三、教育培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容
III. Content of Education and Training

為有效遏制宗教極端主義蔓延擴(kuò)散、暴力恐怖案（事）件多發(fā)頻發(fā)勢頭，新疆依法開展教育培訓(xùn)工作，在一些區(qū)、縣設(shè)立教培中心。
In order to effectively contain and systematically remedy the dissemination of religious extremism and frequent terrorist incidents, Xinjiang has set up vocational education and training centers in some prefectures and counties.

教培中心屬于學(xué)校性質(zhì)。針對新疆反恐、去極端化的實(shí)際需要，設(shè)置了以學(xué)習(xí)國家通用語言文字、法律知識、職業(yè)技能以及去極端化為主要內(nèi)容的教學(xué)課程。
These centers are education and training institutions in nature. To meet the needs of fighting terrorism and extremism, these centers deliver a curriculum that includes standard spoken and written Chinese, understanding of the law, vocational skills, and deradicalization.

針對學(xué)員使用國家通用語言文字普遍水平低的問題，開展國家通用語言文字培訓(xùn)。教培中心開展國家通用語言文字培訓(xùn)有充分的憲法和法律依據(jù)?！吨腥A人民共和國憲法》以及《中華人民共和國民族區(qū)域自治法》《中華人民共和國國家通用語言文字法》均保障各民族有使用和發(fā)展自己的語言文字的自由。同時(shí)，《中華人民共和國憲法》和《中華人民共和國國家通用語言文字法》也規(guī)定，國家推廣全國通用的普通話，公民有學(xué)習(xí)和使用國家通用語言文字的權(quán)利，國家為公民學(xué)習(xí)和使用國家通用語言文字提供條件。教培中心充分保障憲法賦予公民的學(xué)習(xí)和使用國家通用語言文字的權(quán)利，為學(xué)員提供學(xué)習(xí)條件。安排有教師資格的國家通用語言專業(yè)教師，使用專門為學(xué)員編寫的教材，按照普通學(xué)校授課方式，快速提升學(xué)員使用國家通用語言文字的能力。國家通用語言文字的培訓(xùn)，是在尊重少數(shù)民族使用本民族語言文字權(quán)利前提下進(jìn)行的，目的在于增強(qiáng)掌握和使用國家通用語言文字的能力，使學(xué)員獲得學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)文化知識、職業(yè)技能、外出經(jīng)商務(wù)工、與其他民族群眾交流、適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代生活的語言工具，而不是要剝奪或者限制使用、發(fā)展本民族語言文字的權(quán)利。
To remedy their lack of proficiency in spoken and written Chinese, tailored language programs are provided to trainees. The education and training centers have solid constitutional and legal authority to conduct such programs. The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language protect the freedom of all ethnic groups to use and develop their own spoken and written languages. At the same time, the Constitution and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language specify that the state promotes the nationwide use of Putonghua, that all citizens have the right to learn and use the standard spoken and written Chinese language, and that the state provides citizens with the conditions to enable them to do so.
The education and training centers fully guarantee citizens’ right to learn and use standard spoken and written Chinese conferred by the Constitution, and provide trainees with the facilities required for their studies. They employ qualified teachers, using textbooks compiled especially for the trainees, teaching in the same way as in regular schools in order to rapidly improve their ability in the use of standard spoken and written Chinese. Improving the trainees’ command of standard spoken and written Chinese helps them to learn about science and technology, acquire vocational skills, seek work in other locations, communicate with other ethnic groups, and adapt better to life in modern society, subject to the condition that their right to use their own ethnic spoken and written languages is respected. There is no intention to deprive or limit the trainees’ right to use and develop their own ethnic languages.

