五、文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷發(fā)展
V. Constant Development of Cultural Undertakings and the Cultural Industry

文化發(fā)展的核心是滿足人的精神文化需求。中國政府支持新疆努力提高公共文化服務(wù)水平，促進(jìn)文學(xué)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作和新聞出版繁榮進(jìn)步，增強(qiáng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)力，保障公民文化權(quán)利，豐富各族人民精神文化生活。《中華人民共和國公共文化服務(wù)保障法》《中華人民共和國公共圖書館法》《中華人民共和國電影產(chǎn)業(yè)促進(jìn)法》等法律法規(guī)為保障新疆各族人民基本文化需求，提供公共文化服務(wù)，促進(jìn)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提供了重要法治保障。
The core of cultural development is to satisfy people's cultural and intellectual needs. The Chinese government has given steady support to Xinjiang in its efforts to improve the quality of public cultural services, promote progress in literary and artistic creation and the press and publishing, strengthen the cultural industry, protect citizens' cultural rights, and enrich the cultural life of all ethnic groups. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Public Cultural Service, Law of the People's Republic of China on Public Libraries, and Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of the Film Industry among others have served as important legal guarantee to protect the basic cultural needs of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, provide them with public cultural services and promote the development of its cultural industry.

公共文化服務(wù)水平日益提高。1955年，新疆有1個公共圖書館、各類體育場地425個。在中央政府大力支持下，近年來，新疆實(shí)施“縣級文化館、圖書館修繕工程”“文化信息資源共享工程”“鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)綜合文化站工程”等一系列文化基礎(chǔ)工程。截至2017年，新疆有公共圖書館112個、博物館和紀(jì)念館173個、美術(shù)館57個、文化館119個、文化站和文化室12158個，有各級各類廣播電視臺（站）302個，廣播和電視人口覆蓋率分別達(dá)到97.1%和97.4%，有體育場地29600個，形成了相對完整的各級公共文化服務(wù)體系。
The quality of public cultural services is improving. In 1955, there were only 425 sports venues and one public library in Xinjiang. With the massive support of the central government, successive cultural projects have been launched in Xinjiang such as "conservation and renovation project of county-level cultural centers and libraries", "cultural information sharing project" and "township cultural centers project". By the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 112 public libraries, 173 museums and memorial halls, 57 art galleries, 119 cultural centers, 12,158 cultural stations, 302 radio and television stations (covering 97.1 percent and 97.4 percent of the population, respectively), and 29,600 sports venues, representing a comparatively complete public cultural service system at all levels.

新疆積極推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)公共文化服務(wù)均等化。文化館、圖書館、博物館、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)（街道）文化站等公共文化設(shè)施免費(fèi)向社會開放?；緦?shí)現(xiàn)戶戶通廣播電視。農(nóng)村電影放映實(shí)現(xiàn)行政村全覆蓋。財(cái)政安排資金支持為貧困鄉(xiāng)村提供戲曲等多種形式的文藝演出。廣泛開展全民閱讀活動，農(nóng)家書屋工程覆蓋所有行政村。截至2017年，共舉辦13屆自治區(qū)運(yùn)動會、8屆少數(shù)民族傳統(tǒng)體育運(yùn)動會、5屆老年人運(yùn)動會、6屆殘疾人運(yùn)動會。村級“農(nóng)牧民體育健身工程”實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋。新穎多樣的健身器材在邊遠(yuǎn)鄉(xiāng)村普及，豐富有趣的體育比賽和健身活動深受各族群眾歡迎。
Xinjiang has made efforts to ensure equal access to public cultural services for both urban and rural residents. Public cultural facilities such as cultural centers, libraries, museums and cultural stations are open to the public for free. The radio and television network covers almost every household. Movie projection is available in all administrative villages. Theatrical performances of various types are given in impoverished villages with the support of government funds. A reading campaign is encouraged by ensuring full coverage of rural libraries over all administrative villages. By the end of 2017, 13 sports meetings, eight traditional ethnic minority sports meetings, five games for senior citizens and six games for disabled people had been held in Xinjiang. Fitness projects for farmers and herdsmen cover all villages. Gym equipment of all sorts is available even in remote villages. Rich and interesting sports events and fitness activities are popular with people of all ethnic groups.

