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德國(guó)女高管敦促女性勿因孩子棄事業(yè)
Urging Germany's women to lean in

[ 2013-10-24 12:09] 來(lái)源:中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)     字號(hào) [] [] []  
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德國(guó)女高管敦促女性勿因孩子棄事業(yè)

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As one of the few German women who has been on the board of a major company, Regine Stachelhaus wants the country’s women to stop leaving work when they have kids.

It’s a gray Sunday afternoon and Regine Stachelhaus is at the Stuttgart airport, a place that she knows well after years of work travel, including commuting to Düsseldorf for her most recent job from her home in a nearby Southwestern German village. Instead of a business suit, Stachelhaus is dressed casually in jeans and a sky-blue sweater set that matches her eye shadow. She rushes into the noisy Panorama restaurant above the main departures desk and apologizes profusely for being an hour late—her husband had an emergency and she had to drop him off at the hospital.

Stachelhaus, 58, settles into a table, orders a coffee and explains that she didn’t leave her career when her first son was born 27 years ago. She didn’t slow down her 12-hour days after she and her husband adopted their second son—then a 16-year-old refugee from Eritrea—five years ago. She doesn’t regret missing her first son’s first steps or being on an international work trip during his first day of kindergarten. While she climbed the corporate ranks, her rock musician husband stayed at home with the kids.

The intense focus on her career paid off. Stachelhaus became a rare paragon of female achievement in Germany, a country whose record of women in the workplace makes America’s hand-wringing over the issue seem unwarranted. By 2010 she became only the third woman to break into the top management circle of a DAX 30 company (the top 30 German biggest companies listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange) when she took a job as Chief Human Resources Officer at E.ON, the world’s largest investor-owned electric utility. In the U.S., women make up 15.7 percent of Fortune 500 company boards, according to a Deloitte study, compared with 8.2 percent of a sample of 600 listed companies in Germany.

Now Stachelhaus is leaving the boardroom behind. She announced in May that she wouldn’t renew her contract at E.ON so that she could care for her husband, who was diagnosed with a severe lung disease.

Churn is often high in top executive positions. Average CEO tenure in the U.S. fell to eight years in 2012 from 10 years in 2010 according to a May report from the U.S. Conference Board. Given the thin ranks of women in upper management on both sides of the Atlantic, however, the personal decisions of female top executives tend to raise eyebrows. Whether it is Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer cutting her maternity leave short or Princeton professor Anne-Marie Slaughter leaving her U.S. State department job, women in high places often endure heavy scrutiny for their personal choices.

In Germany, where not a single women heads a major company, Stachelhaus’ decision to leave has put her in the center of the working-women debate. Advocates of women in the workplace here saw her decision as a setback for German female executives, but it also gave ammunition to those who say that women are not rising to the challenge of taking leadership in the business world.

One leading German business magazine contended that Stachelhaus actually left her high profile position because it was too overwhelming for her and not because of her husband’s illness.

“Of course I thought about the signal it would send,” Stachelhaus told another German magazine. “But I can’t think about that now. I know what’s important in my life, and my priorities are clear.”

Stachelhaus’s life and career have always been out of the ordinary in traditional German society. She met her husband, Willie, at the age of 17 at a youth camp. He studied music and she studied law. When they had their first son, her husband agreed to take care of him so he could have the freedom to pursue an artistic career without the pressure of earning a salary. Everyone from his barber to his doctor told Willie that he was making a mistake—he shouldn’t be so reliant on his wife.

Though she admits she felt doubtful at times throughout her three-decade career, Stachelhaus ignored the critics because she knew she wanted to have a high-profile job. She first rose through the ranks at technology company Hewlett Packard’s German operations, then did an 18-month stint at UNICEF, followed by three years at E.ON. Her husband would often bring her son by the office during her long days.

Even with the challenges of juggling both a demanding career and two sons, she said that she would have been unhappier staying at home, and would have regretted not having children even more. Much like the viewpoint espoused by Facebook chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg, Stachelhaus wants to see more mothers in Germany continue to work after they have kids and not giving up when things get hard.

“I counsel many women who decide against kids that they are making a mistake,” she said. “They should have the courage to do both.” The issue, she continues, “is that many women cut back their work hours or quit if their kids start to have problems. Every kid has problems and somehow women always think it’s them.”

Stachelhaus insists that stepping away from a top management job now does not contradict her Lean-In-esque philosophy. Though she spends most of her day caring for her husband, she still serves as a consultant to E.ON and recently joined the supervisory board of U.K. technology firm Computacenter.

