六、中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨百年奮斗的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)
VI. The Historical Experience from the Party’s Endeavors over the Past Century

一百年來(lái)，黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民進(jìn)行偉大奮斗，在進(jìn)取中突破，于挫折中奮起，從總結(jié)中提高，積累了寶貴的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
Over the past century, the Party has led the people through great endeavors in which it has made breakthroughs by pushing forward, become stronger by rising above setbacks, and improved itself by reflecting on its past. In the process, it has accumulated valuable historical experience.

（一）堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)我們事業(yè)的核心力量。中國(guó)人民和中華民族之所以能夠扭轉(zhuǎn)近代以后的歷史命運(yùn)、取得今天的偉大成就，最根本的是有中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)都證明，沒(méi)有中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨，就沒(méi)有新中國(guó)，就沒(méi)有中華民族偉大復(fù)興。治理好我們這個(gè)世界上最大的政黨和人口最多的國(guó)家，必須堅(jiān)持黨的全面領(lǐng)導(dǎo)特別是黨中央集中統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，堅(jiān)持民主集中制，確保黨始終總攬全局、協(xié)調(diào)各方。只要我們堅(jiān)持黨的全面領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不動(dòng)搖，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)黨的核心和黨中央權(quán)威，充分發(fā)揮黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)政治優(yōu)勢(shì)，把黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)落實(shí)到黨和國(guó)家事業(yè)各領(lǐng)域各方面各環(huán)節(jié)，就一定能夠確保全黨全軍全國(guó)各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)一致向前進(jìn)。
1. Upholding the Party’s leadership

The Communist Party of China is the central leading force of our cause. The strong leadership of the Party is the fundamental reason why the Chinese people and Chinese nation have been able to transform their fate in modern times and achieved the great success we see today. Both the facts of history and the reality of today prove that without the Communist Party of China, there would be no new China and no national rejuvenation.

To govern our Party, which is the largest in the world, and our country, which is the most populous in the world, we must uphold the Party’s overall leadership, especially the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership, adhere to democratic centralism, and ensure that the Party exercises overall leadership and coordination.

As long as we maintain unwavering commitment to the Party’s overall leadership, firmly uphold the core of the Party and the authority of the Central Committee, fully leverage the political strengths of Party leadership, and see that Party leadership is exercised in all aspects and stages of the Party and the country’s cause, we will be able to ensure that all Party members, the armed forces, and all Chinese people unite as one in pressing ahead.

（二）堅(jiān)持人民至上。黨的根基在人民、血脈在人民、力量在人民，人民是黨執(zhí)政興國(guó)的最大底氣。民心是最大的政治，正義是最強(qiáng)的力量。黨的最大政治優(yōu)勢(shì)是密切聯(lián)系群眾，黨執(zhí)政后的最大危險(xiǎn)是脫離群眾。黨代表中國(guó)最廣大人民根本利益，沒(méi)有任何自己特殊的利益，從來(lái)不代表任何利益集團(tuán)、任何權(quán)勢(shì)團(tuán)體、任何特權(quán)階層的利益，這是黨立于不敗之地的根本所在。只要我們始終堅(jiān)持全心全意為人民服務(wù)的根本宗旨，堅(jiān)持黨的群眾路線，始終牢記江山就是人民、人民就是江山，堅(jiān)持一切為了人民、一切依靠人民，堅(jiān)持為人民執(zhí)政、靠人民執(zhí)政，堅(jiān)持發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享，堅(jiān)定不移走全體人民共同富裕道路，就一定能夠領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民奪取中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義新的更大勝利，任何想把中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨同中國(guó)人民分割開(kāi)來(lái)、對(duì)立起來(lái)的企圖就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)得逞。
2. Putting the people first

The Party has in the people its roots, its lifeblood, and its source of strength. The people are the greatest source of confidence for the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country. No political consideration is more important than the people; no force is more powerful than justice. The Party’s greatest political strength is its close ties with the people, while the biggest potential danger it faces as a governing party is becoming distanced from them.

The Party represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people. It has no special interests of its own, nor has it ever represented the interests of any individual interest group, any power group, or any privileged stratum. This is the fundamental reason why the Party has maintained its inviolable strength.