針對學(xué)員普遍缺乏法治意識，開設(shè)法律知識課程。教培中心將學(xué)習(xí)法律知識作為培養(yǎng)學(xué)員增強(qiáng)國家意識、公民意識、法治意識的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。聘請法官、檢察官、律師等講授《中華人民共和國憲法》《中華人民共和國民族區(qū)域自治法》《中華人民共和國刑法》《中華人民共和國民法總則》《中華人民共和國婚姻法》《中華人民共和國婦女權(quán)益保障法》《中華人民共和國未成年人保護(hù)法》《中華人民共和國勞動法》《中華人民共和國勞動合同法》《中華人民共和國教育法》《中華人民共和國職業(yè)教育法》《中華人民共和國反恐怖主義法》《中華人民共和國治安管理處罰法》和《新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)去極端化條例》《新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)實(shí)施〈中華人民共和國反恐怖主義法〉辦法》《新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)宗教事務(wù)條例》等法律法規(guī)。通過學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)員增強(qiáng)對公民權(quán)利義務(wù)的認(rèn)識，建立平等享有權(quán)利、履行公民義務(wù)的觀念，自覺遵守國家憲法法律，按照憲法法律賦予的權(quán)利和義務(wù)行事。
To remedy a lack of understanding of the law, the education and training centers present legal courses, which is taken as the key link to strengthen national, civic and legal awareness. Judges, procurators and lawyers are invited to give lectures on laws and regulations, including the Constitution, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China, General Provisions of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests, Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors, Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China, Labor Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China, Education Law of the People’s Republic of China, Vocational Education Law of the People’s Republic of China, Counter-terrorism Law of the People’s Republic of China, Public Security Administration Punishments Law of the People’s Republic of China, Regulations of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Deradicalization, Measures of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Implementing the Counter-terrorism Law of the People’s Republic of China, and Regulations of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Religious Affairs. Through their studies, the trainees have developed a better understanding of their civil rights and obligations, a realization that they have the same entitlement to these rights and obligations as others, and an acceptance that they must abide by the Constitution and laws and act in accordance with the rights and obligations they confer.

針對學(xué)員缺乏職業(yè)技能、就業(yè)困難的問題，開展職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)。教培中心將學(xué)習(xí)職業(yè)技能作為提升學(xué)員就業(yè)能力的重要途徑，根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匦枨蠛途蜆I(yè)條件，設(shè)置服裝鞋帽加工、食品加工、電子產(chǎn)品組裝、排版印刷、美容美發(fā)、電子商務(wù)、汽車維修、建筑裝飾、畜牧養(yǎng)殖、果樹栽培、保健推拿、家政服務(wù)、手工藝品制作、插花、地毯編織、繪畫、樂器演奏、舞蹈演藝等培訓(xùn)課程，對其中有愿望有條件的學(xué)員進(jìn)行多技能培訓(xùn)，確保學(xué)員結(jié)業(yè)后能夠較為熟練地掌握1－2門職業(yè)技能。教培中心注重將課程學(xué)習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)操作相結(jié)合，提高學(xué)員實(shí)際操作能力。實(shí)訓(xùn)操作是實(shí)踐教學(xué)，不是在工廠務(wù)工，不是在企業(yè)就業(yè)，更不是強(qiáng)制勞動。
To remedy lack of occupational skills and employment difficulties, vocational skills training programs are provided. The education and training centers regard vocational skills as an important channel to improve the trainees’ employability. Based on local demand and employment opportunities, the courses they present include garment making, food processing, assembly of electronic products, typesetting and printing, hairdressing and beauty services, e-commerce, auto maintenance and repair, interior design and decoration, livestock breeding, pomiculture, therapeutic massage, household services, handicrafts, flower arrangement, rug weaving, painting, and the performing arts such as music and dance. Eligible trainees who are willing to learn are offered training in more than one skill to ensure they are employable in the jobs market upon completing their study at the centers. The education and training centers combine course learning with practical training to improve the trainees’ operational skills. Practical training is conducted in classes rather than through employment in factories or enterprises, or obligatory labor.