文學(xué)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作和新聞出版持續(xù)繁榮。新疆文學(xué)藝術(shù)佳作紛呈，生動展現(xiàn)了中華文化魅力。小說《天山深處的“大兵”》、詩集《神山》、散文集《在新疆》、文學(xué)評論集《西部：偏遠(yuǎn)省份的文學(xué)寫作》、油畫作品《來自高原的祈?！?·19國家記憶》、攝影作品《風(fēng)雪人生》、話劇《大巴扎》、舞劇《陽光下的舞步》《戈壁青春》、歌舞劇《情暖天山》、音樂劇《冰山上的來客》、音樂雜技劇《你好，阿凡提》、歌曲《屯墾爹娘》、廣播劇《馬蘭謠》和電影《大河》《鮮花》《真愛》《生死羅布泊》《塔克拉瑪干的鼓聲》等一批文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品獲得精神文明建設(shè)“五個一工程”獎、魯迅文學(xué)獎、中國電影華表獎等國家級獎項(xiàng)，雜技《生命之旅》《抖杠——擔(dān)當(dāng)》等獲得國際雜技節(jié)金獎。2006年，成立新疆廣播影視譯制中心，相繼在11個地、州和伊寧市、莎車縣、庫車縣、于田縣建立電視譯制部。目前，少數(shù)民族語言影視劇年譯制量達(dá)6200集左右。中華人民共和國成立前，新疆僅有2種報(bào)紙。截至2017年，新疆共有報(bào)紙126種，期刊223種，每年出版圖書、音像制品和電子出版物約1萬種。
Literary, artistic creation, press and publishing are booming. A variety of brilliant works of literature and art created in Xinjiang demonstrate the glamour of Chinese culture. The following have all won national prizes such as the Best Works Award, Lu Xun Literary Prize, China Movie Awards, and the first prize in International Acrobatic Festival:

·Soldiers from the Snow Mountain (novel),

·Holy Mountain (poetry anthology),

·In Xinjiang (collection of prose writings),

·Western China: Literary Writing in Remote Provinces (collection of literary review),

·Praying on Plateau, Chinese Mourning Day on May 19th (oil painting),

·Braving the Storm (photography),

·Grand Bazaar (drama),

·Dance Steps in the Sun and Young Blood in Gobi Desert (dance drama),

·A Uygur Mother and Visitors on the Icy Mountain (musical),

·Hello, Advanti (musical and acrobatic drama),

·My Parents Stationing and Reclaiming Wasteland in Xinjiang (song),

·A Nuclear Scientist's Story in the Desert (radio play),

·The Great River, Flower, Genuine Love, Life and Death in Lop Nor, Taklimakan's Drumbeat (movie).

·Travel of Life (acrobatic show),

·Somersault on Balance Beam (acrobatic show).

In 2006, Xinjiang Radio, Film and Television Translation and Production Center was set up, establishing branches in 11 prefectures, Yining City, Shache, Kucha and Yutian counties. Currently, about 6,200 episodes of translated ethnic film and television programs are being produced every year. There were only two newspapers in Xinjiang before the founding of the People's Republic of China. But by the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 126 newspapers, 223 periodicals, and publishes around 10,000 titles of books, audio and video products and electronic publications every year.

文化、體育和民族醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)力逐步增強(qiáng)。目前，新疆有文化企業(yè)1萬余家，已形成門類較為齊全的文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展體系，涵蓋新聞出版發(fā)行、廣播影視、演藝、文化娛樂、游戲、文化旅游、工藝美術(shù)、藝術(shù)品、動漫、文化會展、創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)字文化服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域。截至2017年，有國家級文化產(chǎn)業(yè)示范基地6家，自治區(qū)級文化產(chǎn)業(yè)示范基地109家，獲得國家認(rèn)定的動漫企業(yè)11家，建成各類文化產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)20家；有國家5A級景區(qū)12家，導(dǎo)游17000人。文化及旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值逐年增長。
Strength in cultural, sports and ethnic medicine industries is growing. At present, Xinjiang has over 10,000 cultural companies covering press, publishing and distribution, radio, film and television, performances, entertainment, games, cultural tourism, arts and crafts, artwork, animation, cultural exhibitions, innovation design and digital cultural services. By the end of 2017, there were six model bases for cultural industries at national level, 109 at autonomous region level, 11 government-approved animation companies, 20 cultural industry parks, 12 national 5A tourist attractions and 17,000 tourist guides. The added value of the cultural and tourist industries is growing every year.