Instead, she believes her decision highlights a very different dilemma—the tension that comes with caring for aging parents and spouses. It’s an issue that both men and women at the prime of their careers will face as the workforce ages and demand for caregivers grows.

In that debate, Stachelhaus hopes she is sending a positive message to anyone facing the hard choice that comes with balancing family and work.

“I am trying to be a good example for men,” Stachelhaus says. “If their wives get sick they should do the same.”

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雷吉娜?施塔赫爾豪斯是德國(guó)一家重要公司董事會(huì)中少數(shù)女性之一,她希望德國(guó)女性同胞不要因?yàn)橛泻⒆佣艞壸约旱氖聵I(yè)。

在一個(gè)灰暗的星期天下午,雷吉娜?施塔赫爾豪斯出現(xiàn)在斯圖加特飛機(jī)場(chǎng)。因?yàn)槎嗄陙?lái)的工作旅行,她對(duì)這里很熟悉,包括如何從位于德國(guó)西南部附近一個(gè)村莊的家轉(zhuǎn)車去杜塞爾多夫(她最近經(jīng)常工作的地方)。但今天這一趟不是公差,她的穿著非常隨意,僅僅穿了一條牛仔褲和一件跟她眼影相稱的天藍(lán)色毛衣。她急匆匆地走進(jìn)了候機(jī)服務(wù)臺(tái)上方的一個(gè)熱鬧的全景餐廳里,并為她遲到了一小時(shí)表示了深深的歉意——她的丈夫出了點(diǎn)意外,她得先送他去醫(yī)院。

施塔赫爾豪斯是一位58歲的成熟女性,也是公司董事會(huì)的一員。她點(diǎn)了一杯咖啡,然后向我們?cè)V說(shuō)她27年前懷有第一個(gè)兒子的時(shí)候是如何堅(jiān)持自己的事業(yè)的。在她和丈夫五年前收養(yǎng)了第二個(gè)兒子——一個(gè)16歲的厄立特里亞難民后,她也沒(méi)有停下一天12個(gè)小時(shí)的工作。她并不后悔錯(cuò)過(guò)了自己大兒子第一次學(xué)會(huì)走路和因?yàn)橐粓?chǎng)國(guó)際公差而錯(cuò)過(guò)兒子上幼兒園的第一天。當(dāng)她在公司職位穩(wěn)步上升時(shí),她身為搖滾音樂(lè)家的丈夫在屋里陪伴孩子。

她對(duì)工作的付出與專注最終得到了回報(bào),現(xiàn)在,她已經(jīng)成為德國(guó)女性成就難得一見(jiàn)的一個(gè)典范。這個(gè)國(guó)家女性在工作崗位的成就讓美國(guó)在此方面絞盡腦汁擠出的一點(diǎn)成績(jī)顯得不值一提。2010年,她成為世界上最大的私營(yíng)電力公司意昂的人力資源總監(jiān),為此也成為了第三個(gè)成功進(jìn)入DAX前30公司(法蘭克福證券交易所列出的德國(guó)前30大公司)高層管理界的女性。據(jù)德勤的研究,美國(guó)女性占財(cái)富榜500強(qiáng)公司的董事會(huì)的15.7%,相比之下,德國(guó)女性只占財(cái)富榜600強(qiáng)公司董事會(huì)的8.2%。

不過(guò),如今的施塔赫爾豪斯決定將這些拋之腦后。她宣稱今年的3月份將全心全意照顧被診斷出肺病的丈夫,不理公司事務(wù)。

高管職位的流動(dòng)率一直很高。根據(jù)美國(guó)年會(huì)董事會(huì)的3月報(bào)告,美國(guó)首席執(zhí)行官的平均任期相比于2010年的十年,于2012年降至八年。這導(dǎo)致了大西洋兩岸女性在上升的管理位置排行上取得的地位越來(lái)越少,但是女性高層執(zhí)行官的決定卻越來(lái)越令人側(cè)目。雅虎首席執(zhí)行官梅麗莎?梅耶縮短了她的產(chǎn)假,而普利斯頓的教授安妮-瑪麗?斯勞特則離開(kāi)了她的美國(guó)政府部門(mén)工作,高層工作的女性通常會(huì)因她們的私人決定而受到公眾嚴(yán)密的關(guān)注。