針對學(xué)員不同程度地受宗教極端主義影響和控制的問題，教培中心將去極端化貫穿全過程。通過分階段學(xué)習(xí)法律法規(guī)、民族宗教政策和宗教知識，揭露恐怖主義、宗教極端主義的危害，使學(xué)員全面準(zhǔn)確了解國家宗教信仰自由政策，深刻認(rèn)識到什么是合法宗教活動、什么是非法宗教活動、什么是宗教極端主義，真正明白宗教極端主義完全違背了宗教教義，努力使學(xué)員認(rèn)清恐怖主義、宗教極端主義的罪惡本質(zhì)和嚴(yán)重危害，擺脫其影響和控制。教育培訓(xùn)從不干預(yù)學(xué)員信仰自由，從未進(jìn)行改變學(xué)員宗教信仰的教學(xué)活動。
As trainees have fallen under the influence and control of religious extremism to a greater or lesser extent, the centers integrate deradicalization into the whole process of education and training. Through step-by-step teaching of laws and regulations, policies on ethnic and religious affairs, and religious knowledge, and by exposing the damage caused by terrorism and religious extremism, the centers give trainees a full and accurate understanding of the national policy of freedom of religious belief. In order to rehabilitate the trainees, these courses teach the trainees to distinguish between lawful and unlawful religious activities, understand how religious extremism runs counter to religious doctrine, and realize the evil nature and serious harm of terrorism and religious extremism so that they can eventually break free from the influence and control of terrorism and religious extremism. Education and training at the centers never interferes in the trainees’ freedom of religious belief and the centers have never made any attempts to have the trainees change their religious beliefs.

四、學(xué)員的基本權(quán)利得到保障
IV. Protection of Trainees’ Basic Rights

尊重和保障人權(quán)，是中國憲法規(guī)定的基本原則，并在中國的各項(xiàng)法律制度和中國政府開展的各項(xiàng)工作中得到充分體現(xiàn)。新疆開展教培工作，是政府依法采取的一項(xiàng)社會治理措施，旨在保障人民生命安全，保障公民基本權(quán)利不受侵犯。在開展教培工作過程中，教培中心嚴(yán)格貫徹落實(shí)憲法和法律規(guī)定，保障參與培訓(xùn)學(xué)員的基本權(quán)利不受侵犯。
It is a basic principle, enshrined in the Constitution of China, prescribed by its laws, and demonstrated by the efforts of the Chinese government, to respect and protect human rights. The education and training in Xinjiang is a social governance measure taken by the government, in accordance with the law, to protect the lives and basic civil rights of citizens. In organizing the training programs, the education and training centers strictly follow the provisions of the Constitution and the law to prevent any violation of the basic rights of trainees.

教培工作根本不是什么限制、剝奪人身自由的措施，而是依法采取的幫助學(xué)員擺脫恐怖主義、宗教極端主義束縛的重要措施，是實(shí)現(xiàn)人的思想解放、素質(zhì)提升和更好發(fā)展之舉。
Education and training is not a measure to limit or circumscribe the freedom of the person. Rather it is an important measure to help trainees to break free from ideas of terrorism and religious extremism. It is an attempt to help the trainees to emancipate their minds, improve themselves and their future prospects.

中國法律明文禁止任何基于地域、民族、宗教等理由的歧視性做法，這一規(guī)定在新疆得到了切實(shí)執(zhí)行。教培中心確定教育挽救對象的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是是否有過恐怖主義、宗教極端主義違法或犯罪行為，與其所在的地區(qū)、所屬的民族和所信仰的宗教毫無關(guān)系。
The law of China prohibits any discrimination based on region, ethnicity, religion and other grounds. This is implemented strictly in Xinjiang. The only criterion for education at the centers is whether the trainee has been convicted of unlawful or criminal acts involving terrorism and religious extremism. It has nothing to do with their region, ethnicity or religion.

學(xué)員在教培中心學(xué)習(xí)過程中的人身自由得到依法保障。教培中心充分保障學(xué)員的人格尊嚴(yán)不受侵犯，嚴(yán)禁以任何方式對學(xué)員進(jìn)行人格侮辱和虐待。教培中心實(shí)行寄宿制管理，學(xué)員可定期回家，有事請假，學(xué)員有通信自由。
The personal freedom of trainees at the education and training centers is protected in accordance with the law. The centers guarantee that trainees’ personal dignity is inviolable, and prevent any insult or abuse in any manner. They employ a residential education model which allows trainees to go back home on a regular basis and ask for leave to attend personal affairs. The trainees also enjoy the freedom of correspondence.

