需要共同努力。封閉不會有前途，斷鏈對誰都沒有好處。中國愿意在保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)上，同各國加強(qiáng)科技領(lǐng)域的合作，共同促進(jìn)人類文明進(jìn)步。
China's effort to strengthen itself in science and technology needs the efforts of Chinese scientists. Yet it is also compatible with promoting international cooperation and exchanges among global scientists. Scientific explorations, discoveries and inventions call for cooperation and joint efforts. Isolation will lead nowhere and severance of industrial or supply chains will do no one good. Based on protecting intellectual property, China is ready to enhance cooperation with all other countries in science and technology to jointly promote progress of human civilization.

美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)記者：美中兩國關(guān)系在過去幾年跌入建交以來的低谷，中方高層官員多次表示這是由于特朗普政府實(shí)施極端錯誤的反華政策造成的，他們也希望，美國拜登政府可以撥亂反正。但是許多來自華盛頓的聲音表示中方的判斷和立場忽視了重要的兩點(diǎn)：一個就是雙邊關(guān)系惡化是雙方的原因，而不是中方常說的責(zé)任完全在美方；還有一點(diǎn)就是在對華態(tài)度以及重大政策上，無論是疫情溯源還是香港、新疆等問題，美國的民主和共和兩黨其實(shí)有著高度的共識。請問您對這種來自美國的觀點(diǎn)有何回應(yīng)？尤其是在美中兩國將于下周在阿拉斯加舉行拜登上臺之后的首次高級別會談之際，中方會不會調(diào)整或者改變相關(guān)政策立場，推動雙邊關(guān)系的重啟和修復(fù)？
CNN: Mr. Premier, US-China relations hit a low point in the past several years since the establishment of diplomatic ties. In their recent statements, Chinese officials cited the highly erroneous anti-China policies of the Trump administration as the reason for that. Their message to the new US administration under President Biden is to right the wrongs. But many people in Washington, D.C. believe that two important points are overlooked in China's position and judgement. That is, both sides are responsible for the worsening of the bilateral relationship, not as what China said, the responsibility lies solely with the US side. The other is, there is a high bipartisan consensus in Washington, D.C. in the attitude and major policy toward China, including on the origins of the coronavirus, Hong Kong and Xinjiang. How would you respond to this? Moreover, as the two countries are about to hold the first high-level consultations since the beginning of the Biden administration in Alaska next week, is China also prepared to adjust or alter its position and policy on related issues to reset and improve its relations with the United States?

李克強(qiáng)：過去幾年中美關(guān)系的確遭遇了嚴(yán)重的困難，給兩國和世界都帶來了不利的影響。中美作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家和最大的發(fā)達(dá)國家，合則兩利、斗則俱傷。中美建交40多年了，風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，能越過坎坷向前走，還是因?yàn)榉鲜澜绨l(fā)展趨勢，符合兩國的根本利益。我們希望雙方按照習(xí)近平主席最近和拜登總統(tǒng)通話的精神，尊重彼此的核心利益和重大關(guān)切，互不干涉內(nèi)政和內(nèi)部事務(wù)，秉持不沖突不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏的原則，推動兩國關(guān)系向著健康穩(wěn)定的方向發(fā)展。這既符合兩國人民的利益，也是國際社會的期待。
Premier Li: In the past several years, China-US relations encountered great difficulties, which has adversely affected both countries and the world. As the world's largest developing and developed countries, China and the United States both stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. In the past forty-plus years of diplomatic ties, China-US relations have gone through some twists and turns, but kept moving forward by overcoming obstacles. This is in keeping with the trend of world development and the fundamental interests of both countries. We hope that the two countries will act in the spirit of the phone conversation between President Xi Jinping and President Joe Biden, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, refrain from interfering in each other's internal affairs and work for sustained and healthy development of China-US relations in line with the principle of no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation. That is in the interest of people of both countries. It is also what the international community hopes to see.

中美兩國歷史文化、發(fā)展階段、社會制度不同，彼此相處難免會有矛盾、有分歧，有的時(shí)候甚至比較尖銳，關(guān)鍵是如何對待。中美兩國人民是有智慧、有能力的，雙方還是要相互尊重、平等相待地進(jìn)行對話溝通。我們希望中美有多領(lǐng)域、多層次的對話，即便一時(shí)達(dá)不成共識，也可以交換意見、增信釋疑，這有利于管控和化解分歧。
China and the United States are different in historical background, cultural heritage, stage of development and social system. Some differences and disagreements are hardly avoidable, and some could be quite acute. But what matters most is how these differences and disagreements are handled. The Chinese and American peoples have the wisdom and capability. The two sides need to have dialogue and exchanges based on mutual respect and equality. We hope to see dialogue in multiple areas and at various levels. Even if we cannot work things out anytime soon, such exchange of views will help boost trust and dispel misgivings. It will also help us better manage and mitigate our differences.

中美兩國有著廣泛的共同利益，有許多可以合作的領(lǐng)域。在去年多重沖擊的背景下，中美兩國的貿(mào)易規(guī)模仍然達(dá)到4.1萬億元，增長8.8%。我們還是應(yīng)當(dāng)把更多精力放在共同點(diǎn)上，去擴(kuò)大共同利益。中美兩國作為聯(lián)合國安理會常任理事國，對于維護(hù)世界和平穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)世界繁榮發(fā)展，都有重要責(zé)任。應(yīng)該推動中美關(guān)系越過坎坷往前看，向著總體穩(wěn)定的方向走。
China and the United States have common interests. There are many areas where the two countries can cooperate. Last year, China-US trade bucked the trend and reached 4.1 trillion yuan, up by 8.8 percent over the previous year. The two countries need to put more energy on their common ground and expand converging interests. As permanent members of the UN Security Council, the two countries shoulder important responsibility for maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global prosperity and progress. We need to be future-oriented and overcome obstacles to move China-US relations in a direction of overall stability.