隨著寒冬逼近，歐洲人再也坐不住了。受天然氣供給限制、價格飆升影響，歐洲人開始“各顯神通”尋求取暖的辦法。不少人將目光投向另一種取暖物資——木材。據(jù)福布斯網(wǎng)站10月8日報道，在法國，一噸木屑棒的價格飆升至600歐元（約合人民幣4154元），而在瑞典，均價近55000元的高端品牌爐具需要等上數(shù)月才能訂購到。

Not far from Berlin’s Tempelhof airport, Peter Engelke is putting up a new security gate at his warehouse because of concerns about desperate people pilfering his stock. The precious asset at risk is firewood.
在距離柏林坦佩爾霍夫機場不遠的地方，彼得·恩格爾克正在給自家倉庫安裝新的防盜門，因為擔(dān)心有人走投無路來偷他的存貨。這些有被盜風(fēng)險的珍貴資產(chǎn)其實是木柴。

Engelke’s actions reflect growing anxiety across Europe as the continent braces for energy shortfalls, and possibly blackouts, this winter.
從恩格爾克的舉動可以看出，歐洲各地對今年冬天能源短缺和可能停電的擔(dān)憂與日俱增。

At a summit in Prague on Friday, European Union leaders fell short of agreeing on a price cap for gas amid concerns that any such move could threaten supplies to the region. As much as 70% of European heating comes from natural gas and electricity, and with Russian deliveries drastically reduced, wood — already used by some 40 million people for heating — has become a sought-after commodity.
10月7日在布拉格舉辦的峰會上，歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人未能就天然氣價格上限問題達成一致，因為擔(dān)心類似舉動可能影響對該地區(qū)的天然氣供應(yīng)。歐洲70%的供暖系統(tǒng)依靠天然氣和電力，而由于俄羅斯對歐洲的天然氣供應(yīng)急劇下降，木材已經(jīng)成為搶手貨。已經(jīng)有大約4000千萬人靠木材取暖。

Prices for wood pellets have nearly doubled to 600 euros a ton in France, and there are signs of panic buying of the world’s most basic fuel. Hungary even went so far as to ban exports of pellets, and Romania capped firewood prices for six months. Meanwhile, wood stoves can now take months to deliver.
在法國，木屑棒作為最初級的燃料價格翻了一番，每噸接近600歐元，且存在搶購現(xiàn)象。匈牙利甚至禁止出口木屑棒，而羅馬尼亞對木柴價格設(shè)置了半年的限制。此外，現(xiàn)在訂購柴火爐要等幾個月才能到貨。

Aside from concerns about shortages, the energy crisis is intensifying a surge in living expenses, with euro-zone inflation hitting double digits for the first time ever in September. Strapped households across the region are increasingly faced with choosing between heating and other essentials.
除了擔(dān)心供應(yīng)不足外，能源危機還在加劇生活成本的上漲，9月份歐元區(qū)通脹率首次達到兩位數(shù)。越來越多捉襟見肘的歐洲家庭面臨在供暖和其他生活必需品之間的取舍。

“It’s back to the old days when people wouldn’t have the whole house heated,” said Nic Snell, managing director at British wholesale firewood retailer Certainly Wood. “They’d sit around the fire and use the heat from the stove or open fire and go off to bed. There will be a lot more of that this winter.”
英國木柴批發(fā)零售商Certainly Wood總經(jīng)理尼克·斯納爾說：“人們回到了沒有全屋供暖的日子，需要靠近火坐著，靠爐子或篝火取暖然后再去睡覺。今年冬天這樣的情況會更多。”

The trend has meant a boom in demand for Gabriel Kakelugnar AB, a manufacturer of high-end tiled stoves costing an average of 86,000 Swedish kronor ($7,700). The stoves can keep a room warm for 24 hours because of its intricate construction using different channels that hold and distribute the heat.
對于Gabriel Kakelugnar AB來說，這一趨勢意味著訂單激增，該公司是一家高端瓷片爐具制造商，其爐具平均售價為86000瑞典克朗（約合人民幣55000元）。由于爐子的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，使用不同的管道來保存和分散熱量，因此可以使房間24小時保持溫暖。

“During the pandemic, people started to invest more in their homes. That has now of course escalated,” said Jesper Svensson, owner and managing director of the company.
該公司老板兼總經(jīng)理杰斯珀·斯文森稱，“疫情期間，人們開始增加對家的投資，現(xiàn)在當(dāng)然更是如此了。”

Orders have surged more than fourfold, and customers now have to wait until March for delivery, compared with as little as four weeks a year ago.
訂單激增超四倍，現(xiàn)在顧客得等到明年3月份才能收到貨，而相比之下，一年前等待的時間僅為1個月。

For many Europeans, the key concern is doing whatever it takes to stay warm in the coming months. The worry has become ever more pressing as the winter chill gets nearer, and the desperation for heat could create health and environmental issues.
對于許多歐洲人來說，他們最關(guān)心的是未來幾個月如何取暖。隨著寒冬臨近，人們越來越擔(dān)憂，而對供暖的迫切需求可能會引發(fā)健康和環(huán)境問題。

“We are worried that people will just burn what they can get their hands on,” said Roger Sedin, head of the air quality unit at the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, warning against poor ventilation and trying to burn wet firewood. “We can see very high pollution levels when you have people burning wood who don’t know how to do it correctly.”
瑞典環(huán)境保護署空氣質(zhì)量部門負(fù)責(zé)人羅杰·塞丁警告：“我們擔(dān)心人們會把他們能燒的東西都燒了。當(dāng)人們不知道如何正確燃燒木材時，制造的污染會非常嚴(yán)重?！?/p>

Particulate matter can end up deep in the lungs and cause heart attacks, strokes and asthma, he said, adding that the risk is particularly acute in urban areas.
他說，微粒物質(zhì)最終會被吸入肺部，導(dǎo)致心臟病發(fā)作、中風(fēng)和哮喘，城市地區(qū)居民面臨的風(fēng)險尤其嚴(yán)重。

Inexperience is also evident in Germany, where the country’s association of chimney sweeps is dealing with a flood of requests to connect new and old stoves, and customers are inquiring about burning horse dung and other obscure fuels.
德國民眾也十分缺乏相關(guān)經(jīng)驗，該國的煙囪清掃協(xié)會正在處理大量接通新舊爐子的請求，客戶開始咨詢有關(guān)燃燒馬糞和其他不知名燃料的問題。

There are also signs of hoarding. In France, Frederic Coirier, chief executive officer of Poujoulat SA, which makes chimney flues and produces wood fuels, said some clients have bought two tons of wood pellets, when less than one ton is normally enough to head a home for a year.
還有跡象表明，有人在囤積木材。在法國，煙囪煙道和木材燃料生產(chǎn)商Poujoulat SA公司首席執(zhí)行官弗雷德里克·科伊勒表示，一些客戶已經(jīng)購買了兩噸木屑棒，而通常一個家庭一年需要的木屑棒不到一噸。

“People are desperate for wood, and they are buying more than usual,” said Trond Fjortoft, founder and CEO of Norwegian wood seller Kortreist Ved. “Usually it happens when it starts to get cold, ‘someone says, oh we should order some wood.’ This year, that started in June.”
挪威木材銷售商Kortrist Ved創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官特隆德·福約托夫特表示：“人們迫切需要木材，他們比平時采購更多。這種情況通常發(fā)生在天氣開始變冷的時候，有人說，‘哦，我們應(yīng)該訂購一些木材’。而今年這種情況從6月就開始了。”

來源：福布斯
編輯：董靜