成立一批職業(yè)體育俱樂部，體育競賽與表演市場日趨活躍。環(huán)塔克拉瑪干汽車摩托車越野拉力賽、中國籃球職業(yè)聯(lián)賽新疆區(qū)比賽保持較高市場化運(yùn)作水平。以中國國際露營大會、國際沙漠越野挑戰(zhàn)賽、環(huán)艾丁湖摩托車賽、環(huán)賽里木湖公路自行車賽等為代表的體育休閑市場日趨成熟。賽馬、冰雪運(yùn)動、航空體育產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿薮蟆?br />A group of professional sports clubs have been set up, with sports competitions and sports show flourishing. The Taklimakan Rally is a commercial success and China Basketball Association (CBA) in Xinjiang is doing well. The sports leisure market is maturing as demonstrated by the success of the China International Camping Congress, International Desert Cross Rally, Aydingkol Motorcycle Rally, and Sayram Bicycle Rally. Huge potential is also apparent in horse racing, winter sports and aviation sports.

新疆已形成中華醫(yī)藥（含民族藥）、醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)制劑、食品（含保健食品）、醫(yī)療器械和藥用包裝材料等門類較為齊全的醫(yī)藥健康產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。其中維吾爾醫(yī)藥、哈薩克醫(yī)藥、蒙醫(yī)藥等少數(shù)民族傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥歷史悠久，是中華文化瑰寶，許多藥材被納入國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和國家相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究項(xiàng)目。新疆民族醫(yī)藥銷售產(chǎn)值占制藥行業(yè)銷售總產(chǎn)值比重逐年提高；民族醫(yī)藥企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品在不斷開拓國內(nèi)市場的同時，還銷往周邊國家和地區(qū)，進(jìn)入國際市場。
Xinjiang has formed a complete industrial system of medicine and health covering Chinese medicine (including ethnic medicine), hospital-made preparations, foods (including health foods), medical equipment, and packaging for medicines. Among ethnic medicines, many Uygur medicines, Kazakh medicines, and Mongolian medicines - boasting a long history and regarded as cultural treasures - have been categorized under national standards or included in national standardization research projects. The sales of ethnic medicines in Xinjiang's pharmaceutical industry are increasing year by year, and ethnic medicine companies are expanding sales not only in domestic markets, but also in neighboring countries and regions as an effort to enter the international markets.

網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化蓬勃發(fā)展。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在中國的不斷發(fā)展，近年來，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)越來越成為新疆各族人民學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活的新空間，獲取公共服務(wù)的新平臺。截至2017年，新疆備案網(wǎng)站11520家，固定寬帶用戶達(dá)569.9萬戶，移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶達(dá)1855.8萬戶。微信公眾平臺“最后一公里”用戶遍及全國所有省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和幾十個國家、地區(qū)。先后實(shí)施爭做中國好網(wǎng)民、艾德萊斯網(wǎng)絡(luò)引領(lǐng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)融情等工程，開展“網(wǎng)絡(luò)中國節(jié)”“我是一顆石榴籽”“艾德萊斯出天山”等系列網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化活動30余項(xiàng)，示范帶動新疆各地開展各類網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化活動7000余項(xiàng)。2017年，新疆本地消費(fèi)者網(wǎng)購零售額達(dá)569.1億元，比上年增長29.8%。蓬勃發(fā)展的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化引領(lǐng)了向上向善的社會風(fēng)尚。
Internet culture develops rapidly. The rapid development of the internet in China has made it the new space for people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang to study, work and live, and a new platform to access public services. By the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 11,520 registered websites, 5.7 million fixed broadband subscribers, and 18.56 million mobile internet users. The subscribers on the official WeChat platform "Last Kilometer" extend across all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government and dozens of countries and regions. Over 30 internet cultural projects such as "making a good netizen", "Etles Silk from Tianshan to the World" and "video programs on ethnic solidarity" launched more than 7,000 online cultural activities across Xinjiang. In 2017, online retail sales to Xinjiang consumers reached 56.91 billion yuan, an increase of 29.8 percent over 2016. The prosperity of Xinjiang's internet culture helps to foster healthy social morals.

