中國(guó)網(wǎng)站品牌欄目（頻道）
(六)更加注重社會(huì)建設(shè)，著力保障和改善民生
6. Paying closer attention to social development to ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives. 堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。We will continue to give priority to developing education. 一是在全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)普遍實(shí)行免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育。繼續(xù)增加農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育公用經(jīng)費(fèi)，提高保障水平。適當(dāng)提高農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生生活補(bǔ)助費(fèi)的補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)保障經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭、進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員子女平等接受義務(wù)教育的措施。在試點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，從今年秋季起全面免除城市義務(wù)教育學(xué)雜費(fèi)，這是推動(dòng)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展、促進(jìn)教育公平的又一重大舉措。
First, we will make free compulsory education universally available in both urban and rural areas. We will continue increasing regular expenditures for rural compulsory education and raise the level of budgetary allocations. We will appropriately increase living allowances for poor rural students residing on campus. We will take steps to ensure that children from poor families and children of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy the same access to compulsory education as others. After running trials in selected areas, we will completely stop collecting tuition and miscellaneous fees from all urban students receiving compulsory education starting this fall. This is another major measure for promoting balanced development of compulsory education and equal access to education.
二是大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè)，深化職業(yè)教育管理、辦學(xué)、投入等體制改革，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)技能型人才。
Second, we must vigorously develop vocational education. We will strengthen the basic conditions for vocational education and deepen reform of the systems for administering, running and investing in vocational education programs in order to turn out high-quality skilled personnel.
三是提高高等教育質(zhì)量。優(yōu)化學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，推進(jìn)高水平大學(xué)和重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)。普通高校招生增量繼續(xù)向中西部地區(qū)傾斜。
Third, we must raise the quality of higher education. We will improve the structure of academic disciplines and develop high-quality universities and key disciplines. Regular institutions of higher learning will continue to favor students in the central and western regions in expanding their enrollments
辦好各級(jí)各類(lèi)教育，必須抓好三項(xiàng)工作：
To successfully provide education of various kinds and at different levels, we must focus on the following three tasks.
一要全面實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，推進(jìn)教育改革創(chuàng)新。深化教學(xué)內(nèi)容和方式、考試和招生制度、質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)制度等改革。切實(shí)減輕中小學(xué)生的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。
One, we must ensure that all students receive a well-rounded education, and promote educational reforms and innovations. We will deepen the reform of curricula, methods of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality, and lighten the study load of primary and secondary school students.
二要加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍特別是農(nóng)村教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，完善和落實(shí)教師工資、津補(bǔ)貼制度。
Two, we must improve the quality of teachers, especially in rural areas, and improve and implement the system of wages, allowances and subsidies for teachers.
三要加大教育事業(yè)投入。今年中央財(cái)政用于教育的投入，將由去年的1076億元增加到1562億元；地方財(cái)政也都要增加投入。進(jìn)一步規(guī)范教育收費(fèi)。鼓勵(lì)和規(guī)范民辦教育發(fā)展。沒(méi)有全民教育的普及和提高，便沒(méi)有國(guó)家現(xiàn)代化的未來(lái)。要讓孩子們上好學(xué)，辦好人民滿(mǎn)意的教育，提高全民族的素質(zhì)?！ ?/p>
Three, we must increase investment in education. This year, central government allocation for education will increase from last year's total of 107.6 billion yuan to 156.2 billion yuan, and local governments will also increase their spending. We will further standardize the collection of education-related fees. We will standardize nonpublic education programs and encourage their development. China cannot modernize if education is not made universally available and if its quality is not improved. We must ensure that our children receive a good education, provide education that satisfies the needs of the people and improve the overall quality of the population.
推進(jìn)衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展。重點(diǎn)抓好四件事：
We will promote the reform and development of health care. Efforts will be focused on four areas:
一是加快推進(jìn)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的醫(yī)療保障制度建設(shè)。擴(kuò)大城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面；城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)要擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)50%以上的城市；在全國(guó)農(nóng)村全面推行新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，用兩年時(shí)間將籌資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年50元提高到100元，其中中央和地方財(cái)政對(duì)參合農(nóng)民補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由40元提高到80元。健全城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助制度。
First, we will accelerate the establishment of a system to ensure access to medical care for both urban and rural residents. We will expand the number of urban workers covered by basic medical insurance, and extend the trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents to over 50% of China's cities. We will fully implement the new type of rural cooperative medical care system in all rural areas. Within two years, we will raise the standard for financing from 50 yuan to 100 yuan per person per year, with central and local government contributions to be raised from 40 yuan to 80 yuan per person. We will improve the urban and rural assistance program for medical care.