We will remain committed to the Party’s fundamental purpose of wholeheartedly serving the people, adhere to the Party’s mass line, and always be aware that this country is its people and the people are the country. We will do everything for the people and rely on them in everything we do, exercise governance on behalf of the people and on the basis of their support, and stick to the notion that development is for the people, depends on the people, and its fruits should be shared by the people. With unswerving resolve, we will pursue common prosperity for all. By doing so, our Party will be able to lead the people toward new and even greater triumphs in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Any attempt to divide the Communist Party of China from the Chinese people or to set the Chinese people against the Communist Party of China is bound to fail.

（三）堅(jiān)持理論創(chuàng)新。馬克思主義是我們立黨立國(guó)、興黨強(qiáng)國(guó)的根本指導(dǎo)思想。馬克思主義理論不是教條而是行動(dòng)指南，必須隨著實(shí)踐發(fā)展而發(fā)展，必須中國(guó)化才能落地生根、本土化才能深入人心。黨之所以能夠領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民在一次次求索、一次次挫折、一次次開(kāi)拓中完成中國(guó)其他各種政治力量不可能完成的艱巨任務(wù)，根本在于堅(jiān)持解放思想、實(shí)事求是、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)、求真務(wù)實(shí)，堅(jiān)持把馬克思主義基本原理同中國(guó)具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合、同中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合，堅(jiān)持實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，堅(jiān)持一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)，及時(shí)回答時(shí)代之問(wèn)、人民之問(wèn)，不斷推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國(guó)化時(shí)代化。習(xí)近平同志指出，當(dāng)代中國(guó)的偉大社會(huì)變革，不是簡(jiǎn)單延續(xù)我國(guó)歷史文化的母版，不是簡(jiǎn)單套用馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家設(shè)想的模板，不是其他國(guó)家社會(huì)主義實(shí)踐的再版，也不是國(guó)外現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的翻版。只要我們勇于結(jié)合新的實(shí)踐不斷推進(jìn)理論創(chuàng)新、善于用新的理論指導(dǎo)新的實(shí)踐，就一定能夠讓馬克思主義在中國(guó)大地上展現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)大、更有說(shuō)服力的真理力量。
3. Advancing theoretical innovation

Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology upon which our Party and our country are founded and thrive. Marxist theory is not a dogma, but a guide to action; it must develop with the evolution of practice, and only by adapting to the Chinese context can it take root in our country and gain a firm place in Chinese people’s hearts.

The fundamental reason why the Party has been able to lead the people through painstaking searches, setbacks, and pioneering efforts to accomplish enormous tasks that were inconceivable for any other political force in China is its commitment to the following: freeing minds, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, and applying a realistic and pragmatic approach; adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China’s specific realities and China’s fine traditional culture; abiding by the principle that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth; and grounding all its efforts in reality. Furthermore, the Party has provided prompt answers to the questions of our times and our people, and kept adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times.

As Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out, the great social transformations that contemporary China has undergone are not a natural continuation of our country’s historical and cultural traditions, not a mechanical application of the templates designed by authors of Marxist classics, nor a copy of the socialist practice in other countries or foreign models of modernization. As long as we have the courage to keep making theoretical innovations in light of new practical developments and use new theory to guide new practice, we are certain to see Marxism emanate mightier and more compelling power of truth across the land of China.

（四）堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主。獨(dú)立自主是中華民族精神之魂，是我們立黨立國(guó)的重要原則。走自己的路，是黨百年奮斗得出的歷史結(jié)論。黨歷來(lái)堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主開(kāi)拓前進(jìn)道路，堅(jiān)持把國(guó)家和民族發(fā)展放在自己力量的基點(diǎn)上，堅(jiān)持中國(guó)的事情必須由中國(guó)人民自己作主張、自己來(lái)處理。人類(lèi)歷史上沒(méi)有一個(gè)民族、一個(gè)國(guó)家可以通過(guò)依賴(lài)外部力量、照搬外國(guó)模式、跟在他人后面亦步亦趨實(shí)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)大和振興。那樣做的結(jié)果，不是必然遭遇失敗，就是必然成為他人的附庸。只要我們堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主、自力更生，既虛心學(xué)習(xí)借鑒國(guó)外的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)，又堅(jiān)定民族自尊心和自信心，不信邪、不怕壓，就一定能夠把中國(guó)發(fā)展進(jìn)步的命運(yùn)始終牢牢掌握在自己手中。
4. Staying independent

Independence is the essence of China’s national spirit, and it is a major principle for building our Party and our country. We must follow our own path—this is the historical conclusion our Party has drawn from its endeavors over the past century.