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六、對外文化交流日趨活躍
VI. Active Cultural Exchanges with Other Countries

新疆是中華文明向西開放的重要門戶，在東西方文明交流互鑒中發(fā)揮了重要作用。在中央政府支持下，新疆已形成全方位、多層次的對外文化交流格局。
Xinjiang has been an important gateway for China's civilization to open to the West, and has played a significant role in cultural communication and mutual learning between East and West. Supported by the central government, Xinjiang has created a framework of cultural exchanges with other countries in all sectors and at all levels.

以多種形式參與國際文化交流與合作。中國新疆國際民族舞蹈節(jié)、中國－亞歐博覽會“中外文化展示周”和“出版博覽會”等成為具有一定國際影響力的文化交流品牌。2009年以來，舉辦了7屆“中國·新疆國際青少年藝術(shù)節(jié)”，邀請中亞四國及俄羅斯、蒙古、巴基斯坦、印度、馬來西亞、泰國、韓國、阿塞拜疆等12個國家及國內(nèi)共119個文藝團(tuán)體的2330余名青少年來新疆演出交流。2012年至2017年，新疆連續(xù)舉辦7期“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶相關(guān)國家媒體負(fù)責(zé)人研修班”，邀請了25個國家的100多家媒體負(fù)責(zé)人來新疆研修、交流、考察。
Xinjiang participates in international cultural exchanges and cooperation in various forms. Xinjiang International Ethnic Dance Festival, Chinese and Foreign Culture Week of China-Eurasia Expo, and Publishing Expo have become branded cultural exchange projects of considerable international influence. Since 2009, Xinjiang has held seven China International Youth Arts festivals, inviting more than 2,330 young people representing 119 art troupes from Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan of Central Asia and Russia, Mongolia, Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Thailand, the Republic of Korea and Azerbaijan. From 2012 to 2017, Xinjiang has held seven seminars for directors of media from countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt, inviting directors of more than 100 media from 25 countries to Xinjiang on study, communication and visits.

近年來，新疆積極推進(jìn)“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”核心區(qū)建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)與沿線國家的人文科技交流。2016年，舉辦第五屆中國－亞歐博覽會科技合作論壇，30多個國家和國際組織的154名嘉賓受邀參加。建成12個國家級國際科技合作基地，與30多個國家和地區(qū)以及10個國際組織和研究機(jī)構(gòu)開展了國際科技合作與交流，涉及農(nóng)業(yè)、資源環(huán)境、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工、天文、煤化工、生物醫(yī)藥、能源等領(lǐng)域。穩(wěn)步實(shí)施“留學(xué)中國計(jì)劃”，逐步擴(kuò)大絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶沿線國家優(yōu)秀留學(xué)生獎學(xué)金資助規(guī)模。新疆高校積極開展國際交流與合作，留學(xué)生教育規(guī)模逐年增加、質(zhì)量不斷提升。從1985年開始，截至2017年，新疆高校接收外國留學(xué)生達(dá)5萬人次。新疆積極發(fā)揮包括維吾爾醫(yī)藥、哈薩克醫(yī)藥在內(nèi)的中華醫(yī)學(xué)特色優(yōu)勢，籌建中外聯(lián)合中醫(yī)機(jī)構(gòu)，開展中醫(yī)民族醫(yī)藥國際醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，吸引了越來越多的周邊國家患者前來就醫(yī)。2015年至2017年，烏魯木齊市有5家醫(yī)院開展國際醫(yī)療服務(wù)，累計(jì)接診外籍患者1.7萬人次。新疆舉辦一系列高水平體育賽事，吸引大批國際優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動員和體育愛好者積極參與。
In recent years, Xinjiang has been active in building the core area along the Silk Road Economic Belt, strengthening cultural and scientific and technological exchanges with countries along the Belt. In 2016, it hosted the scientific and technological cooperation forum of the Fifth China-Eurasia Expo, inviting 154 guests from more than 30 countries and international organizations. Xinjiang has built 12 state-level bases for international sci-tech cooperation, launching cooperation and exchanges with more than 30 countries and regions and 10 international organizations and research institutes in such fields as agriculture, resources and the environment, processing of agricultural products, astronomy, coal chemicals, biomedicine, and energy. It has steadily implemented the "Study-in-China" initiative, gradually increasing scholarships for outstanding students from countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt. Institutions of higher learning in Xinjiang engage in active international exchanges and cooperation, and their foreign students are growing in number and their teaching quality is much improved. From 1985 to 2017, colleges and universities of Xinjiang enrolled 50,000 foreign students. With its particular strength in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including Uygur and Kazakh medicine, Xinjiang plans to establish Chinese-foreign institutions of traditional Chinese medicine and worked to establish a system of international medical services for TCM including ethnic minority medicine, attracting more and more patients from neighboring countries. From 2015 to 2017, five hospitals in Urumqi began to offer international medical services, accepting 17,000 foreign patients in total. Xinjiang has held a series of high-level sports events, attracting numerous international athletes and sports fans.

