十二、完善政策機制
XII. IMPROVING POLICY MECHANISMS

（三十）完善投資政策。充分發(fā)揮政府投資引導作用，構建與碳達峰、碳中和相適應的投融資體系，嚴控煤電、鋼鐵、電解鋁、水泥、石化等高碳項目投資，加大對節(jié)能環(huán)保、新能源、低碳交通運輸裝備和組織方式、碳捕集利用與封存等項目的支持力度。完善支持社會資本參與政策，激發(fā)市場主體綠色低碳投資活力。國有企業(yè)要加大綠色低碳投資，積極開展低碳零碳負碳技術研發(fā)應用。
30．Improving investment policies. To give full play to the guiding role of government investment, we need to build investment and financing systems tailored to the goals of carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. We will strictly control investment in high-carbon projects in areas such as coal-fired power, steel, electrolytic aluminum, cement, and petroleum chemicals production. We will increase support for projects concerning energy conservation and environment protection, new energy, low-carbon transportation modes and equipment, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. We need to improve policies for encouraging the participation of nongovernmental capital and motivate market entities to invest in green and low-carbon solutions. State-owned enterprises will scale up green and low-carbon investment and work actively to research, develop, and practically apply low-carbon, zero-carbon, and carbon-negative technologies.

（三十一）積極發(fā)展綠色金融。有序推進綠色低碳金融產(chǎn)品和服務開發(fā)，設立碳減排貨幣政策工具，將綠色信貸納入宏觀審慎評估框架，引導銀行等金融機構為綠色低碳項目提供長期限、低成本資金。鼓勵開發(fā)性政策性金融機構按照市場化法治化原則為實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和提供長期穩(wěn)定融資支持。支持符合條件的企業(yè)上市融資和再融資用于綠色低碳項目建設運營，擴大綠色債券規(guī)模。研究設立國家低碳轉(zhuǎn)型基金。鼓勵社會資本設立綠色低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)投資基金。建立健全綠色金融標準體系。
31．Actively developing green finance. We need to promote the development of green and low-carbon financial products and services in an orderly manner. We will develop monetary policy tools to support carbon emission reduction. The green credit initiative should be included in the macro-prudential evaluation framework, and guidance will be given to banks and other financial institutions on providing long-term, low-cost capital to green and low-carbon projects. We need to encourage development and policy-backed financial institutions to provide continued long-term funding support for the goals of carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality through market-oriented and law-based means. We will support qualified enterprises in going public and refinancing for the purpose of developing and running green and low-carbon projects, and we will increase green bonds. We need to carry out exploratory work on establishing a national fund for low-carbon transformation. Nongovernmental capital will be encouraged to set up green and low-carbon industrial investment funds. We will establish a sound system of standards for green finance.

（三十二）完善財稅價格政策。各級財政要加大對綠色低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、技術研發(fā)等的支持力度。完善政府綠色采購標準，加大綠色低碳產(chǎn)品采購力度。落實環(huán)境保護、節(jié)能節(jié)水、新能源和清潔能源車船稅收優(yōu)惠。研究碳減排相關稅收政策。建立健全促進可再生能源規(guī)?；l(fā)展的價格機制。完善差別化電價、分時電價和居民階梯電價政策。嚴禁對高耗能、高排放、資源型行業(yè)實施電價優(yōu)惠。加快推進供熱計量改革和按供熱量收費。加快形成具有合理約束力的碳價機制。
32．Improving fiscal, tax and pricing policies. All levels of government must step up support for the development of green and low-carbon industries and their technological R&D efforts. We will refine the standards for green government procurement and step up procurement of green and low-carbon products. We will implement preferential tax policies for environment protection, energy and water conservation, new energy, and clean-energy vehicles and vessels. We will conduct research on formulating tax policies to support carbon emission reduction. We need to improve sound pricing mechanisms for promoting the large-scale development of renewable energy. We need to improve policies on differentiated electricity charges, time-of-use electricity pricing, and tiered pricing for household electricity consumption. Preferential electricity pricing must not be offered to energy-intensive, emission-intensive, or resource-consuming industries. We need to accelerate reforms on heat metering to promote metered charging based on usage. We need to speed up efforts to set up a rational binding mechanism for carbon pricing.