The Party has always followed an independent path as it has pressed forward, stressing reliance on our own efforts to drive the nation’s development, and maintaining that China’s affairs must be decided and run by the Chinese people themselves. Throughout human history, no nation or country has ever become strong and prosperous by relying on external forces, indiscriminately copying the models of other countries, or blindly following in others’ footsteps. Those who have attempted to do so have either suffered inevitable defeat or been reduced to vassals of others.

As long as we maintain independence and self-reliance, bolster our people’s sense of national dignity and self-confidence while drawing on the useful experience of other countries, and refuse to be taken in by fallacies or to bend in the face of pressure, we will be able to keep the fate of China’s development and progress firmly in our own hands.

（五）堅(jiān)持中國(guó)道路。方向決定道路，道路決定命運(yùn)。黨在百年奮斗中始終堅(jiān)持從我國(guó)國(guó)情出發(fā)，探索并形成符合中國(guó)實(shí)際的正確道路。中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路是創(chuàng)造人民美好生活、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的康莊大道。腳踏中華大地，傳承中華文明，走符合中國(guó)國(guó)情的正確道路，黨和人民就具有無(wú)比廣闊的舞臺(tái)，具有無(wú)比深厚的歷史底蘊(yùn)，具有無(wú)比強(qiáng)大的前進(jìn)定力。只要我們既不走封閉僵化的老路，也不走改旗易幟的邪路，堅(jiān)定不移走中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路，就一定能夠把我國(guó)建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧美麗的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)。
5. Following the Chinese path

The direction determines the path, and the path determines the future. Throughout its endeavors over the past century, the Party has always stayed grounded in China’s conditions and felt out a right path consistent with China’s realities—the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is a sure path toward a better life for the people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The Chinese land, the Chinese civilization, and the Chinese path provide our Party and people an infinitely vast stage, a heritage of incomparable depth, and unmatched resolve for forging ahead.

We must neither retrace our steps to the rigidity and isolation of the past, nor take a wrong turn by changing our nature and abandoning our system. As long as we follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics with unswerving commitment, we will be able to develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.

（六）堅(jiān)持胸懷天下。大道之行，天下為公。黨始終以世界眼光關(guān)注人類(lèi)前途命運(yùn)，從人類(lèi)發(fā)展大潮流、世界變化大格局、中國(guó)發(fā)展大歷史正確認(rèn)識(shí)和處理同外部世界的關(guān)系，堅(jiān)持開(kāi)放、不搞封閉，堅(jiān)持互利共贏、不搞零和博弈，堅(jiān)持主持公道、伸張正義，站在歷史正確的一邊，站在人類(lèi)進(jìn)步的一邊。只要我們堅(jiān)持和平發(fā)展道路，既通過(guò)維護(hù)世界和平發(fā)展自己，又通過(guò)自身發(fā)展維護(hù)世界和平，同世界上一切進(jìn)步力量攜手前進(jìn)，不依附別人，不掠奪別人，永遠(yuǎn)不稱(chēng)霸，就一定能夠不斷為人類(lèi)文明進(jìn)步貢獻(xiàn)智慧和力量，同世界各國(guó)人民一道，推動(dòng)歷史車(chē)輪向著光明的前途前進(jìn)。
6. Maintaining a global vision

When the path is just, the common good will reign over all under Heaven. The Party has been cogitating on the future of humanity with a global vision, and has correctly understood and handled China’s relations with the rest of the world in the context of the general trend of human development, the grand scheme of things amid global changes, and the entire course of Chinese history. It champions opening up over isolation, pursues mutual benefit instead of zero-sum games, and stands up for fairness and justice. This has enabled the Party to stand on the right side of history and the side of human progress.