積極對外展示新疆各民族文化風(fēng)采。從上世紀(jì)末開始，“中國新疆古代絲綢之路文物展”“絲路奧秘——新疆文物大展”等新疆文物精品展覽陸續(xù)在日本、美國、德國、韓國等國家舉行。一批非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目赴聯(lián)合國總部、英國、日本、法國及新疆周邊國家進(jìn)行表演展示。近年來，“感知中國——中國西部文化行·新疆篇”“中國新疆文化交流團(tuán)”“中國新疆文化周”分別在美國、加拿大、德國、法國、意大利、西班牙、澳大利亞、新西蘭、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦、格魯吉亞、埃及、土耳其、伊朗、沙特、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、馬來西亞、文萊、老撾等國舉辦多種文化交流活動。新疆多次組團(tuán)代表中國參加國際伊塞克湖運(yùn)動會，加強(qiáng)了與上海合作組織成員國之間的體育交流與合作。
Xinjiang presents different ethnic cultures to foreign countries. Since the late 20th century, quality exhibitions of Xinjiang cultural relics, such as the "Exhibition of Ancient Silk Road Cultural Relics of Xinjiang" and "Secrets of the Silk Road - Exhibition of Xinjiang Cultural Relics", have been held in Japan, the United States, Germany, the Republic of Korea, and some other countries. Some of Xinjiang's intangible cultural heritage items have been presented in performances or exhibitions in the UN headquarters, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, and in those countries adjacent to Xinjiang. In recent years, cultural communication events such as "Experiencing Xinjiang - Cultural Exploration of Xinjiang, West China", "Xinjiang Cultural Exchange Forum", and "Xinjiang Culture Week" have been held in the United States, Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Egypt, Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Malaysia, Brunei, and Laos. Xinjiang has also sent several delegations on behalf of China to attend the World Nomad Games on the shores of Lake Issyk-Kul, strengthening sports exchanges and cooperation with other member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

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結(jié)束語
Conclusion

中華文化是中國各族人民共同創(chuàng)造、傳承和發(fā)展的，是民族團(tuán)結(jié)和國家統(tǒng)一的精神紐帶。事實(shí)證明，新疆各民族文化是中華文化的組成部分，中華文化始終是新疆各民族的情感依托、心靈歸宿和精神家園，也是新疆各民族文化發(fā)展的動力源泉。
The Chinese culture was created, carried forward and developed by all ethnic groups of China, and is a bond of ethnic unity and national unification. Facts have proved that ethnic cultures of Xinjiang are components of the Chinese culture, which is always the emotional attachment and spiritual home for all ethnic people in Xinjiang, as well as the dynamic source for the development of ethnic cultures.

中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平指出：“中國共產(chǎn)黨從成立之日起，既是中國先進(jìn)文化的積極引領(lǐng)者和踐行者，又是中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的忠實(shí)傳承者和弘揚(yáng)者。當(dāng)代中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民應(yīng)該而且一定能夠擔(dān)負(fù)起新的文化使命，在實(shí)踐創(chuàng)造中進(jìn)行文化創(chuàng)造，在歷史進(jìn)步中實(shí)現(xiàn)文化進(jìn)步！”今天，在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中華民族已經(jīng)走進(jìn)新時代，踏上新征程，在文化交流交融的舞臺上，新疆各族人民應(yīng)該而且一定能夠擔(dān)負(fù)起自己新的文化使命，在文化創(chuàng)造中鑄就新繁榮，在文化進(jìn)步中取得新發(fā)展！
Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, pointed out: "Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has actively guided and promoted China's advanced culture while keeping China's fine traditional culture alive and strong. Today, we Chinese Communists and the Chinese people should and can shoulder our new cultural mission, make cultural creations through practice, and promote cultural advancement along with the progress of history." Today, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core, the Chinese nation has marched into a new era and onto a new journey. On the stage of cultural exchanges and integration, people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang should and can shoulder their new cultural mission to create a new boom in cultural creations and make new developments along with cultural progress.