二是完善公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。抓好重大疾病防治，落實(shí)擴(kuò)大國(guó)家傳染病免疫規(guī)劃范圍的政策措施，加大對(duì)艾滋病、結(jié)核病、血吸蟲(chóng)病等疾病患者的免費(fèi)治療力度。加強(qiáng)地方病、職業(yè)病、精神病防治。做好婦幼保健工作。在中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村實(shí)行住院分娩補(bǔ)助政策。健全公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制。
Second, we will improve the public health service system. We will prevent and treat major diseases, implement policies and measures to increase the number of diseases covered in the state plan for immunization against communicable diseases, and provide free treatment for more people suffering from diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis and schistosomiasis. We need to work harder to prevent and treat endemic, occupational and mental diseases. We must do a good job in work related to the health of women and children. We will implement a policy of granting allowances to rural women in the central and western regions giving birth in hospitals. We will improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for public health services.
三是推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。重點(diǎn)健全農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。加大全科醫(yī)護(hù)人員和鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生培養(yǎng)的力度，鼓勵(lì)高素質(zhì)人才到基層服務(wù)。開(kāi)展公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)。制定和實(shí)施扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展的措施。
Third, we will continue development of the medical service systems for urban and rural areas. We will focus on improving the county, township, village three-tier rural health service network and the urban community-based medical and health service system. We will train more general practitioners, nurses and rural doctors and encourage high-caliber health workers to work in village and community clinics. Trial reform of public hospitals will be carried out. Measures will be formulated and implemented to support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.
四是建立國(guó)家基本藥物制度和藥品供應(yīng)保障體系，保證群眾基本用藥和用藥安全，控制藥品價(jià)格上漲。今年中央財(cái)政將安排832億元，比上年增加167億元，支持衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)向農(nóng)村和基層傾斜。
Fourth, we will set up a national system for basic drugs and a system for ensuring drug supply to ensure the quality and adequate supply of basic drugs and hold down prices. This year the central government will allocate 83.2 billion yuan to support the reform and development of health care, an increase of 16.7 billion yuan over last year, with the focus of spending on facilities at the urban community and village level.
去年以來(lái)，國(guó)務(wù)院組織力量研究深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革問(wèn)題，已經(jīng)制定一個(gè)初步方案，將向社會(huì)公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn)。改革的基本目標(biāo)是：堅(jiān)持公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的公益性質(zhì)，建立基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，為群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價(jià)廉的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。我們要堅(jiān)定地推進(jìn)這項(xiàng)改革，讓人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)?！?/p>
Last year the State Council commissioned a study of the issue of how to deepen reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care. A preliminary plan has been produced and will soon be publicized to solicit opinions from the general public. The basic goal of the reform is to maintain the public service nature of public medical and health care services and set up a basic medical and health care system to provide people with basic medical and health care services that are safe, effective, convenient and affordable. We must resolutely carry out this reform to provide everyone with access to basic medical and health services and improve their health.
加強(qiáng)人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)行生育政策和低生育水平，提高出生人口素質(zhì)，綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問(wèn)題。全面實(shí)施計(jì)劃生育家庭特別扶助制度，擴(kuò)大實(shí)施農(nóng)村計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度和少生快富工程范圍，提高獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理。
We will improve work related to population and family planning. We will adhere to the current policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low, improve the health of newborns and adopt a full range of measures to address the gender imbalance in babies. We will fully implement the special assistance system for families that comply with family planning regulations, extend the coverage of the reward system for rural families that comply with the regulations, implement the “l(fā)ower birthrate equals faster prosperity” project in more areas, and raise the level of rewards and assistance. We will improve services for the floating population and tighten supervision of them to ensure that they comply with the family planning policy.
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