We will keep to the path of peaceful development, developing our country by safeguarding world peace and contributing to world peace through our development. We will move forward in tandem with all progressive forces around the world. We will never rely on others, take advantage of others, or seek hegemony. As long as we stick to these principles, we will be able to continue contributing our wisdom and strength to the progress of human civilization and work with the people of other countries to keep the wheels of history rolling toward a brighter future.

（七）堅(jiān)持開(kāi)拓創(chuàng)新。創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)民族發(fā)展進(jìn)步的不竭動(dòng)力。越是偉大的事業(yè)，越充滿(mǎn)艱難險(xiǎn)阻，越需要艱苦奮斗，越需要開(kāi)拓創(chuàng)新。黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民披荊斬棘、上下求索、奮力開(kāi)拓、銳意進(jìn)取，不斷推進(jìn)理論創(chuàng)新、實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新、制度創(chuàng)新、文化創(chuàng)新以及其他各方面創(chuàng)新，敢為天下先，走出了前人沒(méi)有走出的路，任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻都沒(méi)能阻擋住黨和人民前進(jìn)的步伐。只要我們順應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流，回應(yīng)人民要求，勇于推進(jìn)改革，準(zhǔn)確識(shí)變、科學(xué)應(yīng)變、主動(dòng)求變，永不僵化、永不停滯，就一定能夠創(chuàng)造出更多令人刮目相看的人間奇跡。
7. Breaking new ground

Innovation is an inexhaustible source of momentum for the development of a country and a nation. The greater the cause, and the more fraught it is with difficulties and obstacles, the more important it is to work hard and break new ground.

The Party has led the people in surmounting all difficulties, searching high and low for a way forward, and pressing ahead with determination. As we have made constant innovations in theory, practice, institutions, culture, and other areas, we have demonstrated the courage to be pioneers and pursue a path hitherto uncharted. No difficulty or obstacle has been able to hold back the advance of the Party and the people.

We will continue to follow the trend of the times, respond to the demands of the people, and boldly advance reform. We will accurately identify changes, adeptly respond to them, and work to steer them in a favorable direction. We will never become rigid and never cease making progress. As long as we keep doing so, we will be able to bring about more miraculous achievements that amaze the world.

（八）堅(jiān)持敢于斗爭(zhēng)。敢于斗爭(zhēng)、敢于勝利，是黨和人民不可戰(zhàn)勝的強(qiáng)大精神力量。黨和人民取得的一切成就，不是天上掉下來(lái)的，不是別人恩賜的，而是通過(guò)不斷斗爭(zhēng)取得的。黨在內(nèi)憂外患中誕生、在歷經(jīng)磨難中成長(zhǎng)、在攻堅(jiān)克難中壯大，為了人民、國(guó)家、民族，為了理想信念，無(wú)論敵人如何強(qiáng)大、道路如何艱險(xiǎn)、挑戰(zhàn)如何嚴(yán)峻，黨總是絕不畏懼、絕不退縮，不怕?tīng)奚僬鄄粨?。只要我們把握新的偉大斗?zhēng)的歷史特點(diǎn)，抓住和用好歷史機(jī)遇，下好先手棋、打好主動(dòng)仗，發(fā)揚(yáng)斗爭(zhēng)精神，增強(qiáng)斗爭(zhēng)本領(lǐng)，凝聚起全黨全國(guó)人民的意志和力量，就一定能夠戰(zhàn)勝一切可以預(yù)見(jiàn)和難以預(yù)見(jiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)。
8. Standing up for ourselves

Having the courage to fight and the mettle to win provides the Party and the people with inviolable strength. All the achievements that the Party and the people have made did not come from nothing, nor were they given to us by others; they were earned through persistent struggle.

The Party was born amid domestic turmoil and foreign aggression, was tempered through numerous tribulations, and has grown strong by surmounting difficulties. No matter how powerful the enemy, how difficult the journey, or how grave the challenges, the Party has never lost heart or backed down, and never hesitated to make necessary sacrifices. It has remained unyielding despite all setbacks, fighting for our people, our country, and our nation, as well as our shared ideals and convictions.

