國務(wù)院新聞辦公室24日發(fā)表《關(guān)于中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的事實與中方立場》白皮書。

雙語全文如下：

關(guān)于中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的事實與中方立場
The Facts and China’s Position on China-US Trade Friction

（2018年9月）
中華人民共和國
國務(wù)院新聞辦公室
Information Office of the State Council
The People’s Republic of China
September 2018

目錄
CONTENT

前言
Foreword

一、中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作互利共贏
I. Mutually-beneficial and win-win cooperation between China and the US in trade and economy

二、中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的事實
II. Clarifications of the facts about China-US trade and economic cooperation

三、美國政府的貿(mào)易保護主義行為
III. The trade protectionist practices of the US administration

四、美國政府的貿(mào)易霸凌主義行為
IV. The trade bullyism practices of the US administration

五、美國政府不當做法對世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的危害
V. Damage of the improper practices of the US administration to global economy

六、中國的立場
VI. China’s position

前言
Foreword

中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，美國是世界上最大的發(fā)達國家。中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系既對兩國意義重大，也對全球經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展有著舉足輕重的影響。
China is the world’s biggest developing country and the United States is the biggest developed country. Trade and economic relations between China and the US are of great significance for the two countries as well as for the stability and development of the world economy.

中美兩國建交以來，雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系持續(xù)發(fā)展，利益交匯點不斷增多，形成了緊密合作關(guān)系，不僅使兩國共同獲益，而且惠及全球。特別是進入新世紀以來，在經(jīng)濟全球化快速發(fā)展過程中，中美兩國遵循雙邊協(xié)定和世界貿(mào)易組織等多邊規(guī)則，拓展深化經(jīng)貿(mào)合作，基于比較優(yōu)勢和市場選擇形成了結(jié)構(gòu)高度互補、利益深度交融的互利共贏關(guān)系。雙方通過優(yōu)勢互補、互通有無，有力促進了各自經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級，同時提升了全球價值鏈效率與效益，降低了生產(chǎn)成本，豐富了商品種類，極大促進了兩國企業(yè)和消費者利益。
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, bilateral trade and economic ties between China and the US have developed steadily. A close partnership has been forged under which interests of the two countries have become closer and wider. Both countries have benefited from this partnership, as has the rest of the world. Since the beginning of the new century in particular, alongside rapid progress in economic globalization, China and the US have observed bilateral treaties and multilateral rules such as the WTO rules, and economic and trade relations have grown deeper and wider. Based on their comparative strengths and the choices of the market, the two countries have built up a mutually beneficial relationship featuring structural synergy and convergence of interests. Close cooperation and economic complementarity between China and the US have boosted economic growth, industrial upgrading and structural optimization in both countries, and at the same time enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of global value chains, reduced production costs, offered greater product variety, and generated enormous benefit for businesses and consumers in both countries.

中美兩國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段、經(jīng)濟制度不同，存在經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦是正常的，關(guān)鍵是如何增進互信、促進合作、管控分歧。長期以來，兩國政府本著平等、理性、相向而行的原則，先后建立了中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會、戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)濟對話、戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話、全面經(jīng)濟對話等溝通協(xié)調(diào)機制，雙方為此付出了不懈努力，保障了中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系在近40年時間里克服各種障礙，不斷向前發(fā)展，成為中美關(guān)系的壓艙石和推進器。
China and the US are at different stages of development. They have different economic systems. Therefore some level of trade friction is only natural. The key however lies in how to enhance mutual trust, promote cooperation, and manage differences. In the spirit of equality, rationality, and moving to meet each other halfway, the two countries have set up a number of communication and coordination mechanisms such as the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, the Strategic and Economic Dialogue, and the Comprehensive Economic Dialogue. Each has made tremendous efforts to overcome all kinds of obstacles and move economic and trade relations forward, which has served as the ballast and propeller of the overall bilateral relationship.

2017年新一屆美國政府上任以來，在“美國優(yōu)先”的口號下，拋棄相互尊重、平等協(xié)商等國際交往基本準則，實行單邊主義、保護主義和經(jīng)濟霸權(quán)主義，對許多國家和地區(qū)特別是中國作出一系列不實指責，利用不斷加征關(guān)稅等手段進行經(jīng)濟恫嚇，試圖采取極限施壓方法將自身利益訴求強加于中國。
Since taking office in 2017, the new administration of the US government has trumpeted “America First”. It has abandoned the fundamental norms of mutual respect and equal consultation that guide international relations. Rather, it has brazenly preached unilateralism, protectionism and economic hegemony, making false accusations against many countries and regions - particularly China - intimidating other countries through economic measures such as imposing tariffs, and attempting to impose its own interests on China through extreme pressure.

面對這種局面，中國從維護兩國共同利益和世界貿(mào)易秩序大局出發(fā)，堅持通過對話協(xié)商解決爭議的基本原則，以最大的耐心和誠意回應(yīng)美國關(guān)切，以求同存異的態(tài)度妥善處理分歧，克服各種困難，同美國開展多輪對話磋商，提出務(wù)實解決方案，為穩(wěn)定雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系作出了艱苦努力。然而，美國出爾反爾、不斷發(fā)難，導(dǎo)致中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦在短時間內(nèi)持續(xù)升級，使兩國政府和人民多年努力培養(yǎng)起來的中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系受到極大損害，也使多邊貿(mào)易體制和自由貿(mào)易原則遭遇嚴重威脅。
China has responded from the perspective of the common interests of both parties as well as the world trade order. It is observing the principle of resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and answering the US concerns with the greatest level of patience and good faith. The Chinese side has been dealing with these differences with an attitude of seeking common ground while shelving divergence. It has overcome many difficulties and made enormous efforts to stabilize China-US economic and trade relations by holding rounds of discussions with the US side and proposing practical solutions. However the US side has been contradicting itself and constantly challenging China. As a result, trade and economic friction between the two sides has escalated quickly over a short period of time, causing serious damage to the economic and trade relations which have developed over the years through the collective work of the two governments and the two peoples, and posing a grave threat to the multilateral trading system and the principle of free trade.

為澄清中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系事實，闡明中國對中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的政策立場，推動問題合理解決，中國政府特發(fā)布此白皮書。
In order to clarify the facts about China-US economic and trade relations, clarify China’s stance on trade friction with the US, and pursue reasonable solutions, the government of China is publishing this White Paper.