（三十三）推進市場化機制建設。依托公共資源交易平臺，加快建設完善全國碳排放權交易市場，逐步擴大市場覆蓋范圍，豐富交易品種和交易方式，完善配額分配管理。將碳匯交易納入全國碳排放權交易市場，建立健全能夠體現(xiàn)碳匯價值的生態(tài)保護補償機制。健全企業(yè)、金融機構等碳排放報告和信息披露制度。完善用能權有償使用和交易制度，加快建設全國用能權交易市場。加強電力交易、用能權交易和碳排放權交易的統(tǒng)籌銜接。發(fā)展市場化節(jié)能方式，推行合同能源管理，推廣節(jié)能綜合服務。
33．Developing market-based mechanisms. Relying on trading platforms for public resources, we need to accelerate the development of the national market for trading carbon emission permits by gradually expanding its coverage, diversifying trading types and means, and improving the allocation and management of allowances. Carbon sink trading will be incorporated into the national carbon market, and an ecological compensation mechanism that reflects the value of carbon sinks will be established. The carbon emission reporting and information disclosure systems for enterprises and financial institutions need to be improved. We need to improve the systems for the paid use and trade of energy consumption permits and speed up the development of a national market for such permits. We need to better coordinate and align the trading of electricity, energy consumption permits, and carbon emission permits. We need to develop market-based means for energy conservation, carry out contracted energy management, and promote comprehensive energy conservation services.

十三、切實加強組織實施
XIII. STRENGTHENING ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

（三十四）加強組織領導。加強黨中央對碳達峰、碳中和工作的集中統(tǒng)一領導，碳達峰碳中和工作領導小組指導和統(tǒng)籌做好碳達峰、碳中和工作。支持有條件的地方和重點行業(yè)、重點企業(yè)率先實現(xiàn)碳達峰，組織開展碳達峰、碳中和先行示范，探索有效模式和有益經(jīng)驗。將碳達峰、碳中和作為干部教育培訓體系重要內(nèi)容，增強各級領導干部推動綠色低碳發(fā)展的本領。
34．Strengthening organization and leadership. The CPC Central Committee will strengthen its centralized, unified leadership over the efforts to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, and the Leading Group on Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality will guide and coordinate these efforts. We will support localities with the favorable conditions, key industries and key enterprises in taking the lead in carbon dioxide peaking, and we will organize and carry out demonstrations on carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality as a way to develop effective methods and useful practices. Carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality will be an important part of the officials education and training system to strengthen the ability of officials at all levels to effectively promote green and low-carbon development.

（三十五）強化統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)。國家發(fā)展改革委要加強統(tǒng)籌，組織落實2030年前碳達峰行動方案，加強碳中和工作謀劃，定期調(diào)度各地區(qū)各有關部門落實碳達峰、碳中和目標任務進展情況，加強跟蹤評估和督促檢查，協(xié)調(diào)解決實施中遇到的重大問題。各有關部門要加強協(xié)調(diào)配合，形成工作合力，確保政策取向一致、步驟力度銜接。
35．Strengthening overall coordination. To strengthen overall coordination, the National Development and Reform Commission will work with local authorities and relevant government departments to organize the implementation of the Action Plan for Carbon Dioxide Peaking before 2030. It will ensure alignment between the work progress of all localities and relevant departments on a regular basis, strengthening tracking, evaluations, supervision, and inspections and coordinating efforts to resolve major issues during implementation. Relevant departments must increase coordination and cooperation, foster strong synergies, and ensure policies are consistent in direction and their implementation is well-aligned.

（三十六）壓實地方責任。落實領導干部生態(tài)文明建設責任制，地方各級黨委和政府要堅決扛起碳達峰、碳中和責任，明確目標任務，制定落實舉措，自覺為實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和作出貢獻。
36．Reinforcing local responsibility. As per the leading official responsibility system for promoting ecological civilization, local CPC committees and governments at all levels must resolutely shoulder their responsibilities concerning carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. They must set clear goals and tasks, formulate implementation measures, and consciously contribute to the endeavor to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.

（三十七）嚴格監(jiān)督考核。各地區(qū)要將碳達峰、碳中和相關指標納入經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展綜合評價體系，增加考核權重，加強指標約束。強化碳達峰、碳中和目標任務落實情況考核，對工作突出的地區(qū)、單位和個人按規(guī)定給予表彰獎勵，對未完成目標任務的地區(qū)、部門依規(guī)依法實行通報批評和約談問責，有關落實情況納入中央生態(tài)環(huán)境保護督察。各地區(qū)各有關部門貫徹落實情況每年向黨中央、國務院報告。
37．Tightening oversight and assessment. All local authorities must build targets for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality and incorporate them into their comprehensive assessment systems for economic and social development, assign them greater weight in assessments, and make them more binding. Performance assessments for goals and tasks related to carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality must be strengthened, with outstanding regions, organizations, and individuals to be duly rewarded and commended and regions and departments that fail to accomplish their goals and tasks to be criticized by means of circular, called in for talks and held accountable in accordance with laws and regulations. The implementation shall be subject to the Central Inspections on Environmental Protection. All local authorities and relevant departments must annually submit implementation reports to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.