We should grasp the contemporary features of the great new struggle, seize historical opportunities, and get a head start. As long as we carry forward the fighting spirit, build up our ability, and rally the will and strength of the whole Party and the entire nation, we are sure to overcome any risks or challenges, whether foreseeable or otherwise.

（九）堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線。團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量。建立最廣泛的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線，是黨克敵制勝的重要法寶，也是黨執(zhí)政興國(guó)的重要法寶。黨始終堅(jiān)持大團(tuán)結(jié)大聯(lián)合，團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量，調(diào)動(dòng)一切可以調(diào)動(dòng)的積極因素，促進(jìn)政黨關(guān)系、民族關(guān)系、宗教關(guān)系、階層關(guān)系、海內(nèi)外同胞關(guān)系和諧，最大限度凝聚起共同奮斗的力量。只要我們不斷鞏固和發(fā)展各民族大團(tuán)結(jié)、全國(guó)人民大團(tuán)結(jié)、全體中華兒女大團(tuán)結(jié)，鑄牢中華民族共同體意識(shí)，形成海內(nèi)外全體中華兒女心往一處想、勁往一處使的生動(dòng)局面，就一定能夠匯聚起實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的磅礴偉力。
9. Promoting the united front

Solidarity is strength. Developing the broadest possible united front provides important assurance for our Party to defeat the enemy and to govern and rejuvenate the country.

The Party has remained committed to great unity and solidarity, united all forces that can be united, and mobilized all positive factors available in order to promote harmony between different political parties, ethnic groups, religions, social strata, and compatriots at home and abroad. This has allowed us to pool strength to the greatest extent possible for our common goals.

As long as we continue to consolidate solidarity between different ethnic groups, people across the nation, and all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, foster a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and ensure that Chinese people all over the world focus their energy and ingenuity toward the same goal, we will bring together a mighty force for making national rejuvenation a reality.

（十）堅(jiān)持自我革命。勇于自我革命是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨區(qū)別于其他政黨的顯著標(biāo)志。自我革命精神是黨永葆青春活力的強(qiáng)大支撐。先進(jìn)的馬克思主義政黨不是天生的，而是在不斷自我革命中淬煉而成的。黨歷經(jīng)百年滄桑更加充滿(mǎn)活力，其奧秘就在于始終堅(jiān)持真理、修正錯(cuò)誤。黨的偉大不在于不犯錯(cuò)誤，而在于從不諱疾忌醫(yī)，積極開(kāi)展批評(píng)和自我批評(píng)，敢于直面問(wèn)題，勇于自我革命。只要我們不斷清除一切損害黨的先進(jìn)性和純潔性的因素，不斷清除一切侵蝕黨的健康肌體的病毒，就一定能夠確保黨不變質(zhì)、不變色、不變味，確保黨在新時(shí)代堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的歷史進(jìn)程中始終成為堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。
10. Remaining committed to self-reform

Having the courage to reform itself is a hallmark that distinguishes the Communist Party of China from other political parties. The spirit of self-reform underpins the Party’s ability to maintain its youthful vigor.

The advanced nature of a Marxist party is not a given, but rather cultivated through constant self-reform. The Party has emerged from one hundred years of vicissitudes with even greater vitality. The secret to this lies in the Party’s commitment to upholding truth and righting errors. The Party is great not because it never makes mistakes, but because it always owns up to its errors, actively engages in criticism and self-criticism, and has the courage to confront problems and reform itself.

As long as we consistently remove all elements that would harm the Party’s advanced nature and integrity, and eliminate any viruses that would erode its health, we will be able to ensure that the Party preserves its essence, color, and character and see that it always serves as the strong leadership core in the course of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

以上十個(gè)方面，是經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐積累的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是黨和人民共同創(chuàng)造的精神財(cái)富，必須倍加珍惜、長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持，并在新時(shí)代實(shí)踐中不斷豐富和發(fā)展。
These ten points represent valuable practical experience gained over a long period and intellectual treasures created through the joint efforts of the Party and the people. All of us must cherish them, uphold them over the long term, and continue to enrich and develop them in practice in the new era.