在教培中心，各民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和使用本民族語言文字的權(quán)利都得到充分保障。教培中心各項(xiàng)規(guī)章制度、課程表、食譜等均使用國家通用語言文字和當(dāng)?shù)厣贁?shù)民族語言文字。教培中心充分尊重和保障不同民族學(xué)員的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，免費(fèi)提供種類繁多、營養(yǎng)豐富的清真飲食。
The customs of all ethnic groups and the right to use their spoken and written languages are fully protected at the centers. The regulations, curriculum, and menus at the centers all use local ethnic languages as well as standard Chinese. The customs of all ethnic groups are fully respected and protected, and a variety of nutritious Muslim food is provided free of charge.

教培中心尊重學(xué)員的宗教信仰自由?！蹲诮淌聞?wù)條例》規(guī)定，禁止在宗教院校以外的學(xué)校及其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)傳教、舉行宗教活動、成立宗教組織、設(shè)立宗教活動場所。教培中心在管理上實(shí)行教育與宗教相分離，學(xué)員不得在校內(nèi)組織、參加宗教活動，但信教學(xué)員回家時(shí)可以自主決定是否參與合法宗教活動。
The education and training centers respect the trainees’ freedom of religious belief. The Regulations on Religious Affairs prohibit preaching religion, holding religious activities, establishing religious organizations, and setting up religious activity sites in schools and educational institutions other than religious institutions. The centers practice separation of education and religion in management, which means trainees should not organize or take part in religious activities there, but they can decide on their own whether to do so on a legal basis when they get home.

教培中心配備雙語教師、輔導(dǎo)員、醫(yī)生和后勤服務(wù)管理人員等，保障學(xué)員正常學(xué)習(xí)生活。教培中心生活設(shè)施齊全，室內(nèi)冬天有暖氣、夏天有空調(diào)或風(fēng)扇，宿舍有電視，浴室免費(fèi)對學(xué)員開放。設(shè)置醫(yī)療室，每天24小時(shí)免費(fèi)向?qū)W員提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，小病可在醫(yī)務(wù)室就診治療，重癥急癥可快速送醫(yī)院救治。
The education and training centers employ bilingual teachers, instructors, doctors and logistics and managerial staff to ensure that the trainees can study and lead a normal life. They have well-equipped facilities – central heating in winter, air conditioners and electric fans in summer, TVs in the dormitory, and bathrooms. They also have free 24-hour medical facilities available to trainees, capable of treating minor ailments. In the case of major and acute illnesses, trainees will be sent to hospital.

教培中心充分尊重學(xué)員各方面精神文化生活需求，有室內(nèi)外體育文化活動場所，經(jīng)常舉辦豐富多彩的文體娛樂活動。設(shè)置圖書閱覽室，方便學(xué)員讀書學(xué)習(xí)。設(shè)置法律咨詢室，幫助學(xué)員及時(shí)解決法律層面的困難和疑問。設(shè)置心理咨詢室，提供心理咨詢服務(wù)，關(guān)心學(xué)員心理健康。所有學(xué)員均享受養(yǎng)老、醫(yī)療等社會保險(xiǎn)，免費(fèi)參加全民健康體檢。
The education and training centers fully respect the spiritual and cultural needs of trainees. A wealth of regular recreational activities are held at their indoor and outdoor sports and cultural venues. They have reading rooms for trainees to read and study, legal counseling rooms to address their problems and difficulties concerning legal affairs, and mental counseling rooms to provide relevant services and care for their mental health. All trainees are included in public pension and medical insurance schemes, and are entitled to free health examination.

為解除教培學(xué)員的后顧之憂，新疆各級政府對教培學(xué)員家庭平等落實(shí)社會保障、教育醫(yī)療、脫貧攻堅(jiān)等各項(xiàng)優(yōu)惠政策，幫助學(xué)員親屬解決生產(chǎn)、生活、就業(yè)、就學(xué)、就醫(yī)等方面的實(shí)際困難，增強(qiáng)了學(xué)員參加學(xué)習(xí)培訓(xùn)的動力。
In order to relieve them of family worries, the authorities at all levels of Xinjiang treat trainees’ families on an equal footing in terms of preferential policies in social security, education, medical service, and poverty elimination, and help their families and relatives to address problems in work, daily life, employment, education and medical services, thus allowing them to focus more attention on their education and training.