在德國(guó),沒(méi)有一個(gè)單獨(dú)的女性可以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個(gè)重要公司,施塔赫爾豪斯決定離開(kāi)她的工作無(wú)疑把她推上了工作婦女辯論的風(fēng)口浪尖。為工作而奉獻(xiàn)的德國(guó)女性把她的這一行為視為德國(guó)女性執(zhí)行官的一次退步,同時(shí)這也給了認(rèn)為女性無(wú)法領(lǐng)導(dǎo)商業(yè)界的人們一個(gè)抨擊的“彈藥”。

德國(guó)的一個(gè)商業(yè)主導(dǎo)雜志甚至在內(nèi)容里宣稱:施塔赫爾豪斯離開(kāi)她的工作實(shí)際上是由于她無(wú)法承受這份工作,而不是由于她的丈夫生病。

“當(dāng)然,我也想到過(guò)我的離開(kāi)可能發(fā)出一些‘信號(hào)’,”施塔赫爾豪斯和另一德國(guó)雜志談到,“但是現(xiàn)在我無(wú)法考慮那么多,我知道我生命中更重要的是什么,我很明白孰輕孰重?!?/p>

施塔赫爾豪斯的一生和她的事業(yè)與德國(guó)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)格格不入。她17歲的時(shí)候在一次青年?duì)I活動(dòng)中遇見(jiàn)了她現(xiàn)在的丈夫威利,他學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)而她學(xué)習(xí)法律。當(dāng)他們有第一個(gè)兒子的時(shí)候,威利同意照看孩子,這樣他就可以有充分的自由追求他的藝術(shù)造詣而不需要承受賺錢(qián)的壓力。每個(gè)人,甚至是他的理發(fā)師和醫(yī)生都告訴他,他在犯一個(gè)致命的錯(cuò)誤——他不該如此依賴他的妻子。

盡管施塔赫爾豪斯承認(rèn)在30年的工作中也曾感到困惑,但她并沒(méi)有理會(huì)那些評(píng)判聲,她知道自己想要的是一份高層工作。她第一次上榜是作為一家科技公司(惠普)的操作人員,然后又在聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)(UNICEF)做了18個(gè)月的定額工作,而后來(lái)到了意昂公司工作了三年。在那些漫長(zhǎng)的日子里,她丈夫經(jīng)常帶著孩子去辦公室看她。

后來(lái),在同時(shí)擁有一份吃力的工作和兩個(gè)孩子的挑戰(zhàn)下,她也表示在家呆著并不能使她高興,也后悔沒(méi)有再要孩子。和臉譜網(wǎng)首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官謝麗爾?桑德伯格贊成的觀點(diǎn)類似,施塔赫爾豪斯也希望看到德國(guó)更多的母親在有孩子以后的艱難時(shí)期不要放棄工作。

“我勸告過(guò)很多不想要孩子的女性,她們這樣是不明智的,”她說(shuō):“她們可以勇敢的選擇兩者兼顧”。她還補(bǔ)充道:“事實(shí)是許多女性在她們的孩子開(kāi)始遇到問(wèn)題的時(shí)候選擇了縮短工作時(shí)間,或者放棄工作。其實(shí)每個(gè)孩子都會(huì)遇到問(wèn)題,但母親們總是認(rèn)為是她們的問(wèn)題?!?/p>

施塔赫爾豪斯堅(jiān)信現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)一個(gè)高層管理工作和她一貫的堅(jiān)持工作理念并不矛盾。盡管她將花費(fèi)大部分的時(shí)間照顧她的丈夫,她仍然會(huì)為意昂出謀劃策,而且近來(lái)還參加了英國(guó)科技公司Computacenter的監(jiān)事會(huì)。

與民眾意見(jiàn)相反,她相信她的決定為那些進(jìn)退兩難的人們指出了一條明路——怎樣解決照顧上了年紀(jì)的父母、配偶和工作之間的緊張關(guān)系。這是每一個(gè)事業(yè)在走上坡路的男性和女性都會(huì)面臨的艱難抉擇,此時(shí)家人年紀(jì)大了,更加需要照顧。

在這場(chǎng)辯論中,施塔赫爾豪斯希望她傳達(dá)了正面的信息,為那些無(wú)法權(quán)衡家庭和工作的人們做出了表率。

“我正在為職場(chǎng)的男人樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣”施塔赫爾豪斯說(shuō),“如果他們的愛(ài)人病了,希望他們也能像我這么做?!?/p>

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職場(chǎng)女性懷孕依然廣泛遭受歧視待遇

(譯者 廖宸一 編輯 丹妮)

 
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